• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.501-511
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• 2020

This qualitative research examined the experiences and patterns of military life of service maladaptive soldiers. The research site was the place where the soldiers of the A-adaptive soldiers' healing program were conducted, and the study period was conducted from September 2016 to December 2017. Maladaptive soldiers' military life experience pattern was analyzed, and their experience consisted of three domains (early domain after joining the army, middle domain after joining the army, and last domain where they failed to adapt themselves), five cultural themes, 12 categories, and 29 attributes. The cultural themes of maladaptive soldiers in their military life experiences were as follows: facing unfamiliar military culture, hardship, being left alone in a group, pain becoming unbearable, and the last choice of leaving a painful military life. Maladaptive soldiers attempted suicide after they failed to overcome the psychological pain, but they needed help during their early period of adaptation. Moreover, during their middle period of adaptation, they needed guidance for their immature coping strategies, and ultimately they had misperceptions about their death together with a pessimistic view about their life. These results are expected to be used as basic data for the development of mental nursing arbitration programs and suicide prevention projects to help service maladaptive soldiers.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2006

The importance regarding the notion of immediate medical treatment and nursing for the victims of sexual crimes is not widely recognized yet in Korea. Throughout this research is focused on the nursing systems and the system of foreign countries in reference to sexual crime victims, and the conclusion is as follows. In Korea, there are currently no educational or medical institutes for the medical handling for the victims of sexual crimes, and the role of nurses in the medical institutes is insufficient. In addition, the basis for the standard of operation regarding the initial response, evidence collection, pursuit of systematical evidence and data is not established even in the sexual assault counseling/advocacy center. Therefore, it is necessary to foster the sexual assault nurse examiner for the sexual crime victims, and to develop adequate training programs based on the present situation in Korea. Though the cooperation among government, medical institutes, and social movement groups, it is essential to initiate effective and publicly-trusted specialized training programs for forensic nurses who will be fully charged with the treatment of sexual crime victims. By introducing the sexual assault nurse examiner system, it can be possible to develop advanced treatment for the child or adolescent victims of sex crimes.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.203-211
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• 1999

목적: 일산화질소 (nitric oxide; NO)는 생식계를 비롯한 여러 생체내 기관에서 다양하고도 중요한 작용을 하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 복강액은 난관내강과 연결되어 복강액 내의 세포 성분의 변화는 난관의 미세환경을 변화시켜 수정과 초기 배아 발생에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구는 배아 발생에 있어서 일산화질소의 역할을 이해하고 복강액 내의 NO농도 변화가 배아 발생에 미치는 역할을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 방법: 과배란시킨 1세대 잡종 암컷 생쥐 (C57BL${\times}$CBA/Ca)로부터 1세포기 배아를 얻어 10% synthetic serum substitute가 첨가된 modified human tubal fluid 배양액에서 4일 동안 체외배양하였다(대조군). 실험을 위해 이러한 배양조건에 sodium nitroprusside (SNP)를 $0{\sim}1mM$의 다양한 농도로 배양초기부터 첨가하거나, $200{\mu}M$ SNP를 2-, 4-, 8-세포기의 각기 다른 배아시기에 첨가하였으며, 복강경수술을 받는 42명의 여성으로부터 채취한 복강액을 SSS대신 단백질원으로 사용하여 포배아까지의 배아 발달율을 관찰하였으며, 복강액 내의 NO농도를 Griess방법에 의해 측정하였다. 배아의 apoptotic body는 H33342 염색법으로 조사하였으며 배아 발달율은 3회 이상 반복 실험한 결과의 mean${\pm}$SEM으로 나타내었다. 결과: SNP는 농도에 의존적으로 배발생을 억제하였으나 배아 단계에 대한 특이성은 관찰할 수 없었으며, 특히 $100{\mu}M$ 이상의 고농도의 SNP는 2-세포기 단계에서 배아 발생을 정지시켰다. 또한 단백질원으로 복강액 이용시 배 발생율은 복강액 내의 NO 농도에 따라 현저한 차이가 발견되었으며, $2.5{\mu}M$이상의 NO를 함유한 복강액에서 배양한 배아의 발생율은 현저하게 감소하였다. cGMP analogue인 8-bromo-cGMP를 배양액에 첨가시 배아 발생에는 변화가 없었으며, SNP에 의해 배발생이 정지된 2-세포기 배아에서 apoptotic body를 발견할 수 없었다. 결론: 이상의 결과로 보아 NO는 고농도에서 배아 발생을 저해하며, 복강액 내의 NO와 같은 성분의 변화는 배아 발생에 유해한 효과를 유발할 것으로 사료된다. 이러한 NO의 배아 발생 억제효과는 cGMP로 중재되는 경로나 apoptosis유발과는 관계가 없는 것 같다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.54
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• pp.79-111
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the structural models in which early cumulative risk factors affect children's language(indicated by expressive vocabularies) and social development(indicated by peer competence) at age 3 thorough their effects on the home learning environment. To examine the hypothesized models, the data of 1,725 families from the second and the fourth waves of the Panel Study of Korean Children was used. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were conducted to test the models. First, the cumulative risk factors at age 1 and 3 were highly correlated, implying the stability of the risk factors over time. The more cumulative risk factors at age 1 predicted the lower level of the home learning environment at age 3, which, in turn, was significantly related to both language and social development at age 3. However, the early cumulative risk factors did not directly influence later developmental outcomes. Moreover, the cumulative risk factors at age 3 were directly related to the child's language development, but neither social development northe home learning environment. In addition, the mediational role of the home learning environment (i.e., cumulative risk factors at age 1${\rightarrow}$home learning environment${\rightarrow}$language and social development) was statistically supported. In conclusion, the early cumulative risk factors in infancy indirectly predicted children's development at age 3 through the home learning environment. The practical implications for the early intervention and support for the families with infants who are experiencing multiple risk factors were discussed.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.247-262
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• 2019

This study involved the effects of home-visit program with cognitive-stimulating activities on cognitive function and memory self-efficacy of an elderly with dementia special rating(5rates). The study was conducted from February 11 to April 26, 2019 using a 65-year old woman residing in G Metropolitan City. The individual subject study used an A-B-A design. The subject performed activities that required thinking and resolving in order to stimulate both her body and cognition. The activities chosen were easily accessible to those having a form of mild dementia, rates 5 dementia special rating, and repetitively stimulated the subject's intellectual capacity in an attempt to increase her degraded cognitive functioning. Specifically, the activities exercised both short-term memory and recollection using familiar letters, numbers, and bodily movements frequently encountered in daily life. The program positively affected the subject's memory and concentration. In addition, the program was found to be feasible for home use by those with mild dementia, obviating the need to travel to a location like a welfare center. The author presents specific activities for stimulating cognition that can effectively intervene to positively influence the cognitive functioning and memory of those with rates 5 dementia special rating.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.306-313
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• 2002

Purpose: Diuretic renography (DR) can be false negative in patients with upper urinary tract obstruction due to low compliance of the renal pelvis. Delayed parenchymal transit (DPT) may be a valuable sign in case of false negative DR. We compared the diagnostic values of DR and DPT during Tc-99m MAG3 diuretic scan in adults with suspected unilateral obstructive uropathy. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four patients(male:female=30:24, age: $40.7{\pm}15.5$ yrs) who underwent Tc-99m MAG3 diuretic scan due to suspicious unilateral obstructive uropathy were analyzed. DR with a $T_{1/2}\;of\;>\;15min$ was considered as positive for obstruction. DPT was considered to be present when there was delayed appearance of radioactivity in the renal pelvis and prolonged retention of radioactivity in the renal parenchyma. The renal area ratio was defined as the ratio of pixel number of hydronephrotic kidney over that of normal contralateral at $1{\sim}2min$ images. Definition of obstruction was improved hydronephrosis after intervention, or aggravated hydronephrosis without intervention. Non-obstruction was defined as unchanged hydronephrosis over 6 months. Results: Twenty-six renal units had obstruction and 28 no obstruction. The sensitivities of DR and DPT were 69% (18/26) and 50% (13/26) respectively. Two renal units with DPT but negative DR showed the renal area ratio of <1.1. Among the 20 obstructive renal units with DPT or positive DR, 13 with DPT had lower renal area ratio than 7 renal units without DPT ($0.97{\pm}0.20\;vs\;1.30{\pm}0.41,\;p<0.05$). Differential renal function was not significantly different between these groups. DPT correctly diagnosed all renal units with non-obstruction (specificity 100%), while the specificity of DR was 89% (25/28). Conclusion: DPT during Tc-99m MAG3 diuretic scan may be a valuable sign in diagnosing urinary obstruction especially in patients with false negative DR and early HN.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 2012

There is a still unsettled issue about the comparison of long-term clinical effects between sirolimus-(SES) and paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) for the patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therefore, we performed a retrospective analysis to evaluate the 4-year clinical outcome of SES as compared with PES after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with AMI. From January 2004 to August 2006, all consecutive patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) underwent primary PCI and acute NSTEMI underwent PCI by implantation either SES or PES were enrolled. The occurrence of death, cardiac death, recurrent infarction, target vessel revascularization (TVR) and stent thrombosis were analyzed. The composite of major adverse cardiac events (MACE; death, recurrent infarction and TVR) were also analyzed. During the study period, total 668 AMI patients had visited. Of them, total 522 patients (299 with SES and 223 with PES) were enrolled. During 4-year clinical follow-up, there were similar occurrences of death ($18.3{\pm}3.0%$ vs. $14.6{\pm}2.2%$, p=0.26), cardiac death ($11.2{\pm}2.6%$ vs. $6.8{\pm}1.52%$, p=0.39), re-infarction ($6.4{\pm}1.8%$ vs. $3.3{\pm}1.1%$, p=0.31), and stent thrombosis ($5.4{\pm}1.7%$ vs. $3.2{\pm}1.1%$, p=0.53) between the two groups, consecutively. The occurrences of TVR ($10.0{\pm}3.0%$ vs. $4.0{\pm}1.2%$, p=0.008) and MACE ($29.4{\pm}3.5%$ vs. $19.4{\pm}2.5%$, p=0.003) were significantly higher in patients treated with PES than SES. In AMI patients treated with either SES or PES implantation, SES had a significantly lower risk of TVR and MACE during 4-year clinical follow-up. Rates of death, cardiac death or recurrent infarction, and stent thrombosis were similar.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.121-131
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the intervention of the nutrition support team (NST) on the nutritional status of critically ill patients. Methods: The medical records of 176 adult patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit and received enteral or parenteral nutrition for more than 7 days were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were classified into the NST and non-NST groups according to whether they were referred to the NST or not. The NST group was further classified into the compliance and non-compliance groups depending on their compliance with the NST recommendations. Results: The NST referral rate was 56.8%, and the rate of compliance with the NST recommendations was 47.0%. Significantly higher energy and protein were provided to the NST and the compliance groups than to the non-NST and the non-compliance groups. The proportion of patients who reached the target calories after the initiation of enteral nutrition was significantly higher in the NST and the compliance groups than in the non-NST and the non-compliance groups. The serum albumin and hemoglobin levels significantly decreased in every group, but the changes were significantly lower in the compliance group. The nutritional status at discharge from the intensive care unit compared to the status at admission was significantly worse in the NST, non-NST, and non-compliance groups. However, the status was maintained in the compliance group. The length of stay in the intensive care unit was significantly shorter in the compliance group. Conclusions: Compliance with the NST recommendations was found to provide more calories and protein and prevent the deterioration of the nutritional status of critically ill patients. Therefore, effective communication between medical staff and the NST from the early stages of admission to the intensive care unit is needed to improve referrals to the NST and compliance with the recommendations.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2020

Objectives : This study investigated lifetime experiences of trauma, treatment retention, and psychiatric symptoms among outpatients with panic disorder after initiation of pharmacotherapy. Our research hypothesis was that panic patients with childhood trauma would display more severe symptoms and less treatment retention compared to those without such history. Methods : A total of 135 first-visit outpatients with DSM-IV panic disorder were approached during the period from March 2012 to August 2016. Fifty-three patients (39%) either refused or returned incomplete questionnaires, leading to a final sample size of 82. Participants completed the Trauma History Screen, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Abbreviated PTSD checklist. Results : The number of lifetime trauma was significantly correlated with treatment retention (rho=-0.269, p=0.015). Among subtypes of trauma, only childhood physical abuse was significantly correlated with treatment retention (rho=-0.298, p=0.007). Conclusions : Our results indicated that psychological trauma, particularly of an interpersonal nature from childhood, can affect pharmacotherapy treatment retention in panic disorder. This may be mediated by poor patient-doctor relationships originating from trust issues among childhood trauma survivors or lack of perceived improvement due to the more severe symptoms and unfavorable course experienced by those with childhood trauma. Further studies are needed to explore the reasons for poor treatment adherence in this population.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.193-202
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the levels of academic stress, ego-resilience, and health promoting behaviors of nursing students, and to examine the relationship between these variables. The participants were 208 nursing students(freshman/sophomore). Data were collected from April 3 to April 21, 2017 by self-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 19.0 program(SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The results of this study were as follows: the mean academic stress score was $3.17{\pm}0.55$, ego-resilience was $2.70{\pm}0.38$, and health promoting behaviors was $2.47{\pm}0.32$. There were significant differences in health promoting behaviors based on residence status, satisfaction with major, satisfaction with school life and health status. There was a negative correlation between health promoting behaviors and academic stress(r=-0.36, p=0.000), while there was a positive correlation between health promoting behaviors and ego-resilience(r=0.60, p=0.000). Variables such as ego-resilience, academic stress, satisfaction with school life, residence status, health status and satisfaction with major explained 43.3% of the variance in health promoting behaviors. Based on these results, it is necessaryto develop interventions and programs to reduce academic stress and increase ego-resilience to improve health promotion in nursing students.