• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.19-23
• /
• 2007

We derived analytically the generalized curvature linear equation useful in the initial optical design of a two-mirror system with finite object distance, including an infinite object distance from paraxial ray tracing and Seidel third order aberration theory for coma coefficient. These aberration coefficients for finite object distance were described by the curvature, the inter-mirror distance, and the effective focal length. The analytical equations were solved by using a computer with a numerical analysis method. Two useful linear relationships, determined by the generalized curvature linear equations relating the curvatures of the two mirrors, for the cancellation of each aberration were shown in the numerical solutions satisfying the nearly zero condition ($<10^{-10}$) for each aberration coefficient. These equations can be utilized easily and efficiently at the step of initial optical design of a two-mirror system with finite object distance.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2016.05a
• /
• pp.235-235
• /
• 2016

댐이나 홍수방지시설과 같은 대규모 수공구조물의 설계 및 평가에는 주로 가능최대강수량(Probable Maximum Precipitation, PMP)가 적용되고 있다. 이러한 PMP의 산정은 관측자료의 정상성 가정을 기반으로 하기 때문에 기후변화와 같은 비정상성을 고려할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해 대기 프로세스의 비정상성 효과를 반영할 수 있는 물리적 기반의 수치 기상 모형(Numerical Weather Model)을 이용하여 최대강수량(Maximum Precipitation, MP)을 산정하는 접근법을 제시하고자 한다. 사례 연구로 대상 극한 강우사상을 식별하고, 식별된 사상들은 지역 대기 모형 중 하나인 WRF를 이용하여 재현된다. 이때, 한국 내의 약 650개의 AWS 자료와 NCEP에서 제공하는 전세계 기상관측자료 및 해수면 온도 자료를 사용하여 초기조건과 경계조건을 개선하고, 총 강수량과 강우의 공간적인 분포를 재현하기 위한 최적 물리옵션을 찾기 위해 다양한 수치실험이 수행된다. 최종적으로 재현된 극한 강우사상은 모형의 경계조건과 수분 최대화의 통해 최대화되어 물리적으로 가능한 최대 강수량을 산정하게 된다. 본 연구는 제한된 강우사상을 대상으로 최대 강수량을 산정하였기 때문에 추후 다양한 강우사상에 대한 연구와 강우의 최대화에 대한 보완이 필요하지만, 정상성 가정에 의존하지 않는 극한 강우사상 산정에 잠재적인 대안이 될 것이라 기대된다.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2014

Using a level set method and topological derivatives, a topological shape optimization method that is independent of an initial design is developed for linearly elastic structures. In the level set method, the initial domain is kept fixed and its boundary is represented by an implicit moving boundary embedded in the level set function, which facilitates to handle complicated topological shape changes. The "Hamilton-Jacobi(H-J)" equation and computationally robust numerical technique of "up-wind scheme" lead the initial implicit boundary to an optimal one according to the normal velocity field while minimizing the objective function of compliance and satisfying the constraint of allowable volume. Based on the asymptotic regularization concept, the topological derivative is considered as the limit of shape derivative as the radius of hole approaches to zero. The required velocity field to update the H-J equation is determined from the descent direction of Lagrangian derived from optimality conditions. It turns out that the initial holes are not required to get the optimal result since the developed method can create holes whenever and wherever necessary using indicators obtained from the topological derivatives. It is demonstrated that the proper choice of control parameters for nucleation is crucial for efficient optimization process.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.186-194
• /
• 2000

In this study, the oceanic responses to given atmospheric boundary conditions are investigated using a mesoscale ocean circulation model. The numerical experiments are divided into two parts: One is, so called, spin-up experiment and the other is reproduction experiment. The spin-up experiment simulates climatic state of ocean by integrating the ocean model with upper boundary conditions of the monthly mean atmospheric climate data. In the reproduction experiment, for the reproduction of major oceanic changes around Korean Peninsula during the period of 1980-1998 (19 years), the model has been integrated under the boundary condition of the 19year monthly mean atmosphere data. The spined-up state of ocean generated from the spin-up experiment is assigned to the initial boundary condition of the reproduction experiment. In the spin-up experiment, the model properly simulates the major features of circulation structure around Korean Peninsula; such as separation of East Korean Warm Current (EKWC), formation of the polar front, cold water band associated with the small scale eddies in the East Sea, the formation of front along west coast, and the seasonal variation of circulation pattern caused by changing upwind current in the West Sea. In the reproduction experiment, the model has shown the interannual sea surface temperature variations and a warming trend of about 0.5$^{\circ}$C during the period around Korean Peninsula, as in the case of the observation. Therefore, it is concluded that the model is capable of simulating not only the mean states but also the variabilities of ocean under the given atmosphere boundary conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2019.05a
• /
• pp.62-62
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 기상청에서 제공하는 인공위성 관측자료와 레이더 자료를 합성하여 예측된 선행시간 2시간의 강수량 예측자료를 이용하여 도시유역의 침수 발생 여부를 확인할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하였다. 대상유역은 부산광역시에 위치하고 있는 유역면적 $54km^2$의 온천천유역으로, $10m{\times}10m$의 해상도로 지표면의 침수예측을 수행한다. 침수예측에 이용되는 모델은 지표면과 하수관망 사이의 상호작용을 효과적으로 고려할 수 있도록 지표면 2차원, 하수관망 1차원 모델을 연계하였으며, 침수예측에 소요되는 시간을 최소화하기 위하여 OpenMP기반의 병렬해석 기법을 적용하였다. 또한 초기조건에 의한 오차를 줄이기 위하여 하천수위 관측소에 관측된 수위자료를 예측모델의 초기조건으로 입력할 수 있도록 시스템을 구성하였으며 유역 하류단에서 경계조건으로 활용되는 예측수위자료는 시계열자료의 예측에 뛰어난 성능을 보여주는 것으로 알려진 LongShort-term Memory(LSTM) 기법을 적용하여 이용하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 실시간 도시침수 예측 시스템은 집중호우 발생시 침수 발생 위치를 사전에 빠르게 예측하여 도시유역의 인적 물적 자원의 피해를 저감하는데 적극적으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.114-131
• /
• 1992

In the present work, a two-dimensional boundary-value problem for a large amplitude motion is treated as an initial-value problem by satisfying the exact body-boundary and nonlinear free-surface boundary conditions. The present nonlinear numerical scheme is similar to that described by Vinje and Brevig(1981) who utilized the Cauchy's theorem and assumed the periodicity in the horizontal coordinate. In the present thesis, however, the periodicity in the horizontal coordinate is not assumed. Thus the present method can treat more realistic problems, which allow radiating waves to infinities. In the present method of solution, the original infinite fluid domain, is divided into two subdomains ; ie the inner and outer subdomains which are a local nonlinear subdomain and the truncated infinite linear subdomain, respectively. By imposing an appropriate matching condition, the computation is carried out only in the inner domain which includes the body. Here we adopt the nonlinear scheme of Vinje & Brevig only in the inner domain and respresent the solution in the truncated infinite subdomains by distributing the time-dependent Green function on the matching boundaries. The matching condition is that the velocity potential and stream function are required to be continuous across the matching boundary. In the computations we used, if necessary, a regriding algorithm on the free surface which could give converged stable solutions successfully even for the breaking waves. In harmonic oscillation problem, each harmonic component and time-mean force are obtained by the Fourier transform of the computed forces in the time domain. The numerical calculations are made for the following problems. $\cdot$ Forced harmonic large-amplitude oscillation(${\omega}{\neq}0,\;U=0$) $\cdot$ Translation with a uniform speed(${\omega}=0,\;U{\neq}0$) The computed results are compared with available experimental data and other analytical results.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.29 no.11
• /
• pp.589-600
• /
• 2002

Deformable models offer an attractive approach for extracting three-dimensional boundary structures from volumetric images. However, conventional deformable models have three major limitations - sensitive to initial condition, difficult to represent complex boundaries with severe object concavities and protrusions, and self-intersective between model elements. This paper proposes a deformable model that is effective to extract geometrically complex boundary surfaces by improving away the limitations of conventional deformable models. First, the proposed deformable model resamples its elements hierarchically based on volume image pyramid. The hierarchical resampling overcomes sensitivity to initialization by extracting the boundaries of objects in a multiscale scheme and enhances geometric flexibility to be well adapted to complex image features by refining and regularizing the size of model elements based on voxel size. Second, the physics-based formulation of our model integrates conventional internal and external forces, as well as a non-self-intersecting force. The non-self-intersecting force effectively prevents collision or crossing over between non-neighboring model elements by pushing each other apart if they are closer than a limited distance. We show that the proposed model successively extracts the complex boundaries including severe concavities and protrusions, neither depending on initial position nor causing self-intersection, through the experiments on several computer-generated volume images and brain MR volume images.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 1989.07a
• /
• pp.163-172
• /
• 1989

강우로 인한 급경사면의 흐름 해석은 지배방정식인 연속방정식과 운동량 방정식에 의해 수치적으로 해석된다. 이에대한 해석 방법에는 수문학적인 방법과 수리학적인 방법이 있는데, 본 연구에서는 세인트 베난트 방정식을 초기 및 경계조건에 맞게 푸는 수리학적인 방법을 이용하였고, 일반적인 완경사면에서 그 영향이 작아 무시되었던 경사의 영향을 고려한다. 수치해석 과정은 지배방정식에 무차원 매개변수를 도입하여 6점 음해법을 이용하여 해석하였다. 수치실험은 마닝(Manning)의 조도계수 n을 변화시키면서, 각각 검사에서 강우에 의한 평형상태에 도달한 이후의 수심과 유량, kinematic flow 수, 후르드 수, 평형상태 도달시간등 변수 상호간의 관계를 고찰하였다.

• Journal of the KSME
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.322-330
• /
• 1990

2상유동의 물리적 문제는 이상화된 계면형상, 경계 및 초기조건과 연속체공식화를 이용한 지배 및 구속관계에 의해 정립된다. 본 글에서는 2상유동모델의 공식화에 대한 근거와 응용의 제한 성등이 제시되었다. 각 2상유동모델들 사이에는 많은 차이점이 존재하고 이들은 모두 주어진 경우에 적절한 평균화 과정에 의해 유도되었다. 2상유동모델링의 가장 큰 어려움은 구속관계의 개발과 관련되어 있으며 실험적 결과와의 송환과정을 통하여 향상될 수 있을 것이다. 구속 조 건의 개발과 함께 2상유동모델링에 대한 연구는 미시적인 동적해석을 위한 다차원 2-유체모델과 총체적인 계의 거동해석을 위한 1차원 2-유체모델, 혹은 단일유체모델의 분야에서 계속 진행되 어야 할 것이다.

• Progress in Medical Physics
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 2007

A model theory of passive-targeted drug delivery in sphere-shaped solid tumors is introduced on the basis of Fick's law of diffusion, with appropriate boundary and initial conditions. For a uniform initial concentration inside the tumor, the concentration is obtained as a function of time and radial position. The concentration is shown to approach the equilibrium distribution as the time elapses, as is expected by the Gedanken Experiment. The time-evolution rate is found to be determined by the diffusion coefficient of the drug in the tissue, the size of the tumor, the volume of the drug-injected region, and the concentration gradient at the boundary.