• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2005

The APR1400 is an Advanced Pressurized Water Reactor with 3983 MWt power, 2×4 loops, and direct vessel injection system. The Fluidic Device (FD) is adopted to regulate the safety injection flow rate in a Safety Injection Tank (SIT) of APR1400. The performance of a newly designed fluidic Device is evaluated by analyzing a Large Break Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LBLOCA) using TRAC-M/F90, version 3.782. The analysis results show that the TRAC-M code reasonably predicts the important phenomena of blowdown, refill and reflood phases of LBLOCA. The sensitivity studies about gas/water volume changes in a SIT and K factor changes in a SI system were also done to understand the important phenomena with a Fluidic Device in APR1400.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.155-159
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• 2011

본 연구는 만곡수로 외측에 횡월류 위어를 설치하여 곡률반경에 대한 횡월류 유량계수의 특성을 분석하였다. 곡률반경의 변화에 따른 만곡부의 중심각이 180인 수로모형을 설계하였으며, FLOW-3D모형에 적용하여 유량계수를 산정하고 직선 수로와 비교하여 유량계수의 특성을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 난류모형은 RNG-$\in$ 모형을 사용하였으며, 수치기법으로는 유한체적법을 사용하였다. 모형의 적용성 검정을 위해 기존에 연구되었던 수리실험과 동일한 조건의 수치모의를 수행하여 모형의 적용성을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 하폭를 고정시키고 곡률반경를 변화시킴으로써 $R_c/b$의 변화에 따른 유량계수(C)의 변화를 분석하고, 만곡수로의 월류량($Q_{wc}$)에 대한 직선수로의 월류량($Q_{ws}$)의 비, 만곡수로의 평균 월류 수심에 대한 직선수로의 평균 월류 수심($y_{cave}/y_{save}$)과 $R_c/b$의 관계를 분석하였다. 분석결과 유량계수는 상류수심, 월류량, 만곡수로의 곡률반경 등의 변화에 따라 유량계수는 변화하였으며, 직선과 만곡수로에 대해 분석을 수행하였기 때문에 직선수로의 영향인자를 이용하여 만곡수로에 설치된 횡월류 위어의 월류량과 유량계수를 추정 가능할 것이라 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2000

저진공 펌프 제작시 ISO, AVS 등의 국제규격에 ？춤은 필수이고, 도달진공도, 압력구간별·가스별 배기속도, 소음, 기름증기 역류, 압축비 등이 이에 해당된다. 큰 체적의 시험용기가 구비되어 있지 않은 경우에는 배기감압법 대신 일정유량 Q를 흘려 시험용기내에 일정압력 P를 유지시키면서 배기속도를 S=Q/P식으로 구하는 일정압력법을 사용한다. 이 실험은 800~2000 l/min급 유회전 펌프와 드라이 펌프로 압력별 배기속도를 측정, 분석하여 평가방법을 수립하였다. 또 국가 유량 표준기인 sonic nozzle을 reference로 하여, 기존의 유량측정 장비와의 오차를 비교하였다. 온도 상승도를 측정, 압력과의 상관관계를 비교하였고, 오차가 적은 CDG(1, 10, 100torr)를 사용하여, 압력측정의 정확도를 높였다. 비교적 outgassing이 적은 SUS 재질의 chamber를 썼고, 유량조절 장치로 미세누출밸브를 사용하였다.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.59-66
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to estimate the behavior and the mechanism of debris flow on the slope, which has specially various gradient plane. The numerical simulation was performed by using the Finite Differential Element method (FDM) based on the equation for the mass conservation and momentum conservation. The mechanism of flow type for debris flow is divided into three flow types which are stony debris flow, immature debris flow, and turbulent water flow, respectively. First, flow discharge, water flow depth, sediment volume concentration was investigated by variable input of flow discharge at the straight slope angle and two step inclined plane. As the input of flow discharge was decrease, flow discharge and water flow depth was increased, after the first coming debris flow only reached at the downstream. As the input of flow discharge was increased, the curve of flow discharge and flow depth was highly fluctuated. As the results of RMS ratio, the flow discharge and flow depth was lower two step slope angle than the straight slope angle. Second, the behavior of debris flow was investigated by the four cases of gradient degree at the downstream of slope angle. The band width of flow discharge and flow depth for $14^{\circ}$ between $16^{\circ}$ was higher than other gradient degree, and fluctuation curve was continuously high after 10 seconds.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.47 no.12
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• pp.881-889
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• 2019

The pre-swirl system is the device that minimizes energy loss of turbine cooling airflow from the stationary parts into rotating parts. In this paper, an off-design analysis was conducted for the ambient air temperature and turbine load conditions. The discharge coefficient was constant for ambient air temperature and turbine load. However, adiabatic effectiveness was increased. This is due to the volume flow rate. The volume flow rate was increased at higher ambient temperature and higher turbine load. It means that the volume of cooling air was increased and the cooling performance of the air was improved. Consequently, adiabatic effectiveness increased by 30.46% at 100% turbine load compared to 20% turbine load. And increased by 18.42% at 55℃ ambient air temperature compared to -20℃ ambient air temperature.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.109-115
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to estimate the sediment volume concentration of the liquified-solid mixture which is included fine sediment fractions, according to the variance of the channel slope and the water supply. The numerical model was performed by using the Finite Differential Element Method (FDM) based on the equation for the mass conservation, momentum conservation and the equation of coarse sediment an fine sediment. In comparison of varying the channel slope, the deeper the channel slope, the inflection point of the sediment concentration was occurred rapidly. In comparison of variance of the water supply, as the water supply increases fluctuation with high sediment concentration. In this situation, debris flow changes to the turbulent flow and the sediment becomes to be floated. In comparison varying the length paved saturated sediment, the longer the length, the high concentration of sediment occurred, for the safety of the slope it is needed to check the possibility of the erosion in the slope by debris flow. The results of this study will provide useful information in predicting of the disaster by the liquified-solid mixture and in prevention of the debris flow with various the slope in the mountain side.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.99-108
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• 2010

In this study, the characteristics of flow within and around a crossroad connected symmetrically with four roads are numerically analyzed by using a two-dimensional well-balanced HLLC finite volume model. As results of simulations and analyses, the numerical model employed in this study describes relatively well the complex water surface in a crossroad according to the conditions of inflow and road slope. Moreover, the predicted temporal and spatial variations of water depths in a crossroad and outflows at two downstream boundaries agree relatively well with laboratory measurements.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.2 s.28
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• pp.147-152
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• 1998

In this study turbine flowmeters were used to predict volumetric flow rate of each phase in two-phase, gas-liquid, flowing in a vertical tube. To determine volumetric flow rates of two-phase, air-water, flowing vertically upward through the polycarbonate tube(57mm ID-inside diameter), two turbine flow meters were used. For void fraction measurements, two gamma densitometers were used at each location of the turbine flow meter, one at the upstream and the other at the downstream. It was determined that the turbine flowmeter's outputs were a function of actual volumetric flow rate of each of the two phases. A two-phase flow model was developed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.32-39
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• 2005

The effectiveness of the pogo suppression device (PSD) on the response of the piping system simulating the fuel (or oxidizer) supply lines of the rocket engines was investigated. The system response defined as the ratio of the flow rate to the pressure in the main tube was obtained for various PSD gas volumes $((0\~2)\times10^{-3}m^3)$ and three different baffle hole diameters (5, 50, 115mm). Existence of a gas volume in the PSD reduced the system resonance frequency. With a larger gas volume, the resonance frequency became lower, but only slightly, while the fluctuations of the main tube pressure and the flow rate damped down considerably. The resonance frequency decreased with the increase of the PSD inlet restriction (or the decrease of the baffle hole diameter), though slightly. However, with a larger inlet restriction, the PSD pressure wave showed a delayed response with the smaller amplitude compared to the pressure variation in the main tube.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.337-337
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• 2015

홍수 저감, 생태계 복원, 위락 등 다양한 목적의 충족을 위해 강변에 저류지, 즉 다목적 유수지(detention basin)를 조성하는 사례가 나타나고 있다. 하천에서 홍수의 발생으로 수위가 어떤 기준보다 높아지면, 흐름의 일부를 돌려 저류지로 보냄으로써 본류의 부담을 덜 수 있다. 이때, 흐름의 분기를 위해 설치되는 하천구조물 중 하나가 측면 위어(side weir) 또는 횡월류 위어(side discharge/overflow weir)이다. 하천의 계획과 설계에서 위어가 적용될 때, 위어에 대한 수위-유량 관계, 즉 그 형식과 제원에 적합한 유량계수(discharge coefficient)의 결정이 관건이 된다. 일반적인 위어와 달리 흐름 양상이 복잡한 측면 위어의 경우, 이론과 실제의 괴리가 아직까지 해소되지 않아 실물 또는 3차원 수치 모형을 이용한 시험으로 수위-유량 관계를 수립할 필요가 있다. 이렇게 결정된 수위-유량 관계는 1차원 또는 수심적분 2차원 모형의 내부 또는 외부 경계로 사용되며, 본류의 수위 증감에 따른 측면 위어의 횡월류량을 통해 저류지의 홍수 조절 능력을 평가할 수 있다. 이 연구에서는, 측면 위어의 수위-유량 관계가 알려지지 않더라도, 저류지에 의한 홍수 조절 효과를 평가할 수 있는 2차원 수치모의에 대해 검토하였다. 수치해법으로서 2차원 천수방정식에 대해 유한체적법을 적용하고, 흐름률(flux)의 정확한 계산을 위해 근사 Riemann 해법을 도입하였다. 먼저, 측면 위어가 없는 실험 조건에 대해 수로 내 한 측선에서 측정된 수위와 유량을 모의 결과와 비교하여 모형을 검증하였다. 이때, 경계조건으로 상류 끝에 측정 유량을, 하류 끝에 측정 수위를 부여하였으며, Manning의 조도계수를 0.014로 설정하였다. 또한, 측면 위어가 설치된 수로에 대해 계산 영역을 340개의 삼각형 격자로 분할하고 측면 위어가 없는 경우와 동일한 조건을 두어 모의하였다. 측면 위어의 하류에 위치한 측선에서 측정치에 대한 평균 제곱근(root mean square) 오차가 수위에 대해 1.9 mm, 유량에 대해 $2.2{\ell}/s$로서 그림과 같이 모의 결과는 실험의 그것과 잘 일치하였다. 이로써, 측면 위어에 대한 수위-유량 관계의 수립을 위한 실물 모형 시험 없이 수심적분 2차원 수치모의를 통해 저류지의 홍수 조절 효과를 평가할 수 있음이 확인되었다.