• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.232-235
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• 2019

In recent years, Japanese style Chinese Moe-tic Ship personification games have enjoyed success in Korean game market - starting from 'Girl's Frontier' in 2017 to recent 'Azur Lane' in 2018. Their 'all female' characters have overly sexual appearance thus young male adults/adolescents are main consumers of the genre. In this paper, we investigate all 300+ character skins of the game 'Azur Lane' on how much their character illustrates have sexual exposure of the female body for the sexism and how their standard attire have different patterns with respect to the affiliated nationalities. We report that the sexual exposure is highly related to the payable skins including swim suits and there exists some sexual stereotype in characters' attire. Japanese and Chinese characters emphasize their traditional Chipao and Kimono. Japanese also wore school uniforms. German characters wore uniforms the most and many British characters wore maiden uniform. Although this game is classified as adult game, its overly sexualized female characters are harmful for young adults to cause sexual objectification of females.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2007

Objectives: It has been known that the contents of dreams change according to neuro-developmental differences in sex, progression of age and various environments, unlike the established psychoanalytic theory. To investigate the changes, we collected "most recent dream report" and analyzed the contents of dreams by using Hall/Van de Castle System. Method: Most recent dream reports were gathered from age 12-14 years old, 2,673 middle school students (1,544 male 1,129 female) and analyzed those reports using Hall/Van de Castle System. The data were sorted in SAS and dream SAT. Result: There were prominent differences between male and female middle school students in Male/Female Percentage (male/ female；56%/35%), Familiarity Percentage (57%/69%), Aggression/Friendliness Percentage (79%/65%), Befriender Percentage (50%/33%), Physical Aggression Percentage (90%/70%), Indoor Setting Percentage (40%/55%), Negative Emotion Percentage (56%/68%) and Torso/Anatomy Percentage (51%/36%). There were significant differences in Male/Female Percentage (65%/44%), Friendliness, Physical Aggression and Self Negativity Percentage in male and there were significant differences in Friendliness, Familiarity and Friends Percent in female between 1st and 2nd grade. But, it showed much similar dream patterns between 2nd and 3rd grade in both gender. In male, Aggression/Character Index with male character is significantly increased by 2nd grade (1st/ 2nd/ 3rd；0.48/ 1.04/0.98), In female, Friendliness/Character Index with male character had significantly decreased by 2nd grade (0.38/ 0.19/0.20). Conclusion: There were apparent differences between age 12-14 years old male and female. Male adolescents have differences mostly in categories related with aggression, but female adolescents have differences in categories related with environment or character. It shows that developmental level of male are slower than female as of yet and male needs more active interpersonal relationship to find identity. Otherwise, the influences of passive attitude and actual circumferential environment are reflected in female's dream. There are no prominent differences among ages, but age 12-13 years old adolescents shows significant differences in interacting with the other gender. It means that circumferential environment and interpersonal relationship affect the contents of dreams and also the cognitive development related to age and sex. Afterwards, the development of dreams could be better understood through the neurocognitive study and dream analysis between other ages and nations.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.264-274
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• 2016

It is a trend that carbonated drink intake among adolescents is increasing, which makes young people more vulnerable to dental erosion. However, in Korea, public knowledge about dental erosion is very insufficient. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental erosion and to assess its risk indicators among 13-15 years old students in Yangsan, Korea. A total of 1,371 adolescents were examined by one calibrated clinician. Dental erosion was assessed by using the Visual Erosion Dental Examination system. Correlation between their dietary habit, oral hygiene and dental erosion was assessed. The data showed that 676 (49.3%) adolescents had dental erosion. The prevalence of dental erosion was significantly higher in females than in males. The prevalence of tooth erosion in mandible is higher than in maxilla. Dental erosion was generalized to develop mostly on anterior teeth, especially lateral incisor, however, the severity score was highest in canines. Following questionnaire analysis, dental erosion was significantly associated with milk and flavored milk. No other associations were detected. The prevalence of dental erosion in this study is higher than those of previous reports. On the contrary to previously reported studies, the prevalence of dental erosion in females is higher than in males.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.47-60
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• 2020

서론: 청소년기는 여러 생물학적 변화 및 사고방식의 발전과 함께 성행위가 나타나기 시작하는 인간성장의 단계이다. 쿠바를 포함한 많은 라틴아메리카 국가들은 청소년들의 성관계 조기 시작과 같은 위험한 성행동을 보고해 왔다. 이 연구의 목적은 사회 인구 통계학적 요소, 정보 수단 및 쿠바의 십대 학생의 성적 행동에 영향을 미치는 행동 요소 사이의 관계를 확립하는 것이다. 방법: 본 연구를 위해 쿠바 십대들의 생식 및 성적 행동 경향 파악을 위해 설문조사를 실시했다. 전체 260명 중 성경험 여부에 응답한 232명에 대해 인구사회학적 특성의 파악과 성 관련 정보수집수단, 행동적 요인과 성행동 사이의 연관성분석을 위해 회귀분석을 실시했다. 결과: 대상자들의 평균 연령은 16.9세이고 대다수는 여성(64.2%)이었다. 232명 중에 45.3%는 무신론자, 31.2%는 유신론자이었다. 종교의 중요도에 대한 생각은 39.2%가 종교가 중요하지 않다고 응답했고 34.0%는 중요하다고, 14.0%는 종교가 매우 중요하다고 응답했다. 응답자 232명 중 80.5%의 십대들이 성관계 경험이 있다고 하였으며 첫 성관계 평균 연령은 14.65세였다. 피임약을 사용한 비율은 63.8%이었다. 인구사회학적 특성 중에 성별은 성관계와 통계적으로 유의미한 연관성을 나타냈으며, 남성은 여성보다 성관계를 가질 가능성이 3.8 배 더 높았다. 또한, 종교는 성관계와 관련이 없었다. 그러나 나이는 통계적으로 유의미한 것으로 나타났으며, 나이가 한 살 많아질수록 성관계 가능성은 2.29배 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 성 관련 정보수집수단과 관련하여 친구와 학교의 성교육 커리큘럼이 청소년들의 성행동을 결정하는 중요한 요인이었다. 결론: 쿠바 십대들의 연령과 성별은 성행동의 중요한 결정요인으로 나타났다. 또한, 쿠바의 십대들은 친구와 학교로부터 성에 대한 정보를 수집하고 있으므로 학교에서 보다 종합적인 성교육 프로그램을 만드는 등의 십대들의 성행동 문제를 다룰 때 영향요인들을 고려해야 할 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2015

Objective:To review the patterns of the dermatologic consultations of psychiatric adolescent inpatient and to explore the relationship between the dermatologic disorders and psychiatric disorders. Methods:We retrospectively studied the data from 22 cases referred by psychiatric adolescent for a dermatologic consultation over 10 years in Daegu Catholic University Medical Center and compared with the data from 108 cases referred by the other department adolescent patients. Results:The mean age of patients was 15.9. The male to female ratio was 1:1.44. The most common psychiatric and dermatologic disorder was major depressive disorder and acne, respectively. The most frequent reason for consultation was to ask for dermatologic disease or condition(54.5%) followed by to perform cosmetic procedure of patients need(40.9%) and to perform dermatologic test(4.6%). Conclusions:More than just a cosmetic disfigurement, dermatologic disorders are associated with a variety of psychopathologic problems that can affect the patient. Increased understanding of biopsychosocial approaches and liaison among psychiatrists and dermatologists could be beneficial.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.449-464
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• 2019

Purpose: North Koreans could be at higher risk for their bone health because of previous periods of severe famine and the continuing low availability of food. This study determined the bone mineral density (BMD) status and its relationship with dietary behaviors and nutrient intake of North Korean refugees (NKR) in South Korea (SK). Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 110 female NKR from a NORNS cohort of a non-probability sample of adult NKR in Seoul. BMD examined by DEXA was used to divide participants into the normal group (NG) and the non-normal group (NNG) according to the WHO guideline. A self-administered questionnaire included questions on age, the socioeconomic situation in North Korea (NK) and SK, the food security in NK and SK, and the health behaviors, dietary behaviors, and food frequency questionnaire administered in SK. A one-day 24-hr recall was conducted and the results were analyzed by using CanPro. SPSS was used to analyze whether BMD and related dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes differed according to the groups. Results: NG (62.7%) was significantly younger and had a lower abdominal obesity score than NNG (p < 0.001). While 14.5% of NG reported experiencing menopause, all of NNG reported experiencing menopause. The NG more frequently consumed the dairy group of foods (9.6 times a week) than did the NNG (4.8 times a week) after the statistics were adjusted for age (p < 0.007). The NG consumed significantly more animal protein and animal calcium than did the NNG (p = 0.01, p = 0.009, respectively). Calcium intake was low with 49.3% of NG, and 78.0% of the NNG reported consuming calcium lower than the estimated average requirement. Only calcium showed an index of nutrient quality lower than one in both groups. Conclusion: These results showed that NKR women and possibly all North Korean women are at high risk for bone health and they consumed low levels of bone-related nutrients, and this should be considered for the nutrition policy for NKR and North Korea.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.5-28
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• 2010

This study is to examine the process of divorce and remarriage as well as the remarried life after divorce of Korean immigrants in Chicago area. Researchers interviewed in depth 9 remarried Korean immigrants with adolescent stepchildren: 7 women and 2 men. The qualitative interview scripts were analyzed and categorized by case study methods. The case analysis revealed 17 subcategories resulting in 5 core categories: reasons for divorce, remarriage as new choice of life, conflicts in remarried life, coping resources, and stable stage of remarried life. Based on these results, possible intervention strategies were suggested for the social workers working with remarried Korean immigrants.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.77-80
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• 2014

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2) meningitis primarily develops during or following a primary genital HSV2 infection that was acquired from sexual contact or through the birth canal during delivery from mother. We describe a 15 year old virgin without history of previous herpes simplex infection who developed 2 episodes of HSV2 meningitis. Although recurrent meningitis due to HSV is primarily seen in young or sexually active adults. HSV2 meningitis should be in the differential diagnosis of recurrent meningitis in adolescent patients.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.485-515
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to explore bullying among senior women at a senior center. Using ethnographic research technique, we examined the process in which members of the senior center engaged in and responded to bullying. Purposive sampling method was used to choose a senior center as the subject of this study. Within the center, 16 senior women participated in the study. In-depth interviews and participatory research methods were used to collect data. We analyzed the transcripts of the interviews based on the ethnographic analysis method presented by Spradley (1979). Themes that emerged from these participatory research and interviews include: members of the senior center creating loners, people being bullied causing damages to the group, taking actions to respond to bullying, and failing to solve the bullying problems. First, the victims of bullying became loners with no one to rely on through other members' verbal attacks, discrimination, isolation, and stopping the victim to use the senior center. Second, the victims were under attack but also caused troubles at the senior center and harmed others at the same time. Third, while engaging in bullying, senior women attempted to deal with bullying problems in many ways. These attempts include: avoiding the conflict, withstanding, attempting to mediating, and so on. Finally, bullying remained to be a recurring phenomenon at the senior center. New victims of bullying continuously appeared and the influence of bullying was felt not only within the senior center but outside as well. Based on the findings of this study, we suggest that practitioners and researchers take into account factors that affect bullying among senior women.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.157-161
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• 2012

Streptococcus anginosus is a member of Streptococcus milleri group, and is found in the oral mucosa, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract as normal flora. It can develop into a disease in patients with deteriorating clinical condition or with clinical risk factors. A previously healthy 15-year-old boy was admitted due to fever, abdominal discomfort and vomiting which lasted for 7 days. He had a history of dental procedure 1 day before the development of fever. He was diagnosed with acute acalculous cholecystitis based on the clinical, laboratory, and imaging finding, and S. anginosus was isolated from the blood culture. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotic therapy.