• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2000

Heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb) were determined in ninety-one surface sediments collected from Kwangyang Bay, south coast of Korea. The data show that the Fe, Cr, Ni, and Zn distribution in the bay can be described by metal vs. grain size relationship. However, the distribution pattern of Mn, Co, Cu and Pb were found to be changed because they are anthropogenically enriched to sediment. Correlation matrix and R-mode factor analyses revealed that two important factors controlling the distribution of metals in the bay are grain size and anthropogenic input.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) and Mineral Resources Authority of Mongolia (MRAM) performed test drilling in the right side of Deposit 2 in Ugii Nuur Fe-Mn occurrence area, Mongolia. It was decided to perform the drilling with 65 degree of drilling angle due to the technological limit of low angle drilling and designed to find ore bodies in cores between 50 m and 70 m. Ore bodies were found in lower depths than expected probably due to the folds in the subsurface in three drilling sites other than drilling position 3. Ore body in drilling position 3 was found in the similar depths with the expected depths. In drilling position 1, high Fe bearing ore body (more than 40%) was found between 47.45 and 50 m and between 56.35 and 57.1 m. The rest of ore body in drilling position 1 and ore bodies in other three sites have low Fe contents with about 10% of Fe. In drilling position 1, maximum and average Mn contents are about 10% and 1%, respectively, and in other three sites, average Mn contents are about 0.2%. Whereas Mn contents are low, Fe and Mn contents show very similar variations with varying depths, suggesting that they were moved and concentrated together in the ore genesis process. Proved resources estimated for the ore bodies confirmed by drilling are Fe 231,661 tonne with 11.82% of the average Fe grade. Possible resources supposing that ore bodies of DP-1 and DP-2 are connected and those of DP-3 and DP-4 are connected are Fe 4,415,296 tonne with 11.82% of the average Fe grade. The possibility of development of this area based on the estimated resources is low because the ore grade is low.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.43-50
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• 2001

Characteristics of crushing and magnetic separation on the spent batteries, were investigated for reclaiming spent carbon-zinc and alkaline manganese dioxide batteries. Crushing of carbon zinc battery was easier than that of alkaline $MnO_2$battery using impact type crusher with rotary blades. Most of magnetic products were distributed in the range of 8 mesh size. With crushing 1 ton of spent carbon-zinc and alkaline $MnO_2$batteries respectively, magnetic separation of 8 mesh oversize particles, we can get 214 kg and 235 kg of magnetic products which is composed of 94% and 88% of Fe.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.20-26
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• 2001

Sulfuric acid leaching of Mn, Co and Fe from spent petrochemical catalyst was performed using hydrogen peroxide as a reducing agent. Low extraction of Mn, Co and Fe was obtained by only sulfuric acid. When hydrogen peroxide were added as a reducing agent, the high extraction of these metals could be obtained. Different from ordinary leaching, the extraction per-centages of metal components decreased with elevating leaching temperature in this process. Under the optimum condition, the extraction percentages of Mn, Co and Fe were 93.0% , 87.0% and 100% respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.285-290
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• 1990

The mineral contents of Japonica(34 varieties) and J/Indica(25 varieties) brown rices sho-wed that phosphorus an magnesium contents were statistically different. However iron and magnesium contents were significantly different between Japonica and J/Indica milled rices. The coefficients of variance for minerals of brown and milled rices were lowever in J/Indica than Faponica Barieties. The contents of calcium magnesium iron copper manganese and zinc of Japonica brown rices were positively correlated with those of milled rices. on the other hand J/Indica brown rices had a positive correlation with milled rices in calcium copper manganese and zinc and a negative correlation in iron. Milled rices of both Japonica and J/Indica varieties showed similar results in terms of correlation among minerals.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 1992

Experiment has been performed to investigate the thermal and magnetic properties of Mn-ferrite by electrolysis. Using the 0.2%C mild steel as soluble anode and SUS 304 stainless steel as cathode, Mn-ferrite could be made from the sulfuric acid leaching of the wasted manganese dry cell and $MnSO_4$reagent by electrolysis. As the result of X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and magnetic measurement, Mn-ferrite was the spinel type in $Mn_{x}Fe_{3-x}O_4$ (X=1), the weight loss rate of $Mn_{x}Fe_{3-x}O_4$ were linearly increased up to the $200^{\circ}C$. Ms, Mr and Hc values were decreased with increasing Mn content and heating temperature. When Mn-ferrite was formed by $MnCl_2$reagent electrolysis, Ms values were higher than those formed from the sulfuric acid leaching of the wasted manganese dry cell and $MnSO_4$reagent by electrolysis. In Mn-ferrite, which was formed from the sulfuric acid leaching of the wasted manganese dry cell by electrolysis, Ms and Mr values were higher, Hc values were lower than which was formed by $MnSO_4$ reagent electrolysis at $200^{\circ}C\;and\;300^{\circ}C, while the same values at $100^{\circ}C$. The shape of particles was spherical type, the sizes of them were about $0.1{\mu}m$ sub-micron in $MnSO_4$reagent electrolysis, $0.5{\mu}m$ in the sulfuric acid leaching of the wasted manganese dry cell by electrolysis.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.199-202
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• 1999

The experiment was conducted to find changes of growth response, free proline content and organic acids on manganese chloride toxicity($4,000mg\;l^{-1}$) for germination and early growth in rice. Root growth was increased in kinetin $10^{-3}M$ compared with control and germination rate was also increased in kinetin $10^{-3}M$ as 89%. Chlorophyll contents was slightly increased in kinetin $10^{-3}M$. Free proline content at 3days in Mn $4,000mg\;l^{-1}$ was higher than at 7 and 10 days, and all kinetin concentrations promoted free proline content. In organic acids, particularly, malic acid was remarkably increased in kinetin $10^{-3}M$ compared with control and Mn $4,000mg\;l^{-1}$.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.11-21
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• 2013

In-situ test to find the change of $Fe^{2+}$ and $Mn^{2+}$ concentrations and ion contents in groundwater was conducted during two pumping tests at the riverbank filtration site, where is the riverine area of the Nakdong River in Changnyeong-Gun. Groundwater was sampled at one pumping well and 10 monitoring wells during a 5 steps drawdown pumping test with the rates from $500m^3/day$ to $900m^3/day$ and a constant pumping test with $800m^3/day$. The change in ion concentration of groundwater was more remarkable during a step drawdown pumping test than a constant pumping test. Especially, the decrease in $Fe^{2+}$ and $Mn^{2+}$ concentrations was distinct in a step drawdown pumping test and it happens predominantly along the direction that the radius of pumping influence was small due to a good aquifer connectivity to a pumping position. The precipitation and the oxidation of iron and manganese were caused by an air inflow and a disturbance in groundwater flow due to an abrupt change in pumping rate. The pumping rate and spatial distribution of an aquifer around a pumping well need to be considered as an important factor for the development of in-situ iron and manganese treatment technology.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.166-169
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• 1999

The experiment was conducted to find the changes of early growth and chemical components such as chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, free proline content on the different manganese chloride concentration(2,500, 3,500 and 4,500ppm) in rice seedling. Root growth was decreased in highest concentration, 4,500 ppm of Mn compared with the control and germination rate was also decreased 43% at 4,500 ppm of Mn. Chlorophyll content was decreased at Mn 4,500ppm with 1.16mg. Free proline content at 3 day after germination in Mn 4,500ppm was highest relative to the other manganese chloride concentrations. SOD activity was gradually increased as manganese chloride concentration was increased. As a result, it was suggested that an increment of free proline and SOD activity results from the higher manganese chloride concentration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.149-149
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• 2017