• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.47-75
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• 2023

Compared to the EU, which legislates the Carbon Border Adjustment System (CBAM), the United States' carbon border adjustment policy movement is still relatively slow. Recently, however, a related bill has been proposed in the United States, and research institutes have been presenting research results on how to introduce an upstream carbon tax rather than an emission trading system and carry out carbon border adjustment based on it. Therefore, in this study, we looked at the economic and environmental effects of introducing this type of upstream carbon tax and carbon border adjustment in Korea. If an upstream carbon tax of KRW 30,000 per ton of CO₂ is applied to the net supply of domestic fossil energy, the expected carbon tax revenue is approximately KRW 22.9961 trillion, equivalent to about 5.7% of the total revenue of the Korean government of KRW 402 trillion in 2019. In addition, the carbon dioxide content of the steel sector, calculated based on the energy supply and demand status of the steel sector, which emits the most greenhouse gas emissions in Korea and has a considerable amount of overseas exports, was 106.22 million tons of CO₂. On the other hand, assuming that the upstream carbon tax of 30,000 won per ton of CO₂ embodied is directly passed on to the production cost of the steel sector, the carbon tax burden in the steel sector is estimated to reach approximately KRW 3.1865 trillion. Even after deducting KRW 1.1599 trillion in export refunds estimated by using the share of exports of steel products, the net carbon tax burden on steel products for domestic demand amounts to KRW 2.0266 trillion, which is analyzed to act as a factor in increasing the price of steel products.

• 발명특허
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• v.18 no.1 s.203
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• pp.46-50
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• 1993

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5601-5609
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• 2012

The fine particulate matter($PM_{10}$) concentrations and contents were measured to check the health and environment influential factors in Pohang Iron and Steel Industrial Complex and its vicinities. In addition, the $PM_{10}$ distribution for each year and season was surveyed using the regional air quality monitoring stations. The measuring on the $PM_{10}$ inside the industrial complex showed $61.3{\pm}12.1{\mu}g/m^3$ for average concentration of $PM_{10}$ which was measured by Dongil Industry and $44.3{\pm}8.1{\mu}g/m^3$ measured by steel manufacturing industry complex management office. Both of them satisfied the environmental air quality standard. The percentage of $SO_4{^2}$, $NO_3{^-}$, $NH_4{^+}$ which are the secondary ions created out of the $PM_{10}$ in Dongil Industry and steel manufacturing industry complex management office was checked and it was revealed that the percentage of ${SO_4}^{2-}$ was high and it is considered that the pollution source related with the sulfides exist at the industrial complex. They were in order of ${SO_4}^{2-}$ > $Cl^-$ > $NO_3{^-}$ > $F^-$ > $NH_4{^+}$ in Dongil Industry and ${SO_4}^{2-}$ > $Cl^-$ > $NO_3{^-}$ > $NH_4{^+}$ > $F^-$ in steel manufacturing industry complex management office.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.419-427
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to recycle steel slag generated from the iron producing process and to use steel slag as a construction material which is currently landfilled Steel slag is subjected to aging treatment due to the problem of expansion and collapse when it reacts with water. The Slag Atomizing Technology (SAT) method developed to solve these problems of expanding collapse of steel slag. In this study, experimental study on the emergency repair mortar using the reducing slag, electric arc furnace slag and silicon manganese slag manufactured by the SAT method is Reduced slag was shown an accelerated hydration when it was replaced with rapidly-setting cement, and the rate of substitution was equivalent to 15%. It is shown that the electric furnace oxide slag is equivalent to 100% of the natural aggregate, and it can be replaced by 15-30% when the silicon manganic slag is substituted for the electric furnace oxide slag. With the above formulation, it was possible to design the rapidly repair mortar for road use. These recycling slags can contribute on achieving sustainability of construction industry by reducing the use of cement and natural aggregates and by reducing the generation of carbon dioxide and recycling waste slag.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.177-208
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• 2011

This article examines that how in-house subcontract has been introduced and developed in metal industry in 1970s, focusing typical workplaces in steel industry. That was essential for the capital to insure control mechanism for large number of laborer because of mobilizing a large scale of capital in industrialization of heavy metal industry. In case of Pohang steel industry, this necessity was fulfilled by introduction and imitation of Japanese personnel management by being included of Japanese economic hinterland. This was embodied in both constructing internal labor market for regular workers and introducing in-house subcontracting system for contingent workers at workplaces. This was exceptional comparing in-house subcontracting system in Korean steel industry with in-house subcontracting system in advanced economies, because of disappearing in-house subcontracting system by making internal labor market. And this was closely linked by late development of Korea. Implications of Pohang steel company's case are as follows : first, late development effect in formation of employment system, second, in linking informality of Korean employment system. This implications mean that in-house subcontracting in steel industry is structured as mechanism for personnel management in large factory being influenced by industrialization of heavy industry. In this point, improvements which include wide economic solution beyond labor solution for present problem of in-house subcontracting system is desirable.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.31-41
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• 2022

Steel is one of the most fundamental components to mechanical industry. However, the quality of products are greatly impacted by the surface defects in the steel. Thus, researchers pay attention to the need for surface defects detector and the deep learning methods are the current trend of object detector. There are still limitations and rooms for improvements, for example, related works focus on developing the models but don't take into account real-time application with practical implication on industrial settings. In this paper, a real-time application of steel surface defects detection based on YOLOv4 is proposed. Firstly, as the aim of this work to deploying model on real-time application, we studied related works on this field, particularly focusing on one-stage detector and YOLO algorithm, which is one of the most famous algorithm for real-time object detectors. Secondly, using pre-trained Yolov4-Darknet platform models and transfer learning, we trained and test on the hot rolled steel defects open-source dataset NEU-DET. In our study, we applied our application with 4 types of typical defects of a steel surface, namely patches, pitted surface, inclusion and scratches. Thirdly, we evaluated YOLOv4 trained model real-time performance to deploying our system with accuracy of 87.1 % mAP@0.5 and over 60 fps with GPU processing.

• ICROS
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.25-34
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• 2015

철강산업의 플랜트 엔지니어링에서 투자비와 공기를 저감하기 위해 Virtual Factory 기술 적용이 확대되고 있다. Virtual Factory 기술은 엔지니어링 프로세스의 설계 및 제작 단계에서 설비 간섭, 분해, 설치, 검증 등 기계 요소를 테스트하고, 시운전, 운영 및 유지보수 단계에서 제어 프로그램 검증, 운전 훈련 등 제어 요소를 테스트하기 위하여 컴퓨터 기반의 가상 플랜트를 구성하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하는 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 제어 요소 테스트를 위한 시뮬레이션 기술로서 가상 시운전 시스템과 가상 훈련 시스템의 기술 및 개발 동향을 소개한다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 1996

냉간압연유는 종래보다 극심한 압연하중 및 압연속도 조건하에서도 Roll과 압연강판간의 균일한 윤활피막을 형성시켜 Heat Scratch를 방지시키고, 여러가지 종류의 압연기 특성과 압연조건에 맞는 윤활 및 마찰상태를 부여시켜 안정된 조업을 유지시켜야 한다. 또한 최근 우리나라뿐만 아니라 국제적인 환경 추세에 부응하여 기본적인 압연윤활성 및 마찰특성이외에 작업환경 개선(Mill Clean화, 폐수처리용이성, 생분해성), 보다 우수한 강판표면 품질(Oil Stain, 이물 Mark, 광택성 등)을 생산할 수 있는 특성을 나타내어야 한다. 본 보에서는 이와같은 철강용 냉간압연유의 전반적인 동향에 대해 기술코져 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.98-99
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• 2000

금속가구란 가구의 구성 프레임이 금속재(철강, 알루미늄, 청동 등)로 된 가구를 말하며, 실제로 금속가구에 사용되는 주요 소재로 철강재가 많이 사용돼 금속가구를 통상 철제가구라고도 부른다. 국내의 연간 가구생산량의 71.5%가 목제가구이며, 금속제 가구가 28.5%를 차지하고 있다. (중략)

• 해운
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• no.9 s.66
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• pp.20-25
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• 2009

최근 철강 원료업계의 대규모 구조개편 움직임이 재부상하고 있으며, 과거와는 다른 특징을 가지며 전개되고 있다. BHP빌리톤과 Rio Tinto의 철광석 JV 설립 합의를 비롯하여, 철광석 및 원료탄 업계에서 메이저업체 간 합종연횡이 신조류로 등장했다. 이에 따라 현재의 장기가격 체제가 붕괴되고 최대 소비국인 중국과 메이저 원료사의 주도로 가격 체제가 다양한 형태로 변화될 전망이다. 다음은 포스코경영연구소가 발표한 보고서를 정리한 것이다.