• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 1999

한국 남해 연근해에서 어획된 12종의 주요 어류 (표$\cdot$중층회유어 5종; 멸치, 숭어, 전어, 방어, 고등어: 연안암초어 3종:조피볼낙, 참돔, 감성돔: 저서어 4종: 도다리, 붕장어, 넙치, 말쥐치)를 대상으로 하여 그들의 지질 및 총지방산 조성비의 계절변화를 검토하였다. NL의 주요 조성은 TG 및 ST이었으며, TG조성비는 TL함량과 로그함수로 정의 상관관계 (r=0.91, p<0.001)를 나타내었다. PL의 주요 조성은 PC와 PE였으며, 양자의 조성비는 TL 함량이 적은 어종에서 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 시험된 어류의 주요지방산은 16:0($19.5\pm1.99\%$), DHA($16.6\pm7.46\%$), 18:1 (n-9) ($15.8\pm8.39\%$), EPA ($8.46\pm3.70\%$), 16:1 (n-7) ($7.06\pm3.08\%$), 14:0 ($3.80\pm2.15\%$) 등이었다. 이들 주요 지방산중 MUFA인 18:1 (n-9)와 16:1 (n-7)의 조성비의 변화는 TL 함량 변화와 비례하였으나, PUFA인 DHA와 EPA의 조성비의 변화는 TL 함량 변화와 역비례하였다. 한편 이들 MUFA와 PUFA 조성비와의 변화 사이에는 로그함수로 역의 상관관계 (r=-0.87, p<0.001)를 나타냈다. 그러나 SFA(16: 0)의 조성비는 계절에 따른 지질함량 변동의 영향을 거의 받지 않았다. 또한 EPA 및 DHA의 함량은 지질함량과 정의 상관관계(r=0.95, p<0.001)를 보였다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.223-233
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• 2006

2001년 4월부터 10월 사이에 돌산도 율림 앞바다, 2002년 4월부터 10월 사이에 연도 앞바다, 그리고 2003년 4월부터 12월 사이에 돌산도 임포 먼바다에서 정치망에 어획된 수산생물의 일일 어획자료를 이용하여 종조성과 양적 변동을 파악하고, 연도별, 장소간 종조성을 분석하였다. 2001~2003년에 여수 해역에서 정치망에 의해 삼치(Scomberomorus niphonius), 방어류 (Seriola spp.), 갈치(Trichiurus lepturus), 멸치 (Engraulis japonicus), 줄삼치(Sarda orientalis), 살오징어(Todarodes pacificus), 덕대(Pampus echinogaster), 밴댕이(Sardinella zunasi), 고등어(Scomber japonicus), 황아귀(Lophius litulon), 꼴뚜기(Loligo beka) 등이 양적으로 우세하게 어획되어 여수해역에서 정치망으로 어획된 어류의 종조성은 주로 표영성 어류가 대부분을 차지하였다. 연안역에서는 밴댕이, 덕대, 양태 (Platycephalus indicus), 꼴뚜기, 외해역에서는 삼치, 방어류, 갈치, 덕대, 살오징어, 검복(Takifugu porphyreus), 참돔(Pagrus major)의 표영성 주거종 (pelagic resident species)이 우세하였으며, 멸치는 남해 전체에서 계절적으로 연안과 외해를 이동하는 대표적인 우점종이었다. 봄에 연안에 밴댕이와 멸치가, 수심이 보다 깊은 외해에는 내유하는 멸치와 황아귀, 방어류 등 대상으로 어기가 시작되어 여름에 갈치, 삼치, 고등어, 방어류, 줄삼치, 덕대, 살오징어 등의 외양종이 연안과 외해에 회유하여 어획량이 높았다. 가을에는 연안에서 삼치, 멸치, 꼬치고기 (Sphyraena pinguis), 독가시치 (Siganus fuscescens), 주둥치 (Leiognathus nuchalis) 등이 우점하였고, 외해에서는 삼치, 덕대, 학공치(Hyporhamphus sajori), 고등어, 갈치 등이 여름에 이어 계속 출현하였으나 어획량은 감소하는 온대 해역의 전형적인 계절성을 보였다. 남해안에서 정치망에 어획된 출현종은 대부분 부어류이었으며 그 변화 정도가 심하였으나, 대형정치망 일일 어획자료은 부어류 종조성의 계절변동을 분석하는데 유의한 의미를 가질 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

다금바리, 자바리 및 능성어는 농어목(Perciformes Order) 바리과(Serranidae Family)에 속하며, 고급횟감으로 인기가 높은 어종이다. 자바리 및 능성어의 경우 몸통부분에 줄무늬가 선명하게 있으나 성어가 되면서 점차 불분명해지는 특징이 있어 무늬의 유무로 인하여 다금바리와 구별하기는 쉽지 않다. 또한 자바리는 제주도에서 다금바리라는 명칭으로 불리고 있으며, 일부 유통업자들이 자바리 및 능성어를 다금바리로 유통시키는 사례가 있어 종 특이 프라이머를 이용한 판별법을 마련하게 되었다. 종 특이 프라이머를 설계하기 위하여 유전자은행(www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)에 등록되어있는 다금바리(Accession No. AY947575), 자바리(Accession No. JN603832), 능성어(Accession No. AY947559), 우럭(Accession No. DQ678295) 등의 16S DNA부위의 염기서열을 대상으로 하였으며 비교 및 분석에는 소프트웨어인 BioEdit ver. 7.0.9.0 프로그램을 사용하였다. 그 결과 다금바리, 자바리, 능성어를 판별할 수 있는 각각의 NS-003-F/NS-005-R(136 bp), EB-001-F/EB-002-R(181 bp), ES-001-F/ES-001-R(123 bp) 프라이머를 개발하였으며, PCR 조건을 확립하였다. 또한 적용성 검토를 위하여 우럭, 참돔을 대상으로 실시한 결과 비 특이적 밴드가 형성되지 않는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 다금바리 등에 대한 판별법은 시중에 불법적으로 유통 가능성이 있는 제품을 신속하고 과학적으로 판별할 수 있어 식품안전관리에 활용도가 매우 클 것으로 기대된다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.75-90
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• 2003

When we think of fundamental problems of the aquaculture industry, there are several strict conditions, and consequently the aquaculture industry is forced to change. Fish aquaculture has a structural supply surplus in production, aggravation of fishing grounds, stagnant low price due to recent recession, and drastic change of distribution circumstances. It is requested for us to initiate discussion on such issue as “how fish aquaculture establishes its status in the coastal fishery\ulcorner, will fish aquaculture grow in the future\ulcorner, and if so “how it will be restructured\ulcorner” The above issues can be observed in the mariculture of yellow tail, sea scallop and eel. But there have not been studied concerning seabream even though the production is over 30% of the total production of fish aquaculture in resent and it occupied an important status in the fish aquaculture. The objectives of this study is to forecast the future movement of sea bream aquaculture. The first goal of the study is to contribute to managerial and economic studies on the aquaculture industry. The second goal is to identify the factors influencing the competition between production areas and to identify the mechanisms involved. This study will examine the competitive power in individual producing area, its behavior, and its compulsory factors based on case study. Producing areas will be categorized according to following parameters : distance to market and availability of transportation, natural environment, the time of formation of producing areas (leaderㆍfollower), major production items, scale of business and producing areas, degree of organization in production and sales. As a factor in shaping the production area of sea bream aquaculture, natural conditions especially the water temperature is very important. Sea bream shows more active feeding and faster growth in areas located where the water temperature does not go below 13∼14$^{\circ}C$ during the winter. Also fish aquaculture is constrained by the transporting distance. Aquacultured yellowtail is a mass-produced and a mass-distributed item. It is sold a unit of cage and transported by ship. On the other hand, sea bream is sold in small amount in markets and transported by truck; so, the transportation cost is higher than yellow tail. Aquacultured sea bream has different product characteristics due to transport distance. We need to study live fish and fresh fish markets separately. Live fish was the original product form of aquacultured sea bream. Transportation of live fish has more constraints than the transportation of fresh fish. Death rate and distance are highly correlated. In addition, loading capacity of live fish is less than fresh fish. In the case of a 10 ton truck, live fish can only be loaded up to 1.5 tons. But, fresh fish which can be placed in a box can be loaded up to 5 to 6 tons. Because of this characteristics, live fish requires closer location to consumption area than fresh fish. In the consumption markets, the size of fresh fish is mainly 0.8 to 2kg.Live fish usually goes through auction, and quality is graded. Main purchaser comes from many small-sized restaurants, so a relatively small farmer and distributer can sell it. Aquacultured sea bream has been transacted as a fresh fish in GMS ,since 1993 when the price plummeted. Economies of scale works in case of fresh fish. The characteristics of fresh fish is as follows : As a large scale demander, General Merchandise Stores are the main purchasers of sea bream and the size of the fish is around 1.3kg. It mainly goes through negotiation. Aquacultured sea bream has been established as a representative food in General Merchandise Stores. GMS require stable and mass supply, consistent size, and low price. And Distribution of fresh fish is undertook by the large scale distributers, which can satisfy requirements of GMS. The market share in Tokyo Central Wholesale Market shows Mie Pref. is dominating in live fish. And Ehime Pref. is dominating in fresh fish. Ehime Pref. showed remarkable growth in 1990s. At present, the dealings of live fish is decreasing. However, the dealings of fresh fish is increasing in Tokyo Central Wholesale Market. The price of live fish is decreasing more than one of fresh fish. Even though Ehime Pref. has an ideal natural environment for sea bream aquaculture, its entry into sea bream aquaculture was late, because it was located at a further distance to consumers than the competing producing areas. However, Ehime Pref. became the number one producing areas through the sales of fresh fish in the 1990s. The production volume is almost 3 times the production volume of Mie Pref. which is the number two production area. More conversion from yellow tail aquaculture to sea bream aquaculture is taking place in Ehime Pref., because Kagosima Pref. has a better natural environment for yellow tail aquaculture. Transportation is worse than Mie Pref., but this region as a far-flung producing area makes up by increasing the business scale. Ehime Pref. increases the market share for fresh fish by creating demand from GMS. Ehime Pref. has developed market strategies such as a quick return at a small profit, a stable and mass supply and standardization in size. Ehime Pref. increases the market power by the capital of a large scale commission agent. Secondly Mie Pref. is close to markets and composed of small scale farmers. Mie Pref. switched to sea bream aquaculture early, because of the price decrease in aquacultured yellou tail and natural environmental problems. Mie Pref. had not changed until 1993 when the price of the sea bream plummeted. Because it had better natural environment and transportation. Mie Pref. has a suitable water temperature range required for sea bream aquaculture. However, the price of live sea bream continued to decline due to excessive production and economic recession. As a consequence, small scale farmers are faced with a market price below the average production cost in 1993. In such kind of situation, the small-sized and inefficient manager in Mie Pref. was obliged to withdraw from sea bream aquaculture. Kumamoto Pref. is located further from market sites and has an unsuitable nature environmental condition required for sea bream aquaculture. Although Kumamoto Pref. is trying to convert to the puffer fish aquaculture which requires different rearing techniques, aquaculture technique for puffer fish is not established yet.