• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.325-350
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• 2007

This study investigated global and local characteristics of eye movement while 16 college students read 48 easy Korean sentences. It was found that readers lusted for about 225ms at the word cluster(eojeol), made a forward saccade of about 3.6 characters to the next word, skipped short and high-frequent words about 25% during the first-pass reading, and regressed backward at 19%. There were also individual differences in readers' pattern of fixation and saccade. In addition, the effects of word cluster length and word frequency and the effects related to landing position were examined. The eyes landed on the center of a word cluster more frequently than on the boundaries. When the eyes landed at the boundaries, the eyes fixated the word cluster again more frequently. The word clusters with high-frequency words were read faster than those with low-frequency words.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.481-503
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• 2010

In the present study, we examined global and local characteristics of eye movements while 17 Korean third-graders read a Korean story and an expository text. In story reading, children fixated for about 213ms at an eojeol(word cluster), made a forward saccade of about 3.6 characters to the next eojeol, and regressed backward at 30.8% on average. In expository text reading, children fixated for about 214ms at an eojeol, made a forward saccade of about 3.3 characters to the next eojeol, and regressed backward at 31% on average. In addition, the effects of eojeol length, word frequency and landing position were examined. The gaze duration in the long ejoels was longer than in the short eojeols. In a further analysis where the repeatedly used eojeols were excluded, the eojeol length effect appeared in the low-frequency words, but seemed to disappear in the high-frequency words. In terms of landing position, the eyes seemed to land near the center of an eojeol more frequently than on the boundaries. When the eyes landed at the boundary of an eojeol, the eyes tended to fixate the eojeol again.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.43
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• pp.81-100
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• 2020

Since sustainable packaging of flower basket designs that are sold from florist shops is needed for both the seller and the buyer, studying of second packaging of flower basket design has begun. In this study, based on the survey that has been done in 2019, and the analysis of the interview that has been done in 2020, the suggestion of sustainable packaging development is the purpose. The definition of flower basket design was done and surveys of the status of domestic flower basket designs' second packaging were done in accordance with the type of basket which is an object, transportation, and characteristic of a florist shop. For sustainable packaging, based on physical theory, second packaging which depends on the packaging that includes design factor, transportation final destination has to be different. The factors to be considered as sustainable packaging are the quality of opaque paper, the necessity of first packaging, packaging structure that can fix an object, the form of second packaging influenced by types of transportation. Suggestions for packaging development included new materials for first packaging, eco-friendly objects that can be recycled and reused, structural packaging design, standardization and variability of packaging, protection of floristry which is the fundamental purpose of packaging, and brand advertisement effect. Based on the result of this study further designs of packaging will be commercialized. This study is significant for serving the opportunity of new packaging design for futuristic floristry that fit for unmanned system and studying of categories of products.