• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.141-149
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• 2012

This study investigates the effects of wear training on blood pressure and blood lipid profiles. For the purpose of this research, 'wear training' refers to the alternating stimulation of temperature while using specific clothing under controlled situations ($18.8{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$, $38{\pm}3%RH$). The participants alternated between two different garments producing a $1.5^{\circ}C$ difference in the innerest microclimate temperature over a period of 4 weeks. The experiments in this study were conducted in a comfortable environment after sufficient rest. The results were as follows. The systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were lower in the post test than in the pre test (p<.05). The atherogenic index (AI) was also reduced and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio increased (p<.05) in the post test. These results demonstrated that wear training positively affected improvement in vascular stiffness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.3 s.151
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• pp.407-411
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the physiological responses of obese children after a short-term wear training and education. A ten-week program was conducted on thirteen obese elementary school children of six boys and seven girls in the 4th to the 6th grade. During the program, the children were instructed to measure daily ambient temperature and weight of their clothing. Physiological responses of the sedentary children in 100$\%$ cotton short sleeved t-shirt (0.13clo) and T/C short pants(0.09clo) were observed in the climatic chamber of 23.0$\pm$0.5$^{circ}C$ and 50$\pm$5$\%$RH before and after program. During the experiment, internal ear temperature ($T_{ear}$), seven site skin temperatures, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and subjective responses of thermal comfort and thermal sensation were measured every 5minutes. Mean skin temperature($T_{sk}$) and mean arterial pressure(MAP) were calculated. Obtained data are statistically analyzed and main results are as follows. There was highly significant correlation between the ambient temperature and the total clothing weight. $T_{ear}$ and MAP were reduced in the post-program compared to the pre-program. The obese girls felt slightly warmer than the obese boys and the girls were likely to prefer lower ambient temperature in the post-program than the pre-program. It was concluded that the 10 week wear training is apt to be more applicable to the obese girls than the obese boys. However, a more comprehensive study including. diverse measurements of deep body temperature with a long-term training would be needed to clarify the improvement of temperature adaptability in the obese children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.259-268
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• 2012

This study suggests quantitative guidelines for inside clothing temperatures to improve the heat tolerance of 20's females in summer. First, the inside clothing temperatures ($T_{cl}$) of each subject was measured in daily use. The subjects were asked to record subjective thermal sensations, clothing items worn, clothing weight, and activities during an experiment designed to determine the comfort zone of $T_{cl}$. In a thermally neutral state, the comfort zone of $T_{cl}$ was decided on a mean value $T_{cl}{\pm}1{\sigma}$. Second, the subjects were asked to wear clothing that would enable them to feel 'slightly warm but still comfortable'. The rest of the processes were the same as previous steps that were designed to understand the way and degree of clothing control. The comfort zone of $T_{cl}$ was decided in the same manner as the previous step. The two comfort zones were combined and named the combined comfort zone of the definitive comfort zone. The results were as follows: 1. Thermally comfortable $T_{cl}$, Hcl were $34.0{\pm}1.1^{\circ}C$, $40{\pm}9%%RH$ and the thermally comfortable ambient climate was $25.0{\pm}1.6^{\circ}C$, $53{\pm}7%$RH. 2. When subjects were asked to wear 'slightly warm but still comfortable', there were difference in thermally comfortable $T_{cl}$, clothing weight and clothing layer by subject. 3. In this study, the optimal $T_{cl}$ was decided on the mid-point of the definitive comfort zone of $T_{cl}$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.371-381
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• 2012

This study investigates quantitative wear training effects and involved 15 participants from a previous study (part 1) in May to September 2009. Before wear training, the subjects' rectal temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and local sweating were measured for 1 hour in a climate chamber ($39{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $65{\pm}5%RH$, 0.3m/s) to evaluate heat tolerance. Subsequently, the subjects were divided into 3 groups that consisted of 5 participants. Group N (control-group) dressed the participants so that they felt comfortable (or cool). Group W and MW where participants underwent regular wear training for 10 weeks (5 days a week a total of 50 times). The intensity of the wear training for the participants of group MW was stronger than that for group W. A heat-tolerance experiment was performed after wear training. The results were as follows: 1. The participants of groups W and MW felt more comfortable after wear training than before wear training in the case of warmer $T_{cl}$. However, no significant differences were observed before and after wear training for group N. 2. The heat tolerance of the participants of groups W and MW was higher after wear training than before wear training. However, no significant difference was noted in this regard for group N. 3. The results showed the wear training effect (based on quantitative guidelines). The results show that the predicted optimal temperature inside clothing can enhance heat tolerance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1003-1009
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• 1997

To study the time course of increased cold tolerance, the physiological responses were measured during the course of a 2-yr study (Feb. 1995~Feb. 1996) of four female college students, whose cold tolerance was proved to be increased through wearing cool clothing in daily life from Sep. 1994 to Feb. 1995. To determine their cold tolerance, subjects rested at 25$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, then were exposed to 15$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 50$\pm$5% R.H. for 90min in Feb. 1995 and Feb. 1996. Subjects' rectal temperatures, mean skin temperatures, heat production, shivering onset, thermal sensations, and comfort showed no significant changes, when they were measured in 1995 and 1996. Based on these results, we can safely assume that mild cold acclimatization coming from wearing cool clothing lasts at least oneyear, that is until the following year. One of the possible explanations for this is that the subjects did not increase their clothing thermalresistances after the cold acclimatization.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.445-454
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• 2011

This study was performed on 5 prehypertensive male participants to investigate the effects of the clothing program for improving the vascular compliance on heat tolerance. The clothing program means the alternate stimulation of the temperature using clothes. The participants wore two different garments with $1.5^{\circ}C$ difference in the temperature inside clothing in a climatic chamber ($18.8{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$, $38{\pm}3%RH$) alternately for 4 weeks. Heat tolerance tests were conducted in the climatic chamber of $35.2{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, $54{\pm}3%RH$ before and after the clothing program. The results were as follows. The $\overline{T}$sk, Tr and heart rate were lower in the post test than in the pre test (p<.01). The whole body and local sweat rates as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressures had reduced the tendencies in the post test. Participants felt less wet and more comfortable in the post test than in the pre test(p<.01). These results showed that the clothing program through the alternate stimulation of the temperature positively affected the improvement of heat tolerance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.551-562
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• 1999

This study was intended to investigate the effect on the human body such as subcutaneous fat thickness the circumference of extremities etc. of the clothing training of putting on thin clothes periodically from the cold period. The subjects were divided into the clothing training group and the non-training group, The training group was asked to wear cool clothes in daily life and to wear the training clothes of T-shirts with half-length sleeves and pants and perform the clothing training for two hours daily three times a week in a cold environment over the period from November to February. The non-training group was asked to lead a life wearing comfortable clothes. Then a comparative experiment was conducted at 15$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 50$\pm$5% R, H and 0.25m/sec before and after the clothing training. After the clothing training regardless of gender subcutaneous fat thickness was more increased and total clothing weight per the surface area of the body was decreased in the training group than the non-training group. The training group showed lower skin temperature in the limbs and lower average skin temperature than the non-training group irrespective of gender which proved the effect of the clothing training. The training group was shown to have attendancy toward a greater sense of warmth and a less sense of discomfort which proved the effect of the clothing training.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.504-515
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• 1995

This study was performed to investigate that wear training using thermal insulation with clothes has the effect on the human thermoregulatory response, especially on the heat tolerance. Twelve men and women in twenties wert divided into the control group, the training groups and each group except the control group had participated in wear training. The heat tolerance was assessed in all subjects who had participated in the experiment carried out in hot environment(40$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 50$\pm$5%RH) by such parameters as rectal temperature, skin temperature, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blond pressure, plume rate, total sweat volume, local sweat volume, subjective sensation, and the differences of heat tolerance in each group were compared. The results were as follows: In hot environment(4$0^{\circ}C$) the changing width of rectal temperature was decreased in the control and the heavy clothing group. Forehead and abdomen temperature in hot environment were significantly decreased after the training. Sweat rate was higher after the training than before. In all experimental groups, systolic and diastolic blood pries.;uses in hot environment(4$0^{\circ}C$) were significantly decreased after the training.