• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.86-103
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• 2019

Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop evidence- and consensus-based clinical safety usage guidelines for sedative hypnotics using the Delphi technique. Methods: A group of 15 sleep experts from Korean Academy of Sleep Medicine were chosen for this study comprising a three-round web-based Delphi survey. The first round survey was composed of 39 questions to identify problems with sedative hypnotics usage in Korean clinical practice and the result roughly outlined what should be included in the guidelines. The second round survey was composed of 21 questions to collect specific opinions of experts on clinically important issues in prescribing sedative hypnotics, and its result provided the basis for the guidelines. A third round survey aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the established guidelines. Results: In the third round, all 17 items showed a median of 4 or more, with an average of 4.12 and a standard deviation of 0.32. Thus we present safety usage guidelines with 13 propositions for prescription, maintenance, and withdrawal of sedative hypnotics. Conclusion: The safety usage guidelines on sedative hypnotics developed from this study could lead to safe and effective prescription of hypnotics in clinical practice, especially for the non-experts in sleep medicine. Furthermore, the guidelines will help to improve the quality of insomnia treatment by contributing to the establishment of a safe regime for sedative hypnotics without excessive use of drugs.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2016

Purpose: This study analyzed the difference in survival time of patients with delirium according to sedative medication. Methods: From January 2012 through December 2013, a retrospective cohort study was performed using the electronic medical records (EMR) of Pusan National University Hospital. Among 900 patients who died from cancer, we selected 240 who suffered delirium based on the EMR. The Nu-DESC delirium screening test was used to diagnose delirium. Results: The median length of delirium period was five days. Delirium characteristics were dominated by inappropriate behaviors (35.0%). Sedatives were administered in 72.1% of the cases. The most frequently used sedative was haloperidol which was used in 59.6% of cases. The delirium period significantly differed by patients' age (F=3.96, P=0.021), cancer type (F=3.31, P=0.010), chemotherapy (t=-3.44 P=0.001). The average survival time was 16.85 days for the sedative medication group and 9.37 days for the non-medication group, which, however, was not significant (t=1.766, P=0.079). Conclusion: In this study, the use of sedatives did not affect patients' survival time. Thus, appropriate sedative medication can be positively recommended to comfort terminal cancer patients and their families.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.15 no.2 s.70
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• pp.18-23
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• 2006

Foaming of slag is a thermodynamically unstable phenomenon and has significant effects in iron and steelmaking processes. For better recycling method of pulp sludge, the application as an defoaming agent during steelmaking process was adopted and tested. The forming machine has been modified in order to produce the briquettes, which are made of pulp sludge and slag with different weight ratio. Influencing factors on the foaming phenomena have been studied and tested for better understanding of foaming phenomena. Experiments were carried out with $CaO-FeO-SiO_2$ based slags with Ar gas injection and addition of coke particles. The slag basicity and (%FeO) contents adapted as major factors to treasure foaming tendency of the slag system. It was found that foam index (${\Sigma}$) gradually decreased as both the basicity and the (FeO) content increase. Four kinds of antifoaming agent such as aluminium dross, cokes, rice bran and pulp sludge with steelmaking slag have been tested in actual process. Aluminium dross was the most effective, and pulp sludge with steelmaking slag also showed the desired results.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.273-277
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• 1992

• The Korean Chronic Disease News
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• no.16
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• pp.8-8
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• 1981

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.4061-4067
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• 2011

This study was conducted to verify the effects of preparatory information, the anxiety level of premedication as well as physiologic variable of patients undergoing bronchoscopy. Data collection was performed from June 4 from December 28 2007 with 102 patients. The degree of anxiety of the subjects was measured by the Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory (Korea version). A booklet constructed by researcher as a research tool was used or patients education. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 14.0 program. As a result of the effect that preparatory information and premedication to the subjects undergoing bronchoscopy was statistically effective in reducing the degree of anxiety(p=.005) and controlling pulse rate(p=.033), respiratory rate(p=.006) on the specific threatening procedure but show no significant effectiveness on stabilizing systolic pressure(p=.062) and diastolic pressure(p=.189). Therefore it is thought that it can be actively applied to clinical practice.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.163-167
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• 1975

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.4 no.2 s.7
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• pp.80-83
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• 2004

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 2016

Sedation is an indispensable part of contemporary pediatric dentistry. The Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (KAPD) organized the dental sedation committee to help members perform safer and more effective sedation. The committee surveyed 111 members who practice dental sedation to figure out the present state of sedation in 2014. According to the survey, 86% of the respondents indicated that they were interested in continuing education of sedation. The most interesting topic was sedation related emergency management, followed by safe dosages of sedative drugs. However, it is not realistic to establish the recommended dosages as a guideline since the selection of agents and dosages depend on various factors. In order to provide successful sedation, pediatric dentist should make an individual sedation plan for each procedure. It is important to understand not only the properties of each sedative, but also interactions with other drugs. This article reviews useful information of commonly used agents for dental sedation and summarizes the recommended dosages from the Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) and some famous pediatric dentistry textbooks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.100-103
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• 1999

열대 인도 지방이 원산지인 바실(Ociumu builicum L.)은 경제적으로 매우 중요한 작물로 전세계적으로 재배, 이용되고 있다 향을 함유한 잎은 생체 또는 건물로 과자나 음료 등에 향을 가미하기 위해 사용된다. 전통적으로 바실은 구풍제, 자극제, 진정제의 특성으로 민간요법에 이용되었다. 바실의 정유는 식품산업과 화장품에 이용되며 항균 효과도 지닌다. (중략)