• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.34-40
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• 2005

In present study, a two dimensional unsteady Navier-Stokes solver has been developed using the Diagonalized ADI (DADI) method and implicit dual time stepping method. The jacobian matrices in steady state Navier-Stokes equations are introduced from inviscid flux terms. The implicit treatment of artificial dissipation terms results in a block penta-diagonal matrix system and it becomes a scalar penta-diagonal matrix by diagonalization. In steady state equations about fictitious time, a new residual including a real time derivative term is introduced. From a converged solution about fictitious time, a real time unsteady solution can be obtained, which is called 'implicit dual time stepping method'. For code validation, an oscillating flat plate, a regular Karman vortices past a circular cylinder and shock buffeting around a bicircular airfoil problems are numerically solved. And they are compared with a theoretical solution, experiments and other researcher's computations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.180-180
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• 2013

반도체, 디스플레이와 같이 저압, 극청정 조건에서 진행되는 공정에서 발생한 오염입자는 수 율에 큰 영향을 미친다. 따라서 공정 중에 발생한 오염입자를 실시간으로 모니터링할 수 있는 장비에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. Particle Beam Mass Spectrometer (PBMS)는 저압에서 실시간으로 나노 입자의 크기를 측정할 수 있는 대표적인 장비 중 하나이다. 입자를 포함한 가스 유동이 PBMS로 유입되면, 우선 입자를 입자빔의 형태로 집속하는 공기역학렌즈를 통과하게 된다. 집속된 입자는 노즐에 의해서 가속되며, 이로 인해 충분한 관성을 가지게 된 입자는 양극과 음극, 필라멘트로 구성된 electron gun에서 전자충돌에 의해 포화상태로 하전된다. 하전한 입자는 electrostatic deflector에서 크기에 따라 분류되어 Faraday detector와 electrometer에 의해 측정된다. 그러나 공기역학렌즈는 입자의 크기가 작아질수록 집속 효율이 급격히 낮아진다는 문제점을 지니고 있다. 이는 입자가 작아질수록 점성에 의한 영향이 관성에 의한 영향보다 커짐으로써 나타나는 현상이다. 최근 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 사중극자를 사용하여 입자를 집속시키는 방법이 대안으로 제시되었다. 사중극자는 서로 마주보는 쌍곡선 형태의 전극구조에 AC 전기장을 인가하는 방식을 사용한다. 사중극자의 중심은 정확히 평형점을 가지게 되며 입자는 사중극자 내에서 진동을 반복하며 평형점을 향해 모이게 된다. 입자의 크기가 작을수록 전기력에 의한 영향을 크게 받으므로 사중극자를 이용한 입자집속 방법은 나노입자의 집속에 있어 공기역학렌즈를 이용한 집속에 비해 이점을 지닌다. 또한 집속 하고자 하는 입자 대상이 바뀔 경우 구조를 바꿔야 하는 공기역학렌즈와 달리 사중극자를 이용한 방법은 AC 전기장을 조절하는 것 만으로 제어가 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 저압 조건에서 나노입자를 집속하기 위한 사중극자의 전극 구조를 이론적인 계산을 통하여 구하였다. 그 결과 0.1 torr의 압력 조건하에서 5~100 nm 범위의 기본 입자를 AC 전압과 진동수를 조절하여 집속할 수 있는 사중극자 형태를 설계하였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.10-15
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• 1997

The hydrophones is mounted in many applications on a vibrating surface and functions as an underwater acoustic signal receiver without sensing the vibrations from the mounting surface. However, their performance is usually degraded by the interference of exterior noises such as acoustic cavitation in water stream, host structural vibration in the hull, and propeller motions. This paper describes the design and evaluation of a self noise suppressing hydrophones which shows very poor sensitivity to the external noises, first, effects of the external noise on the its receiver performance is simulated with finite element method(FEM). Second, the geometrical variations are implemented on the original structure that include additional air pockets and acoustic walls which work as acoustic shied or scatter of the noises. The results show that the effect of the external noise is the most significant when it is applied near to the bottom of the side wall of the hydrophones. The transverse noise induced by the outside water flow is isolated most effectively when a thin compliant (damping) layer combined with two air pockets is inserted to the circumference of the nose. Noise level is reduced about fifty nine percent of that of the original structure.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 2018

This paper is a study on the generation mechanism of propeller singing based on the cavitation tunnel test, underwater impact test, finite element analysis and computational flow analysis for the model propeller. A wire screen mesh, a propeller and a rudder were installed to simulate ship stern flow, and occurrence and disappearance of propeller singing phenomenon were measured by hydrophone and accelerometer. The natural frequencies of propeller blades were predicted through finite element analysis and verified by contact and non-contact impact tests. The flow velocity and effective angle of attack for each section of the propeller blades were calculated using RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes) equation-based computational fluid analysis. Using the high resolution analysis based on detached eddy simulation, the vortex shedding frequency calculation was performed. The numerical predicted vortex shedding frequency was confirmed to be consistent with the singing frequency and blade natural frequency measured by the model test.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.188-194
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• 2003

천마식품가공시 기초자료로 활용될 수 있는 천마 추출농축액의 리올로지 특성을 조사하였다. 천마의 열수 및 50% 에탄올 추출물운 각각 5, 10, 15, 및 20 Brix와 10, 20, 30, 40 및 50 Brix로 농축하여 제조하였다. 열수 및 50% 에탄올 농축액의 정상유동특성과 동적점탄성을 조사하였다. Power law model로 구한 n에 의하면 모든 열수 농축액들은 전형적인 의가소성$(n=0.484{\sim}0.802)$유체의 흐름특성을 보였고, 50% 에탄올 농축액들은 뉴튼유체$(n=0.875{\sim}1.078)$에 가까운 흐름특성을 나타내었다. 열수 및 50% 에탄올 농축액의 ${\eta}_{app}$는 온도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. Herschel-Bulkley model에 의한 열수 및 50% 에탄올 농축액의 C는 각각 $0.030{\sim}1.255$ Pa와 $0.007{\sim}0.065$ Pa이었다. ${\eta}_{app}$에 대한 온도 및 농도의 영향은 arrhenius식으로 해석하였다. 열수 및 50% 에탄올 농축액의 $E_a$는 농도가 증가함에 따라 각각 $3.340{\sim}4.620{\times}10^3\;J/mol{\cdot}kg$과 $1.6289{\sim}18.6699{\times}10^3\;J/mol{\cdot}kg$의 범위로 나타났다. 진동수(angular frequency, ${\omega}$)가 증가할수록 저장탄성률(storage modulus, G#)과 손실탄성률(loss modulus, G@)은 일반적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 50% 에탄올 농축액의 경우 모든 진동수에서 G#이 G@보다 높게 나타나 전형적인 저분자용액의 흐름특성을 보였다. 그러나 열수농축액의 경우 G@이 G#보다 높았고 0.5 rad/sec에서 교차점을 형성하였으며 전형적인 고분자 용액의 흐름특성을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.597-601
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• 2013

Recently, many studies about the wave power generation system for the marine structure as the hybrid form in linked with the original features have been made of. Of these, the wave power generation system using oscillating water column(OWC) has function to convert wave energy to electrical energy with original function of the break water structure. In this type of generation system, it is important to make the flow of sea water as much as possible without loss. Output characteristics of wave power generation system depending on entrance section were described in the paper. Also, flow quantity changing with entrance section, velocity of sea water and output of wells turbine were measured by simulating OWC wells turbine model in break water, one of the general marine structure. Finally, entrance section was suggested to enhance the energy conversion efficiency based on the results of simulation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.201-206
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• 2011

A spacer grid assembly is one of the most important structural components of the nuclear fuel assembly of a pressurized water reactor (PWR), and it affects the performance of the fuel assembly. The primary design requirement is that the mechanical integrity of the fuel rod should be maintained by the spacer grid assembly during the operation of the reactor. It was known that fretting damage to the fuel rod can be reduced by adjusting the relative moving displacement between the fuel rod and its support. In this study, we used the finite element method to evaluate the characteristics of a sliding support designed to reduce fretting damage of fuel rods.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.1103-1108
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• 2012

A main steam pipe system is a branch pipe that connects a boiler with a turbine. Water hammering analysis is very important for limiting the damage caused to pipe systems by operation conditions. Water hammering created by an unsteady flow in pipeline systems can cause excessive change in pressure, vibration, and noise. The main steam pipe structure should be designed to safely maintain the pressure pulsation and several vibrations under operation environments. This study evaluated the structural integrity of a main steam pipe during suspended and normal operation by using the ASME fatigue life methodology and finite element analysis. In the analysis, water hammering was used for transient analysis. The calculated alternating stress and fatigue stress were compared with the applicable limits of ASME fatigue life. All the evaluation results satisfied the requirements of the ASME fatigue life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.482-488
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• 2018

Generally, after stern tube bearing shows a significant increase in local load due to propeller load, which increases the potential adverse effects of bearing failure. To prevent this, research on regarding shaft alignment has been carried out with a focus on reducing the relative slope between the shaft and support bearing(s) under quasi-static conditions. However, for a more detailed evaluation of a shafting system, it is necessary to consider dynamic conditions. In this context, the results revealed that eccentric propeller force under transient conditions such as a rapid rudder turn at NCR, lead to fluid-induced instability and imbalanced vibration in the stern tube. In addition, compared with NCR condition, it has been confirmed that eccentric propeller forces given a rapid rudder starboard turn can lift a shaft from the stern tube bearing in the stern tube, contributes to load relief for the stern tube bearing.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

This study is a technology related to a seismic protection device for a fire pipe for installation in a building such as an apartment or a building. The fire pipe is fixed to the base panel by fastening bolts so as to flow left and right. The present invention relates to an earthquake-resistant apparatus for a fire-extinguishing piping, which is capable of minimizing damages caused by an earthquake in order to prevent damages and breakage of a fire-extinguishing pipe by mitigating earthquakes, vibrations, It is connected to an insert plate embedded in concrete or ceiling hanger bolts formed at regular intervals on the ceiling to keep the piping constant from the ceiling and to keep the horizontal condition of the piping always constant so that the piping relaxes or sags And to effectively prevent damage to the piping. The can get.