• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.79-83
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• 2002

새로운 가스연소 개념인 매체순환식 가스연소기(Chemical-Looping Combustor, CLC)는 공기와 기체연료(H$_2$, CO, CH$_4$ 등)가 직접 접촉하여 연소하는 기존의 연소-발전 시스템에 비해 많은 장점들을 가지고 있다. 매체순환식 가스연소기의 기본개념은 Fig. 1에 나타내었다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.173-177
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• 2002

두 개의 유동층 사이를 순환하는 금속매체(Metal or Metal oxide)를 이용하여 공기에 의한 금속매체의 산화와 기체연료(H$_2$, CO, CH$_4$등)에 의한 금속산화물의 환원반응이 별개의 반응기에서 일어나게 하는 새로운 개념의 연소기술인 매체순환식 가스연소기술은 공기와 기체연료를 직접 접촉시켜 반응하는 기존의 가스연소기에 비해 많은 장점을 가지고 있다.(중략)

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.534-542
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• 2012

Vertical closed-loop ground source heat pump systems(GSHP) have been installed widely in Korea since it can extract moderate temperature level of geothermal heat in a small area. As a ground heat exchanger, a vertical closed-loop type with brine circulation is mostly preferred since it is simple and less harmful to ground environment. However, it requires a secondary heat exchange loop between the refrigerant in a heat pump and the brine. By adding a geothermal heat exchanger in the secondary heat exchange loop, circulation pumps should be attached and the temperature difference between refrigerant and ground is increased, which are important parts of performance degradation. In this paper, annual and seasonal performances of direct expansion(DX) geothermal heat pump were estimated mathematically as an alternative of classical indirect geothermal heat pump based on the annual performance evaluation. As a result, DX geothermal heat pump showed 43% higher annual performance than the classical U-tube geothermal heat pump.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.114-122
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• 2012

Vertical closed-loop ground source heat pump systems(GSHP) have been installed widely in Korea since it can extract moderate temperature level of geothermal heat in a small area. As a ground heat exchanger, a vertical closed -loop type with brine circulation is mostly preferred since it is simple and less harmful to ground environment. However, it requires a secondary heat exchange loop between the refrigerant in a heat pump and the brine. By adding a geothermal heat exchanger in the secondary heat exchange loop, circulation pumps should be attached and the temperature difference between refrigerant and ground is increased, which are important parts of performance degradation. In this paper, annual and seasonal performances of direct expansion(DX) geothermal heat pump were estimated mathematically as an alternative of classical indirect geothermal heat pump based on the annual performance evaluation. As results, DX geothermal heat pump showed 43% higher annual performance than the classical U-tube geothermal heat pump.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.496-504
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• 2009

In order to investigate the feasibility of a direct ice slurry transporting system for the purpose of district cooling, a case study of field application is performed. The research aims include the field measurement of ice packing factor, the performance of coldness delivery, and the branching characteristics of ice slurry. Two representative types of pipe branch are dealt with in this work. For the slurry flow with ice volume fraction of 0.16 or less, the pipe blocking due to aggregation is not observed. Based on the time-wise variation of temperature in the storage tank, a calculating method of ice packing factor is newly developed, which seems to be useful when the brine concentration is unknown. It is confirmed that the mass flow rate of ice slurry per unit cooling load is markedly reduced with increasing the ice content. The pumping power also decreases, but remains unchanged for high ice fractions. The distribution of ice particle before and after branching shows a good uniformity within the range of 5% difference, but yields a unique trend depending on the flow rate.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 1992

A comparative evaluation of water quality in the existing semiclosed fish culture system was made to improve the system management. From the comparison of water quality between the flow-through mode and the recycle mode of the semiclosed system, the malfunctioning of the settling channel deteriorated water quality and reduce the nitrification rate in the recycle mode. The peak concentrations of COD, $PO_4-P$ and SS in the fish tanks appeared just after feeding, and then decreased to normal levels within two hours. However, the $NH_4-N$ concentration increased slightly after two hours of feeding in the recycle mode. The water exchange rate was directly related to the water quality in the semiclosed fish culture system.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.853-860
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• 2019

In order to meet more severe environmental regulations, oxy-fuel circulating fluidized bed(CFB) boilers or ultra supercritical CFB boilers, which are a kind of process in that solid particles moves similar to fluid, have been developed in the world. In CFB power generation processes, the method to reduce or remove sulfur dioxide is in-situ desulfurization reaction via limestone directly injected into CFB boilers. However, the desulfurization efficiencies have continuously changed because limestones injected into CFB boilers are affected by various operation conditions (Bed temperature, pressure, solid circulating rate, solid holdup, residence time, and so on). In this study, a prediction method with physical and chemical properties of limestone and operation conditions of CFB boiler for in-situ desulfurization reaction in CFB boilers has developed by integrating desulfurization kinetic equations and hydrodynamics equations for CFB previously published. In particular, the prediction equation for in-situ desulfurization was modified by using experimental results from desulfurization reactions of various domestic limestones.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1459-1463
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• 2007

도시 유역의 하수관거는 대부분 합류식 하수관거로 되어 있기 때문에 도시하천의 물순환을 모의하기 위해 수량적인 측면이나 수질적인 측면에서 강우시의 합류식 하수관거 월류수 즉, CSOs를 고려한다면 보다 정확한 모의가 가능할 것이다. 목감천 유역은 중 상류 지역의 대부분은 농경 또는 임야로 이용되고 있지만, 하구부에는 밀집된 시가지가 전체유역 면적의 약 35.2 %인 $18.66\;km^2$를 형성하고 있고, 이중 대부분이 합류식 하수관거로 되어 있다. 따라서 목감천 유역을 PCSWMM의 TRANSPORT 블럭내의 flow divider를 이용하여 모형을 구성하여 1996년부터 2005년까지 10년 동안의 연속유출모의를 실시하여 물순환 분석을 하였다. 결과를 보면 10년 평균 강수량은 1537.9 mm이며, 직접유출량 비율은 1,263.0 mm, 침투량은 335.7 mm, 증발량은 415.7 mm이다. 또한 10년 평균 상수량은 909.10 mm, 하수량은 736.3 mm(CSOs 355.0 mm), 하천유입하수량은 170.3 mm, 서남 및 역곡하수처리장 이송량은 211.0 mm이다. 부하량 결과를 살펴보면 발생부하량은 10,108,554 kg/year이며 배출부하량은 834,533 kg/year으로, 이는 곧 점오염원을 의미한다. 유역 총 배출량은 1,575,200 kg/year, 비점오염원은 740,667 kg/year, 하수처리장 이송부하량은 1,220,000 kg/year, 목감천 출구지점에서는 355,200 kg/year(CSOs 62,531 kg/year)임을 알 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.148-154
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• 1996

가정용 냉장고에 있어서 정음화를 위한 다각적인 노력이 냉장고의 주요 소음원이라고 할 수 있는 압축기, 냉기 순환용 팬, 압축기 냉각용 팬 및 냉매 순환용 파이프 방진구조 등의 개선을 통하여 국내외적으로 상당한 진척을 보이고 있다. 이러한 소음원들의 특징은 각각이 특정한 목적에 의하여 작동하는 하나의 구동부이거나 이러한 구동부와의 직접적인 연결에 의해 가진되는 경우로서 Airborne Noise나 Structureborne Noise를 발생시키고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 압축기나 팬이 꺼진 상태에서 냉장고의 싸이클상에 열교환용 냉매가 봉입된 상태에서 압축기가 운전시 형성되었던 싸이클상의 고압 및 저압측의 압력 차이에 의하여 증발기의 Accumulator내에 형성된 Sleeve(이하, 삽입관 .PHI.1.5 Hole)에 의해서 발생되는 Bubble 소음에 대한 실험적 규명과 소음 측정을 통한 주파수 분석을 하였으며, 이러한 Bubble 소음 발생시 싸이클상의 온도 및 압력값을 측정하여 Strasberg에 의해 도출된 선형화된 식을 이용하여 Bubble 소음 발생시 주파수 분석을 통한 Bubble Size를 결정하였고, Bubble 소음 발생의 직접적인 원인으로 작용하는 Orifice를 제거하여 Bubble 소음의 개선 정도를 비교 검토하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.144-152
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• 2006

Split injection has been known to reduce total hydrocarbon (THC) emission level and increase engine performance under certain operating conditions 1, 2). Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is a common technique adopted for nirtric oxides (NOx) reduction by the dilution of intake air, despite a sacrifice of simultaneous increase in THC and decrease in engine performance3). Thus, using split injection with adequate EGR may improve the emission level of UBHC, NOx and the engine performance compared to that of single-injection with or without EGR cases. The purpose of this study is to investigate the engine performance and emission levels at various engine operating conditions and injection methods when it is applied with EGR. The characteristics of single-injection and split-injection were investigated with various engine loads and EGR rates. The engine speed is changed from 800rpm to 1200rpm to investigate how the combustion characteristics are changing with increasing engine speed.