• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.3-9
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• 2022

본연구는 한국어 언어모델 트레이닝 단계에서 자주 사용되는 Fill-Mask 태스크와 직업 관련 키워드로 구성되는 각종 성별 유추 템플릿을 이용해 한국어 언어모델에서 발생하는 성별 편향 현상을 정량적으로 검증하고 해석한다. 결과를 봤을 때 현재 직업 키워드에서 드러나는 성별 편향은 각종 한국어 언어모델에서 이미 학습된 상태이며 이를 해소하거나 차단하는 방법을 마련하는 것이 시급한 과제이다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.382-396
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• 2021

This study analyzed illustrations presented in middle school science 14 paper textbooks and 14 digital textbooks under the 2015 revised curriculum in terms of gender stereotypes. In both paper and digital textbooks, the most common type of illustration was multiple pupils. For pupils, the frequency of gender was balanced in both paper and digital textbooks. However, there were differences among publishers in digital textbooks. In both paper and digital textbooks, girls showed a higher frequency than boys in learning activities. However, the opposite tendency was observed in non-learning activities. In particular, non-learning activities of digital textbooks showed gender imbalance among all publishers. In both paper and digital textbooks, behavioral characteristics were mostly described to be active without gender differences. But, there were differences among publishers in digital textbooks. For adults, men showed a higher frequency than women in both paper and digital textbooks. Gender frequency was balanced in family activities, however, men showed a higher frequency in social activities. Unlike paper textbooks, digital textbooks were gender balanced in occupational activities. In both paper and digital textbooks, the number of occupations in which men appeared more frequently was higher than that in which women appeared more frequently. Especially, men showed a higher frequency than women in both scientist and researcher. Behavioral characteristics were mostly biased in terms of gender in both paper and digital textbooks.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.8
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• pp.995-1009
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary habits, behaviors, and food consumption frequency according to gender and obesity level among middle school students in the Jeonju area. Subjects for the questionnaire were 450 middle school students (male 255, female 195) and were classified as either obese students (n=150 or non-obese students (n=299) by the obesity assessment method. The results were analyzed with SAS program (Version 9.1), and were as follows. 1. Dietary behaviors were significantly different in the rate of 'Skipping breakfast (p<0.05)', 'Duration of meal time (min) (p<0.05)' and 'Unbalanced diet (p<0.01)' between males and females. Dietary habits and behaviors also differed significantly for the rate of ‘Taste preferences (p<0.05)’, and 'Unbalanced diet (p<0.01)' between obese students and non-obese students. 2. Food consumption frequency per week was as follows. First, males were significantly higher than females in 'Instant noodle (p<0.05)', 'Milk (p<0.01)', and 'Soda pop (p<0.01)'; on the other hand females were significantly higher than males in 'Chocolate, Candy (p<0.01)'. Second, non-obese students were significantly higher than obese students in 'Instant noodle (p<0.05)', 'Hamburger, Pizza (p<0.05)', and 'Chocolate, Candy (p<001)'. Especially, non-obese male students were higher in 'Instant noodle (p<0.05)' and 'Hamburger, Pizza (p<0.05)'; non-obese female students were higher in 'Chocolate, Candy (p<0.01)'. In conclusion, an action program is needed to encourage healthful dietary behaviors, increased physical activity, and forming good lifelong habits.