• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.328-336
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• 2000

The pulsed-delayed extraction (PDE) in linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer(TOF MS) is characterized on the enhancement of resolution, mass-depth of focus and effect of instrumentahan 2000. The ion signals separate isotopically by up to molecular weight of 2500 in instrumental broadening of 5 ns, which is a good agreement with calculation. The fragmentation paths of PPG can be sug-gested by the isotopica distributions of fragment series produced when PPG desorbed from graphite surface.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 한 쌍의 센서를 이용하여 미지의 수중 음향 신호의 시간지연의 차 (Time Delay Difference)를 추정하고 탐지하는 알고리즘을 다루고 있다. 전형적인 시간지연 차의 최적화 추정 기법은 두 신호의 상관관계(Cross Correlation)에 의한 ML(Maximum likelihood)추정으로 구할 수 있지만, 실제 수중 음향 환경 하에서 시간 지연뿐만 아니라 표 적의 이동에 의하여 발생하는 도플러 효과로 신호의 주파수도 변하게 된다. 이러한 신호 주 파수의 올바른 고려 없이 단순히 두 신호의 시간지연만을 추정하는 방법은 불가피한 에러를 생성하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 시시각각 변하는 시간지연의 차를 구하기 위한 준 최적화 기 법인 확률분포 함수의 Recursive Filter에 시간 지연 차와 도플러효과의 2차원 확률분포 함 수를 적용한 추정 알고리즘을 제안한다. 관측된 신호의 리샘플링(Resampling)을 통하여 도 플러 효과를 보상한 후 2차원 Conditional likelihood를 구하고 Projection과 Correction 과정 을 통하여 시간지연과 도플러 효과에 대한 사후확률을 구한다. 그리고 이러한 알고리즘을 가상 시나리오에 대한 모의실험을 통하여 평가한다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.452-459
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• 2021

Estimating the mutual time delay between two acoustic sensors is used in various fields such as tracking and estimating the location of a target in room acoustics and sonar. In the time delay estimation methods, there are a non-parametric method, such as Generalized Cross Correlation (GCC), and a parametric method based on system identification. In this paper, we propose a time delay estimation method based on the parametric method. In particular, we propose a method that considers the noise in each receiving acoustic sensor. Simulation confirms that the proposed algorithm is superior to the existing generalized cross-correlation and adaptive eigenvalue analysis methods in white noise and reverberation environments.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.499-505
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• 2018

Time delay estimation between two acoustic sensors is widely used in room acoustics and sonar for target position estimation, tracking and synchronization. A cross-correlation based method is representative for the time delay estimation. However, this method does not have enough consideration for the noise added to the receiving acoustic sensors. This paper proposes a new time delay estimation method considering the added noise on the receiver acoustic sensors. From comparing with the existing GCC (Generalized Cross Correlation) method, and adaptive eigen decomposition method, we show that the proposed method outperforms other methods for a colored signal source in the white Gaussian noise condition.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2014

An approximation of speed of sound in the measurement plane is essential for the inverse estimation of temperature. To this end, an inverse problem relating the measured retarded time data in between set of sensors and actuators array located on the wall is formulated. The involved transfer matrix and its coefficient vectors approximate speed of sound of the measurement plane by using the radial basis function with finite number of interpolation points deployed inside the target field. Then, the temperature field can be reconstructed by using spatial interpolation technique, which can achieve high spatial resolution with proper number of interpolation points. A large number of retarded time data of acoustic paths in between sensors and arrays are needed to obtain accurate reconstruction result. However, the shortage of interpolation points due to practical limitations can cause the decrease of spatial resolution and deterioration of the reconstruction result. In this works, a regeneration for obtaining the additional retarded time data for an arbitrary acoustic path is suggested to overcome the shortage of interpolation points. By applying the regeneration technique, many interpolation points can be deployed inside the field by increasing the number of retarded time data. As a simulation example, two rectangular duct sections having arbitrary temperature distribution are reconstructed by two different data set: measured data only, combination of measured and regenerated data. The result shows a decrease in reconstruction error by 15 % by combining the original and regenerated retarded time data.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2004

The oceanic tides have an effect on groundwater levels in coastal fractured rock aquifers. The observed groundwater table fluctuations caused by the effective stress through an aquifer are shown as sine curves similar with tidal fluctuation. To estimate a hydrogeologic parameter, tidal method is utilized with groundwater level fluctuations of two monitoring wells. Cross correlation function is used to calculate time lags between observed groundwater levels and tide, and the deeper well shows longer time lag. The storage coefficients calculated by using tidal efficiency and time lag show large differences. The storage coefficients obtained by using time lags are close to the result of slug test, and that of the deeper well shows closer value by slug test. The tidal efficiency is unsatisfied to apply in the tidal method because of an effect of phreatic aquifer and the vertical flow of groundwater through fractured confining bed. This tidal method can be an economical and effective way to define the parameter by considering the location of observation well and hydrogeologic characteristics of a coastal aquifer.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• 제6권8호
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• pp.2204-2212
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• 1999

In this paper, we present techniques which perform incremental timing analysis using Timed Boolean Algebra that solves the false path problem and extracts the timing information in combinational circuits. Our algorithm sets histories of internal inputs that are substituted for internal output and extracts maximal delays through checking sensitizability of primary outputs. Once finding the sum of primitive delay terms, then it applies modified delay with referencing histories of primary output and it can extract maximal delays of primary outputs fast and efficiently. When the structure of circuit is changed, there is no need to compute the whole circuit again. We can process partial timing analysis of computing on the gates that are need to compute again. These incremental timing analysis methods are considered both delay changes and structure of circuit, and can reduce the costs of a trial error in the circuit design.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 한국정보과학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.2 (3)
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• pp.430-432
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• 1999

인터넷 멀티캐스트 라우팅을 위해 PIM, CBT, DVMR 등의 여러 가지 프로토콜이 연구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 멀티캐스트 라우팅에서 QoS를 보장하기 위한 새로운 방법을 제시한다. 이 방법은 멀티캐스팅 라우팅의 두가지 접근법 중 공유 트리 접근법에서 지연시간에 대한 QoS를 보장하는 방법으로 PIM-SM을 개선한 형태를 취한다. 동적인 멤버쉽에 의해 주어진 지연시간 상한값을 만족하지 않는 상황이 발생하면 공유 트리의 RP(Rendezvous Point)를 다시 선택하고 트리를 제구성함으로서 QoS를 보장하는 방법을 사용하며, 시뮬레이션을 통해 이 방법의 적절성을 확인하였다.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2020

Witnesses will be exposed to a variety of misinformation after the witnessing of the event and state at the scene of the investigation after the delay period. This study was conducted to promote correct recall reporting without being affected by factors that against correct recall. Self-Administered Interview(SAI) is known to obtain eyewitness accounts quickly and accurately. Therefore, we performed a SAI to see if it reported more information than the control group that did not perform the SAI. Also, it also performed that correct information was maintained without being affected by misinformation and delay. Eighty-eight participants were asked to perform SAI or game after showing a video of mock crime. Misinformation was presented in the first or second session to see if it affected recall. An analysis of responses from the final test conducted in the second session by participants showed that groups that conducted SAI after a four-week delay reported more correct information than control groups, while there was no difference between incorrect- and confabulation information. In particular, the timing of presenting misinformation did not affect the amount of recall. This suggests that conducting the SAI immediately after witnessing the event protects correct information even after four weeks. Finally, the significance and limitations of this study, and subsequent studies were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 한국정보과학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.29 No.2 (3)
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• pp.163-165
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• 2002

실시간으로 상호 작용하는 어플리케이션에서 성능을 유지하면서 모든 참가자들에게 동일한 뷰를 보여주는 것이 중요하다. 동일한 뷰를 제공하기 위해 사용하는 기법 중 하나로, 참가자들은 받은 이벤트를 실행 시각까지 버퍼에 저장하고 모든 참가자들이 동시에 이벤트를 실행한다. 그러나 네트웍상에서 전송 지연 시간 때문에 실행 예정 시각이 지나서 수신된 이벤트 들은 손실된 이벤트로 처리되어 참가자들 간의 일치하지 않는 뷰를 초래하며 손실된 이벤트를 복구하기 위한 오버헤드가 추가적으로 필요하게 된다. 본 논문에서 제안한 동기화기법은 네트웍 트래픽 상태에 따라 재생 지연 시간을 동적으로 정함으로써 네트웍 트래픽이 감소하여 전송 지연 시간이 짧을 경우, 작은 재생 지연 시간을 적용하여 상호 작용 성능을 높여주고 네트웍상에 트래픽이 증가하는 경우에는 재생 지연 시간을 늘림으로 상호 작용 성능을 해치지 않는 범위에서 이벤트 손실율을 줄이고자 한다. 실험을 통해 이 기법이 효과적으로 작동하는지 알아본다.