• Title/Summary/Keyword: 지방질

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Thin-layer chromatography of mycobacterial lipids as an aid to classification - I. Reference strains (박층(薄層) 크로마토그라피(Thin-layer chromatography)에 의(依)한 항산균(抗酸菌)의 지방질(脂肪質)을 이용(利用)한 분류(分類) - I. 표준균주(標準菌株)에 대(對)하여)

  • Koh, Choon-Myung;Kim, Sung-Kwang;Choi, Tae-Kyung;Pyun, Woo-Sup
    • The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.33-36
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    • 1973
  • This study was carried out for the classification of mycobacteria using the thin-layer chromatography of mycobacterial lipids. Results as follows: Of the 12 strains of mycobacteria, the two spots on chromatogarphy were three strains of mycobacteria(BCG, M. tuberculosis($H_{37}J$) and M. ulcerans) and three spots on chromatography were two strains of mycobacteria(M. kansasii and M. balnei). The method of thin-layer chromatography of mycobacterial lipids was considered to capable for the use of classification of mycobacteria.

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Antioxidative Effect of Different Kinds of Kimchi on the Lipid Oxidation of Cooked Meat (가열쇠고기 지방질 산화에 대한 김치종류별 항산화작용)

  • 최홍식;송은승;전영수
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.993-997
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    • 1997
  • This study was carried out to investigate the antioxidative effect of different kinds of kimchi on the lipid oxidation of cooked meat in model systems. Model systems of cooked ground meat(CGM), CGM-Chinese cabbage kimchi(CK), CGM-radish kimchi(RK), and CGM-mustard leaf kimchi(MLK) were prepared and their oxidation were evaluated during the storage at 4$^{\circ}C$ for 5 weeks. Thiobarbituric acid(TBA) values of CGM significantly increased with the storage at 4$^{\circ}C$ for 5 weeks. Thiobarbituric acid(TBA) values of CGM significantly increased with the storage time, however, TBA value of CGM-CK, CGM-RK, and CGM-MLK lowered and that of CGM-MLK was lowest. Antioxidative effect of CGM-MLK increased with the addition levels of kimchi in the system. And also in the model systems which were prepared with CGM and MLK in different fermentation periods, the antioxidative effect was highest in the properly fermented-kimchi.

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Antioxidant capacity and hepatoprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction from shoot of Aralia elata on alcohol-induced cytotoxicity (두릅 아세트산 에틸 분획물의 산화방지 효과 및 알코올에 대한 간세포 보호효과)

  • Kwon, Bong Seok;Park, Seon Kyeong;Kim, Jong Min;Kang, Jin Yong;Park, Sang Hyun;Kang, Jeong Eun;Lee, Chang Jun;Park, Su Bin;Yoo, Seul Ki;Lee, Uk;Heo, Ho Jin
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.50 no.2
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    • pp.216-224
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    • 2018
  • To evaluate physiological effect of Aralia elata, in vitro antioxidant activity and hepatic protective effects were investigated. Ethyl acetate fraction from Aralia elata (EFAE) had higher total phenolic content than other fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, and distilled water layers). EFAE also showed significantly greater radical scavenging activity against 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), than other fractions. Moreover, EFAE showed dose-dependent inhibitory effect of malondialdehyde (MDA). Hepatoprotective effects of EFAE against ethanol- and $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in H4IIE and HepG2 hepatic cells were examined using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) and 3-[4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results showed that EFAE reduced cellular oxidative stress, and increased hepatic cell viability. In addition, EFAE inhibited ethanol-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Finally, physiological substances of EFAE were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the major bioactive compounds identified were 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and chlorogenic acid.

Lipids and Free Sugar Composition in Ginseng Classified by Years (한국(韓國) 인삼(人蔘)의 연근별(年根別) 지질(脂質) 및 유리당조성(遊離糖組成))

  • Sohn, K.M.;Sung, T.S.;Cho, Y.J.;Lee, K.S.;Choi, C.
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.169-176
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    • 1988
  • Lipid contents, fatty acid compositions and free sugar contents of dried ginsengs grown for different years were studied. The lipid and free sugar were separated and quantified by silicic acid column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, gas liquid chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Ginseng contained $1.07{\sim}67%$ crude lipid and the hightest lipid content was shown in 3 year old root. The lipid fractions obtained by silicic acid column chromatography were mainly composed of neutral lipid$(51.35{\sim}72.30%)$. The contents of phospholipid and glycolipid in total lipids were $15.03{\sim}34.59%$ and $11.83{\sim}20.72%$, respectively. As the ginseng grew, neutral lipid content increased gradually but glycolipid decreased to the half of the one year old root. Seven components of neutral lipid separated by thin layer chromatography were identified but the other two components were not able to be identified. Triglyceride content was $14.42{\sim}23.91%$, sterol ester and unidentified material(II) were $13.58{\sim}21.26%$ and $7.13{\sim}15.83%$ respectively. The major fatty acids were linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid. Linoleic acid content of total and neutral lipid was $61{\sim}65%$ palmitic acid content in phospholipid was $26{\sim}39%$ and one year old root showed the hightest contents. The fatty acid composition of neutral lipid was similar to the pattern of total lipid. Linolenic acid content of glycolipid decreased gradually. Free sugars were composed of rhamnose, fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose and an unidentified material. The content of sucrose was $92{\sim}94%$ of total free sugars. Two year old root showed the highest sugar content and it decreased since then.

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Some Chemical Properties and Composition of Lipid Extracts of Riced Dehydrated Potato Granules (감자분말(粉末)의 지방질조성(脂肪質組成)과 저장중(貯藏中)의 변화(變化)에 관(關한) 연구(硏究))

  • Yoon, Jeong-Won;Hong, Bum-Shik;Yang, Han-Chul;Kim, Dong-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.320-330
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    • 1978
  • Riced dehydrated potato granules with a good reconstituton quality was made from Irish Cobber (IC) and Shimabara which are representative varieties in Korea. A part of IC potato granules was packed in small vinyl-bags while the rest, including some BHA (75ppm)-treated granules, was packed in $301{\times}407$ plain tin cans. These granules were stored in a room at room temperature, and their physico-chemical properties and lipid composition were studied. The color of the granules was measured with a Hunter-type Tristimules colorimeter. L, $a_L,$ and $b_L-values$ were respectively 83.8, -1.1 and 18.3. Variety and package-type did not affect the color. In general, it was darker than that of commercial wheat flour, but whiter than that of commercial defatted soy flour. At $100^{\circ}C$, the granules, irrespective of variety and package-type, absorbed water rapidly, and reached the maximum moisture content of $90{\sim}92%$ in 3 min., whereas they absorbed water more slowly at $8{\sim}14^{\circ}C$, and reached the maximum content of $72{\sim}74%$ in 5 minutes. Peroxide, TBA, carbonyl, acid, and iodine values of the granules after 3 months storage were respetively $150{\sim}460\;meq/kg,\;20{\sim}26,\;154{\sim}380$ micromole, $24{\sim}59,\;and\;70{\sim}78$. Except iodine values, all the chemical values were affected by variety and package-type. Ether and $CHCl_3-extracts$ of the granules from IC and Shimabara were subjected to GLC and TLC analyses. In case of IC, the major fatty acids were palmitic, stearic, and oleic (30.0, 18.8, 40.6), while in case of Shimabara they were palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids (26.7, 39.6, 23.4%). The major lipid classes were, in both cases, triglycerides and phospholipids. Their contents were raspectively 19.1 and 43.1 (IC), and 30.1 and 37.4% (Shimabara).

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Changes in Composition of Fish Meat by Thermal Processing at High Temperatures (고온가열처리에 의한 어육성분의 변화)

  • Oh, Kwang-Soo;Kim, Jeong-Gyun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.459-464
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    • 1991
  • The mackerel meat was packed in square No 3B can, and thermally processed at $121.1^{\circ}C$ to reach Fo values of 5, 10 and 15. On heating at $121.1^{\circ}C$, pH and volatile basic nitrogen content increased markedly, and histamine was detected at concentrations of 3.98 mg/100g in raw meat, 10.45 mg/100g in Fo 5 sample, 7.54 mg/100g in Fo 15 sample, respectively. Total free amino acid content of mackerel meat decreased with increasing Fo values. Little changes were observed in free amino acid composition, but histidine decreased significantly during heat treatment. Degradation of inosine monophosphate was proceeded during preparation and thermal processing of samples, and trimethylamine oxide changed to trimethylamine almost equivalently. In changes of lipid components, peroxide and carbonyl values were increased markedly during heat treatment. When the sample was heated at the Fo values of 5 or higher, content of non-polar lipid(NL) was increased while that of polar lipid(PL) was decreased, and percentages of polyenes such as 22 : 6 decreased with increasing Fo values. The decomposition of polyunsaturated fatty acids in PL were much greater than those in total lipid and NL.

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Effects of hot water extracts of roasted radish against renal oxidative stress induced by high-fat diet (고지방식사로 유도된 신장 산화스트레스를 개선하는 가압볶음 무말랭이 열수추출물 효과)

  • Jeon, Yeonhui;Kim, Mijeong;Han, Seongkyung;Song, Yeong-Bok;Song, Yeong Ok
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.203-208
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    • 2017
  • The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of roasted dried radish (RDR) against renal oxidative stress were examined in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. The HFD was prepared by adding lard to chow diet to provide 50% of the calories from fat. Hot water extracts of dried radish (DR) or RDR were administered orally to mice at 237 mg/kg bw/day, whereas distilled water was administered as a vehicle for 12 weeks. Compared to the control group, renal reactive oxygen species, peroxynitrite, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance level in the DR or RDR group were significantly decreased, whereas the glutathione level was increased (p<0.05). Protein expressions of antioxidant factors such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2, heme oxygenase-1, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were significantly increased in the DR and RDR groups; however, nuclear factor-kappa B expression was suppressed (p<0.05). These antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of RDR were found to be significantly greater than those of DR.

Studies on the Lipid Components of Ginkgo Nut (은행종실(銀杏種實)의 지질성분(脂質成分)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Chung, Ann-Suk;Shin, Hyo-Sun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.119-123
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    • 1978
  • Lipids, extracted with chloroform-methanol (2:1 by vol.) and purified, from nut and leaf of Ginkgo biloba were identified and quantitatived by column, thin layer and gas liquid chromatography. The results were summarized as follow: 1) The total content of purified lipids in the nut and leaf on the fresh weight basis were 1.32% and 2.24%, respectively. 2) The lipid fractions in the nut obtained by silicic acid colum chromatography were found to be composed of about 89% neutral lipids and about 10% compound lipids, and in the leaf were found to be composed of about 28% neutral lipids and about 72% compound lipids. 3) Among the neutral lipid fractions, triglycerides (86.2%) were the major component in the nut, but esterified sterols (53.3%) were the major component in the leaf. 4) The main fatty acids of the total lipids were oleic(37.5%) and linoleic acid(44.5%) in the nut, but linolenic(45.2%) and palmitic acid (25.1%) were main fatty acids in the leaf. The patterns of fatty acid composition of the neutral lipid fractions in the nut and leaf were found to be similar, and oleic, linoleic and palmitic acid were the predominant. A large amount of oleic and linoleic acid in the glycolipid fractions was found in the nut compared with those in the leaf, but linolenic acid content in the leaf was significantly higher than in the nut. And patterns of fatty acid composition of the phospholipid fractions in the nut and leaf were found to be similar to that of glycolipid fractions.

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Effects of ethanol extract of Polygonatum sibiricum rhizome on obesity-related genes (황정 에탄올 추출물의 비만 조절 유전자에 대한 효과)

  • Jeon, Woo-Jin;Lee, Do-Seop;Shon, Suh-Youn;Seo, Yun-Ji;Yeon, Seung-Woo;Kang, Jae-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.384-391
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    • 2016
  • In previous studies, we confirmed that the ethanol extract of Polygonatum sibiricum (ID1216) has anti-obesity effects on high-fat diet-fed mice. To identify the obesity-related genes affected by ID1216, we studied its effects both in vivo and in vitro. In mice, single administration of ID1216 increased the expression of obesity-related genes including sirtuin1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ coactivator $1{\alpha}$ ($PGC1{\alpha}$) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\alpha}$ ($PPAR{\alpha}$) compared to that in mice administered the vehicle; their downstream genes (uncoupling proteins, acyl-CoA oxidase, adipocyte protein 2, and hormone-sensitive lipase) were also increased by ID1216. In fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, ID1216 showed the same effects on anti-obesity genes as those in the animal model. Based on these results, we propose that ID1216 has anti-obesity effects by regulating the $SIRT1-PGC1{\alpha}-PPAR{\alpha}$ pathway and their downstream genes, thereby controlling energy and lipid metabolisms.

Solubilization and Reconstitution of ${\Delta}^{5}-3{\beta}$-Hydroxy Steroid Acyl Transferase from the Rat Brain (쥐 뇌의 ${\Delta}^{5}-3{\beta}$-Hydroxy Steroid Acyl 전이효소의 용해 및 Liposome에서의 재구성)

  • Ko, Kyu-Jung;Park, In-Ho;Han, Beom-Ku;Jo, Do-Hyun
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.320-324
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    • 1995
  • Solubilization of microsomal ${\Delta}^{5}-3{\beta}$-hydroxy steroid acyl transfearse(${\Delta}^{5}-3{\beta}$-OH-SAT) of rat brain and its reconstitution into liposomes were investigated. Among the detergents utilized for the solubilization, deoxycholic acid was superior to Tween 80 or Triton X-100 for the reconstituted activity of ${\Delta}^{5}-3{\beta}$-OH-SAT. The enzyme activity was shown to be affected by the nature of phospholipids used for the preparation of the liposome. Phosphatidylcholines from egg yolk and soybean showed the highest activity of ${\Delta}^{5}-3{\beta}$-OH-SAT and phosphatidylethanolamine came next. However phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid showed a lower activity than those obtained before the reconstitution. This study suggests that the presence of quaternary ammonium salt or amine group in the phospholipids stimulates the activity of ${\Delta}^{5}-3{\beta}$-OH-SAT. However the presence of a carboxylic group or the absence of the amine group may have an inhibitory effect on the ${\Delta}^{5}-3{\beta}$-OH SAT.

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