• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.24 no.11 s.277
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• pp.120-122
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• 1992

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.35-45
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• 1996

In order to investigate the possibility of treating nightsoil sludge, the growth trend experiments with vermicompsting was performed and the stability of worm castings was evaluated by the analysis of minerals according to growth periods. Survival rate(SR) of earthworms decreased as earthworms grow up to 7 weeks. The growth period of the earthworms could be classified into two phases on the basis of the ratios of cast to feed ingested(ID). The growth period of the earthworms up to 3 weeks, the high percentage of dry weight of feed ingested(ID) is mainly utiliz-ed to an increase in fresh weight of earthworms, and after the 3 weeks, it is utilized to cast production in this experiment, respectively. The highest values of increasing rate(IR) and biomass of the earthworms(BE) were obtained at 3 weeks and those were 10.59mg/day and 14.48g, respectively. Between the increasing rate(IR) and biomass of the earthworms(BE), a highly positive correlation coefficient(p<0.001) ap-peared. The highest values of biomass of the earthworms(BE) and cast production(CW) were obtained at 3 and 7 weeks, respectively. All the concentrations of minerals except calcium(Ca) in worm castings was lower than the values in nightsoil sludge. It was considered that the major portion of minerals in nightsoil sludge may have been retained in the bodies of earthworms. And these values were lower than the regulated levels in organic fertilizers that the regula-tion standards. In conclusion, the worm castings are very stable for the use as soil conditioner or organic fertilizers.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.38 no.5 s.439
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• pp.131-133
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• 2006

우리는 흔히 육계 하면 대충 키워서 가격이 적당하면 팔아 이윤을 내면 되는거 아니냐 하면서 참 쉽게만 생각해 왔다. 그러나 이제는 육계산업도 대형화, 집단화, 전업농화 되면서 방역이라는 개념이 들어 왔고, 적절한 사양관리 프로그램이나 방역의 개념 없이는 사육하기가 어려워진 것은 틀림없다. 특히 육종개량이 되어 더욱 증체가 빨라진 것은 사실이며, 사육 요점은 증체 속도에 따른 환경조건을 어떻게 만드느냐이며, 이를 위해서 입추에서 출하까지 매일 24시간 병아리와 환기상태 등의 변화를 관찰하고 이에 적합한 관리를 해야한다. 전염병 부분에서는 다른 축종과 다르게 매우 급속도로 퍼지고 피해도 한 농가당 수천 만원에 이르는 경우도 있어 방역 관리는 어느 축종보다도 중요하다고 하겠다. 즉 사육자는 임의대로 판단하지 말고 "정말로 병아리가 원하는 환경이 무엇인가?"를 사육자는 이해 해야하며 이것이 최대한 근접할 수 있도록 실현한다면 약제에 의존함이 없이 건강하고 만족할 만한 성적을 거둘 수 있을 것이다. 우리는 여기에서는 육계입추의 기본이 소독과 온도, 습도관리를 비롯한 사양관리, 백신 및 그로 인한 스트레스의 극복과 표준 프로그램을 제시하여 육계 병아리의 입추 전후부터 출하까지의 사양관리를 살펴보려 한다.

• Monthly Duck's Village
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• v.63 no.9
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• pp.56-59
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• 2008

육용오리는 가급적 적은 사료를 이용하여 성장속도를 최대한 빠르게 하는 동시에 체지방이 필요 이상 축적되지 않은 우수한 육질이 되도록 사육하는 것이 중요하다. 오리는 어릴 때 발육속도가 빠르므로 사료 중 단백질 수준이 오리의 발육, 특히 초기 성장기의 중체량에 크게 영향을 미친다. 첫 2주간에 최대한 증체를 위해서는 22% 단백질사료를 급여해야 하며, 오리가 성장함에 따라 단백질 요구량은 점차 감소하게 된다. 그러나 오리의 육성기 전기간을 16% 수준의 단백질사료를 급여하더라도 사양환경이 좋으면 출하체중에는 영향이 없게 된다. 즉, 육성초기에는 단백질 급여량의 부족으로 성장이 떨어지게 될지라도 후기에 가서는 쉽게 이를 회복하는 능력이 있다.

• Monthly Korean Chicken
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.84-89
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• 2009

모든 원자재 가격이 오르면서 육계산업의 핵심요소 중 하나인 병아리 생산비용이 수당 550원 이상이 되었다. 이러한 현실은 많은 것을 의미하는데 그중 하나가 병아리 한 마리 한 마리의 가치가 높아졌다는 것이고, 한 마리의 병아리라도 소홀할 수 없는 개체개념이 생겼다는 것이다. 육계의 특성상 대군 밀집사육을 하다 보니 소나 돼지처럼 한 마리의 개체개념이 상대적으로 약한 편이지만 이제는 개체관리에도 신경써야 할 시기가 왔다고 판단된다. 육계의 사육일정이 단축되어 29일령에 1.6kg이상 출하해도 놀라운 일이 아닐 정도로 육계사육의 증체속도도 매우 빨라졌다. 따라서 육추기간 동안의 사육 상태에 따라 출하성적 전체에 영향을 주고 있다는 것이다. 이러 이유로 필자의 원고방향도 육추관리에 더 많은 관심을 갖게 된 것이다. 이번 2월호에서는 농장마다 조건이 모두 다르기 때문에 육추방법이 같을 수는 없지만 육추관리에서의 5가지 기준은 어느 농장이나 동일한 기준을 준수해야 한다. 그 기준을 알아보고자 한다.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.120-121
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• 2019

지난해에는 육계 산지 가격이 생산비 이하에 형성돼 '불황' 그 자체였다. 기록적인 폭염으로 600만수 이상의 닭이 폐사했고, 이후 선선해진 날씨로 증체가 원활해지면서 육용병아리 생산량이 급속도로 증가한 결과다. 더군다나 전년도에 비해 33.3%증가(15만794톤)한 닭고기 수입물량까지 더해져 수급 과잉으로 인해 육계농가들이 어려운 한 해를 보냈다. 2019년 기해년(己亥年) 돼지해를 맞아 육계산업의 불황을 타계하고 한 단계 도약을 위한 2019년 육계위원회 운영방안에 대해 들어보았다.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.96-102
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was estimate the optimal phosphorus and calcium levels of Korean native cow manure on the growth and cast production of earthworm(Eisenia foetida). Phosphorus and calcium levels supplemented to cow manure were 0%(without earthworm), 2% and 4%, and 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.04% and 0.06% of the cow manure by weight, respectively. The maximum fresh weight and increasing rate of earthworm were obtained with 2% phosphorus level, but there was not significant differences between calcium levels. The ratios of available phosphorus to calcium contents of cast were 1.04-1.20:1 with 2%, and 1.28-1.37:1 with 4% phosphorus levels. Conversion rate of organic matter to earthworm tissue were 0.35-0.41% with 2%, and 0.25-0.40% with 4% phosphorus levels.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.689-694
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• 2003

Weight records of Hanwoo cows from birth to 36 months of age collected in Daekwanryeong branch, National Livestock Research Institute(NLRI) were fitted to Gompertz, von Bertalanffy and Logistic functions. For the growth curve parameters fitted on individual records using Gompertz model, the mean estimates of mature weight(A), growth ratio(b) and growth rate(k) were 383.42 ${\pm}$ 97.29kg, 2.374 ${\pm}$ 0.340 and 0.0037 ${\pm}$ 0.0012, respectively, and mean estimates of body weight, age and daily gain rate at inflection were 141.05 ${\pm}$ 35.79kg, 255.63 ${\pm}$ 109.09 day and 0.500 ${\pm}$ 0.123kg, respectively. For von BertalanfTy model, the mean estimates of A, b and k were 410.47 ${\pm}$ 117.98kg, 0.575${\pm}$0.057 and 0.003 ${\pm}$ 0.001, and mean estimates of body weight, age and daily gain at inflection were 121.62 ${\pm}$ 34.94kg, 211.02 ${\pm}$ 105.53 and 0.504 ${\pm}$ O.l24kg. For Logistic model, the mean estimates of A, b and k were 347.64 ${\pm}$ 97.29kg, 6.73 ${\pm}$ 0.34 and 0.006 ${\pm}$ 0.0018, and mean estimates of body weight, age and daily gain at inflection were 173.82 ${\pm}$ 37.25kg, 324.47 ${\pm}$ 126.85 and 0.508 ${\pm}$ 0.131kg. Coefficients of variation for the A, b and k parameter estimates were 25.3%, 14.3% and 32.4%, respectively, for Gompertz model, 28.70/0, 9.9% and 33.3% for von Bertalanffy model, and 27.9°/0, 5.0% and 30.0% for Logistic model.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.287-298
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• 2008

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different feed conditions on growth, cast production and conversion efficiency of organic matter to the earthworm. The experiment was tested on cow manure(CM) mixed with rice hulls (RH) or rice straw(RS). The mixture ratios were designed as one time, two times and three times of cow manure volume, respectively. The CM and RH mixtures resulted better on growth rate, reproductive efficiency and wormcast production than those for CM and RS mixtures. Especially on three times of RH mixture showed the highest growth characteristics compared to the other mixtures. Although both were between 20 and 34 on carbon and nitrogen ratio, the result inferred that the difference on the growth might have been caused by feeding conditions. On the mixtures of cow manure with rice hulls(CM+RH) was significantly higher on values on the conversion rate and conversion efficiency of organic matter to earthworm tissues than the mixtures of cow manure with rice straw(CM+RS). The most concerned point of the mixture of earthworm feed is that high contents of volatile solid and total carbon that increases in conversion efficiency of organic matter to earthworm tissues, and also causes the increase in growth rate and reproductive efficiency. The wormcast could be used as a valuable plant growth medium or soil conditioner for sustainable agriculture and it may be due to their high qualities of physico-chemical properties.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.37-49
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• 1982

Larvae of the silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) were reared during the 5th instar on the four kinds of artificial diets on the basis of the different amounts of soybean meal used as the protein source. In this experiment it was shown that the various levels of protein in the diet affected not only the growth and silk production but the digestibility of the diet. haemolymph protein and uric acid excretion. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. By an increase of the level of protein in the diet the apparant digestibility was increased. but the protein digestibility was comparatively decreased. 2. Larval body weight increment was not observed by the 3rd day of the 5th instar, but was increased from the 4th day as the level of protein was increased in the diet. 3. After the 3rd day of the 5th instar, protein content in the hemolymph was increased steeply by an increase of the protein content in the diet. However, the percentage of hemolymph protein to the ingested protein was decreased from the 2nd day of the 5th instar and increased more or less after the 4th day. 4. An increase of the uric acid excretion was observed as the content of protein in the diet was increased but the pattern of the uric acid excretion was different between high and low-protein diet. However, the percentage of the uric acid excretion to the ingested protein and to the hemolymph protein were both decreased steeply after the 2nd day of the 5th instar. 5. It was also evident that the high-protein diet increased the cocoon productivity. 6. It showed that the feed efficiency for body weight increment and silk formation was high by an increase of the level of protein in the diet, but the protein efficiency was not.