• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2007

This paper analyses the effect of parameters on the consequences of the unconfined vapor cloud explosion accident (UVCE) by the release of heavy gas (xylene vapor). Simulation results showed that the overpresure was increased with the increase of the release hole diameter and with the decrease of the interested distance and the wind speed. While, the overpresure was not nearly affected by the release height, weather and environmental conditions. From the results of the consequence analysis and analysis of affecting the consequences of UVCE, the emergency plan should be established taking into account these parameters.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1995

To evaluate readily the effect of unconfined vapor cloud explosion(UVCE) having high possibility of accident and risk in chemical industries, the expert system of UVCE was developed and its applicability on a real accident was analyzed. We found that the hazard of UVCE could be well evaluated from the TNT equivalency model and the empirical loss data produced by overpressure for chemical facilities. By using the developed expert system, the size of vapor cloud, the quantity of vaporization, the released energy, the overpressure range from explosion point, and the impact damage of each installation could be estimated respectively. Also, probable maximum loss and catastrophic loss potential for real accident( cyclohexane release in Flixborough Nypro company) were estimated and compared with damages of the accident. As a result, the developed expert system could be well applicable to real accident.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2000

The consequence analysis for the unconfined vapor cloud explosion(UVCE) accident by the continuous release of butane vapor was performed and effects of process parameters on consequences were analyzed in standard conditions. For the case of continuous release(87.8 kg/s) of butane vapor at 8 m elevated height in the debutanizing process of tile naphtha cracking plant operating at 877 kPa ＆ 346.75 K, we found that combustion ranges of dispersed vapor estimated by HMP model were 11.2~120.2 m and overpressures estimated by TNT equivalency model at 200 m were about 37.35~55.1 kPa. Also, overpressures estimated by Model UVCE I based on advective travel time to $X_{LFL}$ were smaller than those estimated by Model UVCE IIbased on real travel time between $X_{UFL}$ and $X_{LFL}$. At the same time, damage intensities at 200 m and effect ranges by overpressure could be predicted. Furthermore, simulation results showed that effects of operating pressures on consequences were larger than those of operating temperatures and results of accidents were increased with increasing operating pressures. At this time, sensitivities of overpressures for UVCE accident by the continuous release were about 5 kPa/atm.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

Transition of momentum-controlling hydrogen jet to buoyant jet is experimentally investigated in order to develop a prediction model for the moving trajectory of hydrogen leaked from hydrogen devices. In the experiments, room-temperature helium, that has a similar density to the hydrogen leaked from high pressure tank, is horizontally injected through a 4mm tube and its moving trajectory is visualized by the shadowgraph method. The moving trajectories are found to be parabolic, thereby exhibiting increasing influence of the buoyancy. In analyzing the experimental results, the vertical movement is assumed to be controlled by the buoyancy while the horizontal movement is controlled by the air entrainment caused by the initial momentum. The resealing based on this assumption yields a single curve fitting to the all experimental results.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

In order to establish detailed plans for fire protection and reduce the possible fire accidents in the future, a study on the shock wave caused by VCE(Vapor Cloud Explosion) is very important. Destruction phenomena of structure by gas explosion is due to the explosion pressure and heat. Explosion pressure is a kind of energy converted from the gas mixture explosion. Therefore, the propagation progress of shock wave and flame is very important. This study investigated the shock wave caused by VCE in enclosure with opened vent port. From a result, the vent port of top at the straight line of ignition and leak location was opened most rapidly, and the vertical vent port not opened.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회A
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• pp.54-59
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• 2007

In order to establish detailed plans for fire protection and reduce the possible fire accidents in the future, a study on the shock wave caused by VCE(Vapor Cloud Explosion) is very important. Destruction phenomena of structure by gas explosion is due to the explosion pressure and heat. Explosion pressure is a kind of energy converted from the gas mixture explosion. Therefore, the propagation progress of shock wave and flame is very important. This study investigated the shock wave caused by VCE in enclosure with opened vent port. From a result, the vent port of top at the straight line of ignition and leak location was opened most rapidly, and the vertical vent port not opened.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2010

This paper is estimation of structure damage caused by Explosion in LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas) filling station. As we estimate the influence of damage which occur at gas storage tank in filling station. We can utilize the elementary data of safety distance. In this study, the influence of over-pressure caused by VCE(Vapor Cloud Explosion) in filling station was calculated by using the Hopkinson's scaling law and the accident damage was estimated by applying the influence on the adjacent structure into the probit model. As a result of the damage estimation conducted by using the probit model, both the damage possibility of explosion overpressure to structures of max 265 meters away and to glass bursting of 1150 meters away was nearly zero in open space explosion.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2012

BPA 공장의 메탄올 분리공정에서 HAZOP 평가를 실시하고, 사고 시나리오로부터 화재 및 폭발 사고의 피해범위를 예측하였다. 그 결과, 화재사고의 피해범위는 50 mm 직경의 안전밸브 토출배관 파열에 의한 제트화재에서는 20 m이었고, 설비가 전파되어 플래쉬화재가 발생되는 경우에는 267 m이었다. 또한 개방공간 증기운 폭발사고의 피해범위는 토출배관 파열에서는 22 m이었고, 설비 전파인 경우에는 542 m이었다. 그리고 최악의 누출 시나리오에 대한 안전대책으로는 메탄올 분리컬럼 내부의 이상압력 상승을 감지할 수 있는 압력계를 2 out of 3 voting으로 설비 상부에 설치하여 주공급라인 상에 설치된 컨트롤밸브와 긴급차단밸브를 동시에 차단할 수 있도록 하여야 한다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2023

수소에너지 기술은 4차 산업 시대에서 주목받는 중요한 분야로 수소와 산소를 활용하여 전기 에너지를 생성하는 기술이다. 이 기술을 군사 차량에 적용할 경우, 온실가스 감소, 무소음, 저 진동 및 낮은 발열량의 효과로서 군사적으로 전략적 이점을 얻을 수 있어 다국에서 수소 군사 차량을 위한 연구 중이다. 우리나라 또한 미래 군사 차량에 수소를 적용하고 소형화 및 AI를 통한 스마트화 시키는 미래전을 대비한 전략인 Army Tiger4.0 계획을 수립하였다. 또한 국방부는 군용 수소충전소 설치에 따라 군 내 수소차 보급에도 탄력이 붙을 것으로 예상하여 환경부와의 협력으로 군용 수소충전소를 전국적으로 확충하기 위한 계획을 수립하였다. 하지만 수소는 화재와 폭발 위험물질로 안전한 충전소 구축과 효과적인 관리를 위한 체계적인 제도가 필요하다. 현재 군에서는 지정한 수소충전소 시설의 분류와 설치 조건을 군 시설 설계지침서를 통해 확인하였다. 그 결과, 충전소는 주유 시설로 분류되며 인접 건물과의 최소 안전거리를 2m 이상으로 이격시키는 것만 명시되어 있을 뿐 안전거리에 대한 그 외의 내용은 명시되지 않았다. 폭발의 규모가 큰 수소의 특성을 고려하여 과학적 기법을 통해 사고 피해 범위를 정량적으로 파악하고 피해 거리 밖으로 최소 안전거리를 제시하였다.