• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.146-154
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• 2009

Multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA) is a PCR-based method to detect gene dosage. Since its introduction, MLPA has been used to test a large number of genes for major deletions or duplications. Genetic testing, as a diagnostic tool for genetic disease, has been used primarily to identify point mutations, including base substitutions and small insertions/deletions, using PCR and sequence analysis. However, it is difficult to identify large deletions or duplications using routine PCR- gel based assays, especially in heterozygotes. The MLPA is a more feasible method for identification of gene dosage than another routine PCR-based methods, and better able to detect deleterious deletions or duplications. In addition to detection of gene dosage, MLPA can be applied to identify methylation patterns of target genes, aneuploidy during prenatal diagnoses, and large deletions or duplications that may be associated with various cancers. The MLPA method offers numerous advantages, as it requires only a small amount of template DNA, is applicable to a wide variety of applications, and is high-throughput. On the other hand, this method suffers from disadvantages including the possibility of false positive results affected by template DNA quality, difficulties identifying SNPs located in probe sequences, and analytical complications in quantitative aspects.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2008

Purpose : Large exon deletions in the DMD gene are found in about 60% of DMD/BMD patients. Multiplex PCR has been employed to detect the deletion mutation, which frequently generates noise PCR products due to the presence of multiple primers in a single reaction as well as the stringency of PCR conditions. This often leads to a false-negative or false-positive result. To address this problematic issue, we introduced the dual primer oligonucleotide (DPO) system. DPO contains two separate priming regions joined by a polydeoxyinosine linker that results in high PCR specificity even under suboptimal PCR conditions. Methods : We tested 50 healthy male controls, 50 patients with deletion mutation as deletion-positive patient controls, and 20 patients with no deletions as deletion-negative patient controls using DPO-multiplex PCR. Both the presence and extent of deletion were verified by simplex PCR spanning the promoter region (PM) and 18 exons including exons 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 13, 17, 19, 43-48, 50-52, and 60 in all 120 controls. Results : DPO-multiplex PCR showed 100% sensitivity and specificity for the detection a deletion. However, it showed 97.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity for determining the extent of deletions. Conclusion : The DPO-multiplex PCR method is a useful molecular test to detect large deletions of DMD for the diagnosis of patients with DMD/BMD because it is easy to perform, fast, and cost-effective and has excellent sensitivity and specificity.

• 대한치과보철학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1995.12a
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• pp.67-68
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• 1995

• 보건세계
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• v.40 no.3 s.439
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• pp.24-24
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• 1993

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.83-87
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• 2004

본 연구는 고해상도의 충적층 지하수위 분포 조사를 위한 탄성파 굴절법 조사 방법을 소개하고 부여 군수리 충적층 일대에서 이 기법을 통해, 획득된 실제 충적층내의 지하수위 조사 결과를 제시한다. 기본적으로 본 연구에서 활용된 연속 굴절파 중합 방식은 동일 공심점(common mid point, 이후 CMP)을 갖는 굴절파 신호를 취합하고, 이격 거리(offset)에 대한 시간 지연 효과 보정을 수행한 후, 이들 신호를 중합하여, 충적층의 지하수위면에서 굴절된 신호를 보다 뚜렷이 부각시켜 정확한 지하수위 정보를 획득 하는 방식으로 일명 CMP 굴절법이라고도 한다. 이 방식은 독일에서 최초 개발되었으나(Gebrande, 1986; Orlowsky 등, 1998), 국내에서 적용되기는 본 연구가 최초이다. 이러한 탄성파의 굴절 신호를 사용하는 방식은 우선, 기존의 일반적인 고해상도 반사법 탐사에서 잡음으로 여겨졌던 굴절파 신호를 활용할 수 있으며, 고해상도 반사법 탐사와 동일한 배열과 운영 방식으로 획득된 자료에서 원하는 정보를 획득할 수 있으므로, 고해상도 반사법에 의한 기반암 조사와 함께 적용될 경우, 정화한 충적 대수층의 분포를 조사할 수 있게 하여주는 획기적인 조사 신기술이다. 개발된 기법은 부여 군수리 충적층 지역을 대상으로 적용되었으며, 그 결과 기존의 어떠한 지구물리 조사 방법보다 정확하고 분명한 지하수위 분포를 보여주었다.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.294-299
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• 1998

To prove pseudo-homopolymerization(PHP) method indirectly for general system which includes more than one growing radicals per particle, Mayo-Lewis equation of bulk copolymer system was derived form probability equation about instantaneous copolymer composition of emulsion copolymer system during interval II. From Extended Smith-Ewart equation proposed by Ballard et al. in emulsion copolymerization, exact solution was obtained for 0-1 system (i.e., the system containing no more than one growing radical per particle). From the exact solution, average number of radicals per particle and instantaneous copolymer composition were predicted to reach the steady state which a few minutes. So the reliability of this approximation method could by proved directly for 0-1 system. Styrene-butadiene(St-Bu) and Styrene-methyl methacrylate (St-MMA) system were used for model calculations.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.102-109
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the linear polymerization shrinkage(%) and microhardness of composite resin(Z-100, 3M, USA) according to 2-step light curing method. Conventional light curing unit(Curing Light 2500, 3M USA) and 2-step light curing unit(Elipar Highlight, ESPE, Germany) were used as light source. The strain gauge method was used for determination of polymerization shrinkage(%). Samples were divided by 3 groups according to light curing methods (Group I : $450mW/cm^2$, 40sec, Group II : $650mW/cm^2$, 40sec, Group III : $150mW/cm^2$, 10sec & $650mW/cm^2$, 30sec). Preparations of acrylic molds were followed by filling and curing. Strain gauges attached to each sample were connected to a strainmeter. Measurements were recorded at each second for the total of 10 minutes including the periods of light application. And microhardness of each group after 24hours from light irradiation were measured. Obtained data were analyzed statistically using Ore-way ANOVA and/or Scheffe test. The results of the present study can be summarized as follows: 1. Composite resin in acrylic molds showed the initial expansion at the early phase of polymerization. This was followed by the contraction with the rapid increase in volume during the first 60 seconds and gradually diminished as curing process continued. 2. The lowest linear polymerization shrinkage(%) was found in group III followed by group I, II during the measuring periods. 3. Group III using 2-step curing method showed statistically significant reduction of linear polymerization shrinkage(%) compared with group I, II at 1 minute and 10 minutes from light irradiation(p<0.05). 4. The microhardness values of each group not revealed significant difference.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 1999

This paper describes a datuming scheme for a prestack dataset which uses wavefield depth extrapolation. The formulation of the prestack datuming algorithm is performed by finding the adjoint operator to the corresponding forward prestack wavefield extrapolation from a flat surface to an irregular surface. Here I used double-square-root (DSR) equation to extrapolate wavefield in prestack sense. This correspond to the forward model of the well known `survey sinking` prestack imaging algorithm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.468-473
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• 2003

유화중합은 물을 용매로 사용하기 때문에 화재와 폭발의 위험성이 없고 환경문제가 없으며 원료 원가 면에서 저렴한 특징이 있기 때문에 수요가 매년 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 이 같은 장점을 지닌 유화중합은 물을 분산매로 폴리머를 제조하는 유용한 기술이지만 유화제, 이온성의 개시제 등과 같이 폴리머 본래의 성질을 저하시키며 물에 잘 용해되는 성분을 수반한다. 따라서 이러한 기존 유화중합법의 단점을 보완한 새로운 에멀젼 라텍스 제조기술로서, 유화제 대신에 폴리비닐알콜과 같은 보호폴로이드 또는 유기 과산화물을 사용하는 무유화제 제조기법에 대한 연구가 이루어지고, 이와 같이 제조된 에멀젼 라텍스는 기존 공정에 의해 제조된 제품에 비해 내수성과 건조된 필름의 인장 강도 및 여러 매트릭스에 대한 부착력이 향상된다. 그러나 이들 방법으로 제조된 폴리머도 복합 물성이 요구되는 분야에는 한계가 있어 복합 라텍스 제조에 대한 새로운 연구가 최근에 많이 되고 있다.(중략)

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 1998

We fabricated acrylamie photopolymer holographic recording materials by photopolymerization of acrylamide, and described hologram formation process. Light absorption and phtobleaching process by MB(methylene blue) dye and radical polymerization process due to TEA(triethanolamind) are explained in detail. We adopted the Beer-lambert law in order to explain the photobleaching kinetics. Dependencies of diffraction efficiency of the hologram on monomer amout and the exposure are investigated. The scattering effect caused by grain of polymer crystal, and fixing method are also illustrated.