• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.487-496
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical frequency and priority of five pattern identification settled by Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Sign for Stroke. The present study was done over 177 hospitalized patient with stroke in the Daejeon University Oriental Medical Hospital in the period of November 2006 to July 2007. Stroke patients had been interviewed by residents and specialists who studied standard operation procedures in Fundamental study for Standardization and Objectification of Differentiation and Pattern Identification of Syndrome of Oriental Medicine for Stroke. In Heat-transformation pattern group, men showed significantly high frequency and in Deficiency of Gi pattern group, women showed significantly high frequency. In Heat-transformation pattern group, the indicators such as 'aversion to heat during fever', 'flushed face', 'full and rapid pulse', 'dryness of the eyes, 'yellow coating of the tongue', 'feverishness of the limbs', 'dryness of the eyes' showed significantly high frequency. In Dampphlegm syndrome group, the indicators such as 'white coating of the tongue', 'yellowish face', 'thick coating of the tongue', 'wheezing in the throat with sputum', 'swollen tongue', 'slippery pulse' showed significantly high frequency. In Deficiency of Gi pattern group, the indicators such as 'pale tongue', 'lassitude', 'pale face', 'weakness pulse' showed significantly high frequency. In Deficiency of Eum group, the indicators such as 'short and rapid pulse', 'mirror-like tongue' showed significantly high frequency. For more sensitive Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke, Large scale study is to be done, giving weight on the important indicators.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.285-291
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• 1998

After looking into the systems of differentiate syndromes that referred in the Huang Di Nei Jung and the four authority of the Gum-Won dynasty which included the concept of the Myong-Chung dynasty's and the use of various symptoms occurred in clinical observation of apoplexy for material of differentiate syndromes, the result suggested as follows. 1. The system of differentiate syndromes is classified into interior and exterior beforeGum-Won dynasty. 2. In etiological (actors in apoplexy, the four authority of Gum-won dynasty insist on theendogenous theory. they compart the system of differentiate syndromes into apoplexy involving Jang Bu organs and blood vessels, but they did not escape from the system of interior and exterior. 3. The hallmark of exterior symptoms in apoplexy was the presence of syndromes in the six meridians, but in interior, constipation or difficulty in urination was the limitation. A(ter theprevious symptoms had been cured, tonifying therapy was used. 4. New concepts named Endogenous Wind SOTing In The Liver'and others in which oldsystems did not included was presented in Myong-Chung dynasty. 5. The old concept of the interior and exterior symptoms charactered with syndromes in thesix meridians, constipation and difficulty in urination can be replaced with internal andexternal symptoms. In old systems of differentiate symptoms in apoplexy, if replace interior and exteriorsymptoms with internal and external, we can include various differentiate configuration on thebasis of the conclusion. Because symptoms in apoplexy can be used in material of differentiate symptoms, I think that the prolongation of investigation is needed.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.118-125
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• 2011

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an idiopathic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Up to now, treatment of MSA patients had not been reported in Oriental medicine and only rarely reported in Western medicine. We experienced a 75-year-old female diagnosed with MSA and had quadriparesis with dysphagia. She was admitted to the hospital and received herbal medication, acupuncture, moxibustion and rehabilitation therapy. After 2 months, her motor power and swallowing function on video fluoroscopic swallowing test significantly improved. This report shows that Oriental medicine may play a role in the treatment of MSA, and further study is merited.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 2007

1. Objectives This study was to investigate correlation between the diagnosis of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM) and the differentiation of syndromes according to the state of Qi, Blood, Body Fluid, Phlegm retention and the five viscera in storke inpatients. 2. Methods Stroke inpatients were investigated through questionaire of differentiation of syndromes and QSCC2. The results were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA on SPSS 12. 3. Results and Conclusions 1) Soeumin had a high grade on Qi-insufficiency than other consititutions. 2) Soyangin had a low grade on Qi-insufficiency, spleen disease than other consititutions. 3) There were not significant results in the investigation item of the sweating, constipation, diarrhea, anorexia, abdominal pain among the constitutions.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.149-153
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• 2011

In this study, we structuralized the diagnostic indices used for pattern identification (PI) of stroke, and suggested an AHP method to obtain the weights of PI indices. AHP of the subjects under consistency ratio 0.1 showed that the critical indices for stroke PI consists of 9 for Qi-deficiency, 13 for Phlegm/dampness, 7 for blood stagnation, 12 for Yin-deficiency and 16 for Fire/heat. Furthermore, AHP analysis rendered the weights of indices of each PI that will be useful for oriental medical experts to perform objective PI.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.40-52
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• 1997

1. Xiaoke(消渴) had been defined symptoms as polyuria with polydysia in Han and Dang Dynasty(漢唐時代), diagnosed variable disease as to the region of typical symptoms in Jin and Yuan Dynasty(金元時代) and classified into Upper-jiao(上消), Middle-jiao(中消), Lower-jiao(下消) by typical symptoms in Ming and Qing Dynasty(明淸時代). 2. The complications of Xiaoke(消渴) consist of carbuncle and phlegmon(癰疽), hemorrhoid and diarrhea(痔疾), an eye disease(眼病) such as nyctalopia(雀目) and cataract(內障) without Zhongman and Guzhang(中滿鼓脹) resulted from wrong medical treatmentis considered the pathology of Huore(火熱) 3. The pathology of Xiaoke(消渴) has been taken an instance of Shen-zao(腎燥), Five zang-organs's ganzao(五臟乾燥), Zao-re(燥熱), Shi-huo(實火) and Xu-huo(虛火), and since Jin and Yuan Dynasty(金元時代) generally cosidered Zao-re(燥熱). 4 The complications of Xiaoke(消渴) are explained the pathology of Huore(火熱), in the an opinion that the the pathology of Huore(火熱) changed into Zao-re(燥熱), and then Zao(燥), the pathology of Xiaoke(消渴) is similar to Huo(火), the pathology of Jungpung(中風).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.453-458
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• 2008

This study aimed to develop an evaluation reliability of Korean pattern identification for wind stroke. We studied 643 patients with stroke and made a list of registry for each of them. The present study analyzed 553 cases, in which the resident’s pattern identification agreed with the specialist’s one, and the cases included five differentiation pattern: the fire-heat pattern (114), the dampness-phlegm pattern (157), the static blood pattern (11), the Yin deficiency pattern (81), and the Qi deficiency pattern (190). This study showed that none of the Cronbach's alpha reached 0.700, which is the general reliable level. The average Cronbach's alpha of each symptoms was 0.353 for the dampness-phlegm pattern, 0.571 for the fire-heat pattern, 0.443 for the Qi deficiency pattern, 0.451 for the Yin deficiency pattern, and 0.302 for the static blood pattern. This suggests the possibility that each pattern identification could be coincided with other symptoms, and it also shows the limits of pattern identification of this study that narrows the symptoms of paralysis patients into only a single pattern. Continuous compliments and researches should be done referring to this matter. However, the internal consistency analysis of all the pattern identification showed that every Cronbach's alpha were within the range of 0.670 to 0.703, and the Cronbach's alpha of the whole symptoms was evaluated as 0.692, which makes the reliability of the pattern identification as itself almost satisfactory to the general reliable level, and therefore, significant. In the future, continuous clinical research to develope this pattern identification for wind stroke actually applicable to stroke patients needs to be made through accumulating more cases, improving the objectivity.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.230-239
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• 2015

This study was performed to find a relationship between each pattern identification and vascular status using the second derivative of photoplethysmogram waveform(SDPTG) indices. We analyzed 200 subjects who participated in stroke preventive examination. We classified the subjects into four groups of pattern identifications; Fire-Heat pattern(火熱證; FH), Yin Deficiency pattern(陰虛證; YD), Qi Deficiency pattern(氣虛證; QD) and Dampness-Phlegm pattern(濕痰證; DP) that based on Korean Standard Pattern Identifications for Stroke-Ⅲ. We studied a relationship between each pattern identification and the SDPTG. The total number of the subject group was 200, whereas the groups were divided into four groups; Fire-Heat pattern group(n=49), Yin Deficiency pattern(n=57), Qi Deficiency pattern(n=45), and Dampness-Phlegm pattern(n=49). b/a ratio was related with age and systolic blood pressure, c/a ratio was associated with age, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar and Total cholesterol, d/a ratio was affected with age, diastolic blood pressure, and hypertension, e/a ratio was related with age and sex and SDPTG AI was associated with age. c/a ratio and d/a ratio were significantly higher in the Fire-Heat group than in the Qi Deficiency group. SDPTG AI was significantly higher in the Qi Deficiency group than in the Fire-Heat group. The Qi Deficiency group was significantly older than the Fire-Heat group and the number of hypertension patients was significantly more in the Fire-Heat group than in the Qi Deficiency group. Through this study, we found out some significant relationships between each pattern identification group and the SDPTG indices.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2012

Object : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pattern identification (PI) and stroke risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, stroke history, obesity, abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. Methods : 46 patients with acute ischemic stroke were recruited from May 2012 to November, 2012. We analyzed the data of 32 patients, and pattern identification was identified by resident and specialist of Korean medicine. We analized patient's PI and risk factor by Fisher's exact test. Results : We found that Dampness-phlegm group was more related with patient's metabolic syndrome than non Dampness-Phlegm group. And Yin deficiency group had less relationship with patient's metabolic syndrome, obesity, abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia than non Yin deficiency group. Conclusions : According to the analysis, these results provide evidence for relationship between the Dampness-phlegm group, Yin deficiency and metabolic syndrome.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.24-32
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• 2012

Object : The purpose of this study is to observe the correlation between change in pattern identification symptoms and scandinavian stroke scale in ischemic stroke patient who had receive traditional Korean medical treatment and conservative treatment. Methods : 43 subjects were recruited from patients with ischemic stroke within 30 days of onset. We chose the subjects who had at least one follow up session and had checked the score between last follow up session and first session in pattern identification and scandinavian stroke scale. We also assessed the correlation between pattern identification and scandinavian stroke scale. Results : There were significant negative correlation between pattern identification and scandinavian stroke scale in Fire-heat pattern and positive correlation in Dampness-phlegm pattern. Conclusions : This study provides evidence that collaborative treatment maybe effective in improving neurologic symptoms in ischemic stroke patients diagnosed as Fire-heat pattern. Further studies with larger scale and longer observation period, more neurologicscales scales, control group would be required.