• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 1996

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Korea has worked toward environmental conservation and decision making since the Environmental Impact Statement of 1981. In order to implement the EIA process effectively, we have developed a system for and various methods of EIA. Among these methods, the Geographic Information System (GIS), which was introduced recently in Korea, can be used to integrate geographic and attribute data effectively. So GIS begins to increase the necessity of the application in EIA process. This study includes the integration method of the GIS and air dispersion model on the odor impact assessment of $NH_3$ emission in landfill sites. First, it computes surface values by grids using the Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Second, it presents predicted data considering topography and climate by grids. Third, it shows the overlaying analysis of the administrative map including population and odor predictive data. The results could systematically analyze impact areas, and assess residential impact by alternatives. Integration analysis of the air predictive model and GIS as a residential area assessment can support negotiations of public and proponent in EIA.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.36 no.2_2
• /
• pp.293-307
• /
• 2020

Every year, the floating macroalgae, green and golden tide, are massively detected at the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. After influx of them to the aquaculture facility or beach, it occurs enormous economic losses to remove them. Currently, remote sensing is used effectively to detect the floating macroalgae flowed into the coast. But it has difficulties to detect the floating macroalgae exactly because of the wavelength overlapped with other targets in the ocean. Also, it is difficult to distinguish between green and golden tide because they have similar spectral characteristics. Therefore, we tried to distinguish between green and golden tide applying the Deep learning method to the satellite images. To determine the network, the optimal training conditions were searched to train the AlexNet. Also, Gaofen-1 WFV images were used as a dataset to train and validate the network. Under these conditions, the network was determined after training, and used to confirm the test data. As a result, the accuracy of test data is 88.89%, and it can be possible to distinguish between green and golden tide with precision of 66.67% and 100%, respectively. It is interpreted that the AlexNet can be pick up on the subtle differences between green and golden tide. Through this study, it is expected that the green and golden tide can be effectively classified from various objects in the ocean and distinguished each other.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.381-394
• /
• 2005

There is a little agreement about the characteristics of the company town proposed by the Federation of the Korean Industries(FKI). So the purpose of this study is to figure out the FKI's company town, It is begun with the history and the characteristics of the Western company town and the company town of Japanese type. The process of the company town issue from the first proposal of the FKI is examined. Particularly, the definitions, the examples and the expected effects of the company town in the reports supporting the FKI's proposal are explored. Western company town could be characterized by the economic simplicity and the important role of single firm for supply of jobs, houses, etc. In the light of the results of this study, the FKI's company town was based on the western company town especially in definition, influenced by the company town of Japanese type and then identified with industrial clusters. Consequently there is some disaccordance among the definitions, the examples and the expected effects of the FKI's company town. Giving shape to the FKI's company town project in desirable way, it should be developed in small scale at first, with many related enterprises and public institutions to meet their spatial demand and in related with the other new town projects, for example, future innovative city and innovative cluster.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.459-466
• /
• 2012

A difficulty encountered in engineering seismic mapping is that reflection events from shallow discontinuities are commonly overlapped with coherent noise such as air wave, direct waves, head waves, and high-amplitude surface waves. Here, the radial trace transform, a simple geometric re-mapping of a trace gather (x-t domain) to another trace gather (v-t domain), is applied to investigate the rejection effect of coherent linear noises. Two different types of data sets were selected as a representative database: good-quality data for intermediate sounding (hundreds of meters) in a sedimentary basin and very noisy data for shallow (${\leq}50m$) mapping of the weathered zone and bedrock surface. Results obtained with cascaded application of the radial transform and low-cut filtering proved to be as good as, or better than, those produced using f-k filtering, and were especially effective for air wave and direct wave. This simple transform enables better understanding of the characteristics of various types of noise in the RT domain, and can be generally applied to overcoming diffractions and back-scatterings caused by joints, fractures, and faults commonly that are encountered in geotechnical problems.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2012

This study proposes an approach to improve the accuracy of land assessment result focused on the Land Suitability Assessment. The detailed analysis processes are; (a) that they are analyzed considering resistance in distance measurement on the space characteristics of location, and; (b) that an assessment result is measured according to the threshold definition of membership function, which is applied in estimating conservation suitability. The assessment results are; firstly, the method considering resistance better reflects the local characteristics of area with worse accessibility including rivers and mountains than one by linear distance; secondly, the existing method that the maximum value of a target area is defined as the maximum threshold may draw a value evaluated lower than a threshold definition considering the distribution of measured indices. Finally, satellite images are overlapped with the assessed results, the applicability level from the approach proposed by this study is more coincident with the present status. The assessment method proposed by this study can be meaningful in view of that it improves the accuracy of Land Suitability Assessment. Furthermore, it can be applied as SDSS, which can support effective establishment of urban policies, in case of complementing the problems in executing the assessment system.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.171-188
• /
• 2013

Landuse changes and cadastral information error categories in the four major river areas were analyzed for the use of policy data as cadastral re-arrangement of national and public lands would be required, using high-resolution air-photographs and cadastral maps before and after the river development. The study sites were the river areas of 40km around four dams of the Nakdong river where their landuses were changed most. As the results, national and public lands reached 79.9% of land parcels and 93.3% of land areas of the study sites similar with those of the four river areas, 84.3% of land parcels and 85.5% of land areas. The landuse classification of the study sites before the four river development was consisted most of 'river'(71.6%) and 'rice field'(12.3%), but after the development the 'river' was reduced to 42.7% and 'park area'(19.6%) including sport fields and 'mixed lots'(20.8%) were increased. Also, 86.7% of land parcels before the development could be reduced after the development if administrative districts and land ownerships were not considered. Cadastral information error categories can be found as cadastral polygon missing, polygon overlap, location and boundary non-coincidence, small polygon generation, and non-coincidence between cadastral boundary and river boundary. Landuse change monitoring method using air-photographs will be useful to analyze landuse state through fast information aquisition and to manage properties of national and public lands such as river areas.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.34 no.2 s.103
• /
• pp.109-119
• /
• 2004

This study aimed at investigating the skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue changes of Class III malocclusion cases treated by second molar extraction. The lateral cephalograms of 15 subjects with moderate Class III malocclusion by average ANB $-1.4^{\circ}\;and\;IMPA\;85^{\circ}$ were traced and the computerized superimposition of average craniofacial change was made. The data was gathered and statistically analyzed. The results were as follows: 1 Lower anterior facial height/anterior facial height increased by 0.6%(P<0.01), mandibular plane increased by $1.5^{\circ}$(P<0.05). 2. There was a slightly downward & backward rotation of the mandible. 3. Lower first molar tipped distally by 4.nm(P<0.001), lower anterior teeth lingually tipped by $3.2^{\circ}$(P<0.05). 4. Retracted lower lip improved facial profile. This study may suggest that second molar extraction could be effective for a moderate Class III malocclusion to make distalization of the lower first molar easier and avoid severe lingual tipping of the lower incisor, if the lower third molar has a normal shape, good direction of eruption and adequate time for lower second molar extraction

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.25-35
• /
• 2012

This study compared the influence of water quality according to the data sources of spatial information. Firstly, land cover map was constructed through image classification of Daecheong-dam basin and the accuracy of image classification from satellite image showed high as 88.76% in comparison with the large-scaled land cover map in Ministry of Environment, to calculate Event Mean Concentration (EMC) by land cover that impact on the evaluation of nonpoint source pollutant loads. Also curve number and direct runoff were calculated by spatial overlay with soil map and land cover map from image classification. And Seokcheon and Daecheong-Dam basin showed high in the analysis of curve number and direct runoff. Samgacheon-Joint and Sokcheon-Downstream basin showed high in the nonpoint source pollutant loads of BOD from direct runoff and EMC. And Samgacheon-Joint and Bonghwangcheon- Downstream basin showed high in the nonpoint source pollutant loads of TN and TP. Nonpoint source pollutant loads from image classification were compared with those by the land cover map from Ministry of Environment to present the effectivity of nonpoint source pollutant loads from satellite image. And Daecheong-Dam Upstream basin showed high as 10.64%, 11.70% and 20.00% respectively in the errors of nonpoint source pollutant loads of BOD, TN, and TP. Therefore, it is desirable that spatial information including with paddy and dry field is applied to the evaluation of nonpoint source pollutant loads in order to simulate water quality of basin effectively.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.59-70
• /
• 2020

We discuss a modified numerical model based on the Monte Carlo radiative transfer (MCRT) method, i.e., the MCRT matrix method, for the analysis of atmospheric scattering effects in three-dimensional flash LIDAR systems. Based on the MCRT method, the radiative transfer function for a LIDAR signal is constructed in a form of a matrix, which corresponds to the characteristic response. Exploiting the superposition and convolution of the characteristic response matrices under the paraxial approximation, an extended computer simulation model of an overall flash LIDAR system is developed. The MCRT matrix method substantially reduces the number of tracking signals, which may grow excessively in the case of conventional Monte Carlo methods. Consequently, it can readily yield fast acquisition of the signal response under various scattering conditions and LIDAR-system configurations. Using the computational model based on the MCRT matrix method, we carry out numerical simulations of a three-dimensional flash LIDAR system operating under different atmospheric conditions, varying the scattering coefficient in terms of visible distance. We numerically analyze various phenomena caused by scattering effects in this system, such as degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio, glitches, and spatiotemporal spread and time delay of the LIDAR signals. The MCRT matrix method is expected to be very effective in analyzing a variety of LIDAR systems, including flash LIDAR systems for autonomous driving.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.275-286
• /
• 2021

In this study, the analytical solution for diffraction near a vertical detached breakwater was suggested by superposing the solutions of diffraction near a semi-infinite breakwater suggested previously using linear wave theory. The solutions of wave forces acting on front, lee and composed wave forces on both side were also derived. Relative wave amplitude changed periodically in space owing to the interactions between diffracting waves and standing waves on front side and the interactions between diffracting waves from both tips of a detached breakwater on lee side. The wave forces on a vertical detached breakwater were investigated with monochromatic, uni-directional random and multi-directional random waves. The maximum composed wave force considering the forces on front and lee side reached maximum 1.6 times of wave forces which doesn't consider diffraction. This value is larger than the maximum composed wave force of semi-infinite breakwater considering diffraction, 1.34 times, which was suggested by Jung et al. (2021). The maximum composed wave forces were calculated in the order of monochromatic, uni-directional random and multi-directional random waves in terms of intensity. It was also found that the maximum wave force of obliquely incident waves was sometimes larger than that of normally incident waves. It can be known that the considerations of diffraction, the composed wave force on both front and lee side and incident wave angle are important from this study.