• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.391-397
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• 2020

This article aims to introduce a representative case of convergence among art, technology and science, and look into the factors that contributed to its success. The focus is specifically brought to the cooperation between the Plantin Press and local painters in Antwerp in the Netherlands during the 16th century. The Plantin Press scored huge successes through collaboration with Flemish artists such as Rubens and Borcht. This helped the artists to use their talents in a new medium or to secure a job that appreciates their values. The Plantin Press outdid its competitors in the market through applying new techniques on its works. Great botany books also came out as a result of such convergence. The backdrop to the Netherlands appearing as the center of botanical studies in the 17th century is the concerted efforts of the painters that created quality illustrations and the publishers that knew how to use them efficiently.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.225-240
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• 2015

The effect of passing pedestrians'characteristics on locational goodwill was empirically modeled and tested. The theoretical basis for the study was central place theory, bid rent and, agglomeration theory, and demand externality theory. The data included information on goodwill, retail rents and passing pedestrians' characteristics in 100 retail trade areas in Seoul. The empirical model was tested with the sample of 1,307 retail units in Seoul, South Korea. The data set was analyzed with the Classification and Regression Tree software. As the results, using the regression tree method, the variables does affect locational goodwill in the each retail trade area were the volume of pedestrians around 2:00 pm on weekdays, volume of pedestrians around 4:00 pm on weekdays, and volume of pedestrians around 8:00 pm on weekdays. In summary, not only the economic base in the retail trade area but also the volume of passing pedestrians should be considered to determine the locational goodwill.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.87-107
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• 2018

In March 2017, the State of New York became the first state to implement regulation specific to cybersecurity for financial institutions. Unlike previous regulations regarding information security, it has set a minimum requirements to establish cybersecurity program based on risk assessment results, protect Nonpublic Information, designate of CISO, and report to regulatory entity. This paper presents a need for a new cybersecurity policy in Korea by examining newly adopted cybersecurity regulation in the United States. Finally, the paper identify policy suggestions based on the United States's approach as they have successfully implemented the program.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.144-154
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• 1995

This study was conducted for the evaluation of air-pollution using pear plant. Twenty-three sites around the Ulsan Industrial Complex Area were selected for the study. The water soluble sulfur content, photosynthetic rate and the visible injured index of pear leaves were evaluated and the results are summarized as follows: 1. Water-soluble sulfur content of pear leaves at survey sites was shown to be an average of 0.201%. The content of their leaves at polluted sites ranged from 0.220 to 0.496%. Water-soluble sulfur content of the pear leaves decreased as the distance became far from the Industrial Complex. 2. The photosynthetic rate of pear leaves decreased with an accumulation of water-soluble sulfur content. However it increased as the distance became greater within the five-kilometer radius of the pollutant. 3. More than 60% of injured rate was shown in pear plant within the five-kilometer radius of the pollutant in 1993. There were high correlations between the visible injured index items. Compared with 1988, the most severely injured sites in 1988 were Yochon-dong and Yaum-dong. But in 1993, they moved to the Yongcham-dong and Bugok-dong area. 4. Water-soluble sulfur content of pear leaves was correlated with the photosynthetic rate of pear leaves. The same tendency was shown between water-soluble sulfur and total injured index. This method using pear plant will be applied to the evaluation of air pollution.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.618-634
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• 2018

This study examined ecological network change affected by the 2020 invalidation of decisions on urban parks with a focus on Busan. The analyses were conducted to five scenarios using FRAGSTATS. The green space in scenario 1 assuming all development for unexecuted urban park would decrease by 7,339.75 ha compared to scenario 5, which assumes the entire conservation of unexecuted urban parks, and the fragmentation of the ecological space in scenario 1 increased. In scenario 1, 8.06% of the total area of core habitats and 28.23% of connectivity would decrease. However, scenario 3, which assumes the conservation of environmentally sensitive areas of unexecuted urban parks, can achieve 94% of green space and 95.6% of the connectivity of the scenario 5. Scenario 3 has effects similar to scenario 5 in terms of defragmentation. Thus, conservation of environmentally sensitive areas in parks is critical and effective in maintaining ecological networks.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.23-35
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• 2001

Resident's attitude and evaluation about local or urban development policies is a major factor in the process of the regional and urban 1)tanning and its practices. Therefore there are numerous studies pointing to analysis about the evaluation of the urban development policies. The purpose of this paper is concerned on the residents'cognitions, attitudes and evaluation about of urban development policy of Sunchon City in South Korea. Research area, Suncgon city, has been served as a central place of eastern Chollanamdo since 1920 and now functions as economic and commercial leading city of Kwangyang-bay area. In addition, Sunchon city is fastly growned with the influence of national development policy including the establishment of major industrial estates and the construction of container port in Kwangyang-bay area. In the overall cognition and evaluation about the quality of life of Sunchon city, most people are satisfied with the quality of life of urban living comparing with near cities such as Kwangyang and Yosu city. In particular, the level of satisfaction about education, transportation, natural environment are relatively higher than economic condition and living facilities. Most of residents have positive attitude and evaluation about the image of future urban development, and prefer to culture and education city in urban function of Sunchon city. Therefore, in order to function as a central city of Kwangyang-bay area. Sunchon city have to adopt new urban development policy including such as reconstruction of urban spatial structure, strengthening of culture and education functions, and the related facilities, restructuring of regional industrial structure. and expansion of commercial and shopping facilities.

• Korean Architects
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• no.12 s.344
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• pp.50-50
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• 1997

이번 지역건축을 기획하면서, 여러 가지 상념에 잠기게 되었다. 건축에서 지역성이 어느 정도 내재되어 있는지 살펴보고자 하는 것이 혹시 더욱 부정적 결과를 확인하는 것이라면 이를 확인할 필요가 있을지, 또 어떤 긍정적 결과를 확인할 수 있을지, 게다가 여러 개발도상국의 상황과 아시아의 건축적 진행을 보면서, 어쩌면 우리는 더욱 난감한 상황을 보게 될지도 모른다. "건축을 발전시켜온 어떤 민족도 각기 독자적 언어, 복장, 민속이 있는 것처럼, 그들이 좋아하는 형태를 발전시켜왔다. 19세기에 문화의 국경이 붕괴될 때까지 온 세계의 건축에는 지역고유의 형태와 디테일이 있었다. 그리고 어떠한 지역특유의 건물도 사람들의 창조력과 그 지역의 필요성의 결합에 의하여 태어난 아름다운 산물이었다. 그러나 현대 이집트에는 이집트 고유의 토착양식을 찾아볼 수가 없다. 바로 이집트인의 서명이 없다. 그것이 부자들의 집이건 가난한 자의 집이건 무성격하기는 마찬가지이며 이집트인의 자취란 사라져 버렸다."(하산 화티,1973년) 선진국은 스스로 산업혁명을 일으켰고, 이런 사회적 문화적 변동에 적응하기 위하여 1세기 이상의 시간적 여유가 있었다는 것이다. 개발도상국의 급속한 변화에는 건물도 변화의 수단으로 이용되었다는 것이다. "민족적이며, 지역적인 전통이야말로, 새로운 지역주의의 기초로서 보존하고 사용되어야 된다는 '섬세한' 서양의 관찰자들의 탄원은 이같은 상황에서는 전연 고려되지 않았다."고 커티스는 보았다. 섬세한 서양인이 아니라 자국민 스스로 자신의 문명에 대하여 파괴적인 입장에 서 있다면 더욱 난감한 일이다. 지역주의의 의미는 무엇일까? 건축에서 '지역'의 범주는 어디인가? 인종적 분포 또는 민족적 무리를 이름지은 것인가? 아니면 인종과 민족의 공통점인가? 그것도 아니라면 정치적 경계선으로 둘러싸인 경계를 말하는 것인가? 모든 지역이 다 지역주의로 대별될 수 있는가? 어느 곳이 건축에서의 중심지역이며, 또 지역주의는 누가 판별하는가? 프램튼은 문화적인 중심지와 종속적 관계를 지니는 지역주의를 잘못된 구조로 보았다. 근래 10년간 세계적으로 다양한 지역주의가 대두했다. 지역의 개념적, 제도적, 법적인 상태가 어떠한가가 중요한 요인이 된다. 19세기 동안에 유럽사람들이 그들의 정치적 독립을 위한 목적에 활용하기 위하여 부분적으로 거짓된 역사관을 피력했을 때, 유럽지역에서의 지역주의 개념들은 아이리쉬, 까딸로니아, 핀랜드 등을 평가하는 역할이 있었다고 한다. 지역주의를 "감상적인 민족적 편견에서 비롯된 광신적 배타주의"라고 낮추어 바라보는 그로피우스의 시각에 대해, 당당히 맞설 수 있어야 할 것이다. 리꾀르의 말대로 미래에 어떠한 유형의 참된 문화를 유지하는 것은 궁극적으로는 문화나 문명의 단계에서 외래의 영향을 적절하게 하면서 지역문화의 활기찬 형태를 발생시키는 우리 능력에 달려있다. '지역적' 범위는 서구에서 합중국으로 존재하는 경우, 대부분 이질적 문화들의 혼합지역이기 때문이다. 한국과 같이 비교적 단일한 성분의 종족으로 한 국가가 유지된 경우와 미국과 같이 다양한 종족이 모인 경우 등과 비교하면 '지역'이란 이름에 어떤 판단기준이 있어야 할까? 근래 지역적 변동이 적었던 한국의 경우는 상대적으로 재론할 여지가 적다. 그러나 한국의 역사시대 내에서도 확인되지 않은 부분들이 존재하고, 역사시대의 범위를 넘어서 선사시대로 확대하면 '지역'의 개념의 외연적 대상은 더욱 모호해진다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.69-82
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to identify structural properties of C.B.D and to provide direction that required for the plan and its development by analyzing land use patterns and its characteristics in the center of the city. In this study, the future planning elements and detailed land use of Seoul was analyzed, in regard to the spatial structural hierarchy and the function of downtown, by investigation of its current urban spatial structure. First, the characteristic of the land-use for merchandising facilities is that it is developed from west to east along the Jong-ro, Myungdong and Namdaemun, it shows high rate of the facilities along the horizontal axis. The large market area on this district would be the reason to the high rate of mechandising facilities. Second, the characteristic of the land-use for business facilities is that it is highly rated on the area passing through the Sejong-ro and Seoul station. The analysis result of our investigation is that the projects executed by Seoul city such as 'downtown maintenance planning' and 'downtown recreation program' strengthened functions of business and merchandising and promoted downtown shopping, leisure, tourism functions resulting activation of nearby market place and evaluated as maintaing the centrality of downtown Seoul well.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2008

Landscape indices are effective tools to explain the spatial structure and patterns of ecological landscape including area/density, shape, core area, isolation/proximity, contagion/interspersion, and connectivity. More than 100 indices have been developed and an increasing amount of research explains changes in urban spaces using the indices. However, landscape indices have a high level of sensitivity to the scale of analysis - grain size and extent. If the scale sensitivity of indices is not considered, the research may produce inaccurate results. This study examines the scale sensitivity of landscape indices to find relatively stable indices in the complex geographical features of Korea. The scale sensitivity was analyzed using 20 categories of grain size and 41 categories of extent change. Landsat TM and ETM+ images of five years - 1985, 1991, 1996, 2000 and 2003 - were used, and 54 class level indices mounted on the FRAGSTATS program were examined. The results are as follows: First, according to the analysis of the scale sensitivity, 19 out of 54 class level indices were found to be stable to scale change. Second, the scale sensitivity was closely related to the green area ratio, and the typical threshold of change was $40{\sim}50%$. Third, among the 16 indices which were frequently used in the research in Korea, only 6 indices were relatively stable to the scale change. These results can be an effective basis for the selection of indices in the landscape ecology research in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

The community bridge node finder, based on the stochastic method of network analysis, can compute hubs spot, which would enable the use of network structures with limited information. However, applying this node finder to heterogeneity networks, which are efficient to analyze the main farm complex in fields and the spread of infectious disease, is difficult. These problems, The most connected point that is called hub is often a major role in the heterogeneity network. In this study, we therefore improved the community bridge node finder to enable it to be applied to heterogeneity networks. We attempted to calculate the bridge node quantitatively by using the modularity of cohesion analysis method and the community bridge node finder. Application of the improved method to the HPAI(Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza) spread in Korea 2008 produced a quarantine coefficient that was 4 - 37% higher than the quarantine coefficient obtained with the centrality method for the first 14 days after the HPAI outbreak. We concluded that the improved method has the ability to successfully calculate the bridge node in heterogeneity networks based on network structures with scant information, such as those describing the spread of infectious disease in domestic animals. And Our method should be capable to find main farm complex in fields.