• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.4 s.87
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• pp.425-438
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• 2001

The delivery of optimal orthodontic treatment is greatly influenced by clinician's ability to predict and control tooth movement by applying well-known force system to dentition. It is very important to determine the location of the centers of resistance of a tooth or teeth in order to have better understanding the nature of displacement characteristics under various force levels. In this study, three dimensional finite element analysis was used to measure the initial displacement of the consolidated teeth under loading. The purpose of this study was to define the location of the centers of resistance at the upper six anterior segment. To observe the changes of six anterior segment, 200gm, 250gm, 300gm, and 350gm forces at right and left hand side each were imposed toward lingual direction. For this study, two cases, six anterior teeth and six anterior teeth after corticotomy, were reviewed. In addition, it was reviewed the effects of changes on the location of the center of resistance in both cases based on different degree of forces aforementioned. The results were that : 1. The instantaneous center of resistance for the six anterior teeth was vertically located between level 4 and level 5, which is, at 6.76mm, $44.32\%$ apical to the cementoenamel junction level. 2. The instantaneous center of resistance for the six anterior teeth after corticotomy was located vertically between level 4 and level 5, that is, at 7.09mm $46.38\%$ apical to the cementoenamel junction level. 3. Changes of force showed little effect on the location of the center of resistance in each case. 4. It was observed that the location of the instantaneous center of resistance for the six anterior teeth after corticotomy was changed more than the six anterior teeth without corticotomy to the apical part, and the displacement of the consolidated anterior teeth moved further in case of the consolidated teeth after corticotomy.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.11-17
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• 2010

최근 모바일 환경은 스마트폰의 확산에 따라 가히 혁명적인 변화를 가져오고 있으며, 이제 이동통신서비스 시장은 기존 음성 서비스 중심에서 데이터 서비스 중심으로 이동하며, 사용자 중심의 콘텐츠가 서비스의 경쟁력을 좌우하는 소위 2.0 시대에서의 새로운 비즈니스 환경을 요구하고 있다. 특히, 웹을 기반으로 하는 유무선 통합모바일 서비스는 많은 가능성을 시사하면서 새로운 가치를 만들어내고 있다. 이미 모바일 웹 기술은 과거 단순 브라우징 기술을 넘어 다양한 응용 서비스 제공을 위한 웹 기술로 확장되고 있으며, 본격적인 플랫폼으로서의 기능을 제공하는 수준으로 발전되고 있다. 본 고에서는 최근 이루어지고 있는 차세대 모바일 웹 표준화를 중심으로 주요 이슈 및 표준화 동향을 분석하고 나아가 대응전략을 모색하고자 한다.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.905-910
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• 2007

과거에는 유선통신, 무선통신, 이동통신 분야가 독립적으로 시장을 형성하고 있었다. 그러나 모든 정보통신의 전송방식이 디지털화 되고 IP(lnternet Protocol)화 되면서 이동통신분야에도 디지털과 IP화로 인해 유 무선 연동서비스는 물론 VolP(Voice over Internet Protocol)까지 바라보고 있다. 이처럼 최근에 변화하고 있는 이동통신망의 IP화 현상은 통신 사업자들의 변수로 작용할 가능성이 크다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 이동통신망이 IP망으로 진화하는 과정의 배경을 논하고 직 간접적으로 이동통신망이 IP망으로 진화할 때 이동통신사업자의 고려사항에 대한 의미를 분석한다. 이러한 분석을 통해 이동통신사업자의 입장에 대하여 무선인터넷과 망 연동에 따른 내용을 중심으로 이슈를 제기하고자 한다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.159-178
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• 2008

The main purpose of this paper is to examine selectivity and rasons for move of internal migrants in Korea. There have only been a few studies available on the issues of selectivity and reasons for move of internal migration in Korea, mainly due to the lack of appropriate data. The main source of data for this analysis come from the raw data set of the 1997 Special Migration Survey conducted by the National Statistical Office. Analysis of selectivity of those who moved across the provincial boundary revealed that females, young adults, singles in their marital status and more educated are more likely to move. Among various reasons for move, employment related reason is the most important for all migration streams. But with different migration streams, diverse patterns are emerged. For those who moved into the Capital Region, employment related reason is outstanding. But those who moved out from the Capital Region, moved for employment as well as family related reasons. For movement within the Capital Region, housing related reason is equally important together with employment and family reason. The analysis also found that among individual attributes, age and marital status affect most significantly to the reasons for move. Education level and housing ownership are also important for explaining for variations in reasons for move.

• 전기의세계
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.359-370
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• 1984

본고에서는 기초적인 연구단계로부터 실용디바이스로서의 생산으로 그 중심이 이동되고 있는 동시에 단일파장동작 또는 고출력화 등 새롭고 고성능을 목표로 계속 연구개발되고 있는 반도체 레이저를 중심으로 연구진전과 현상 및 내외의 동향을 살펴본 후 응용분야와 앞으로의 전망에 대하여 기술하여 보고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.37-41
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• 2018

As individuals generate and share various content anytime and anywhere, new networking architectures, such as content-centric networking (CCN) using the content name as a packet identifier, have been in the spotlight recently. However, the current CCN hardly takes into account node mobility problems, especially the mobility of content sources. The movement of content sources causes long delivery latency and long service disruptions. To solve that, the tunneling-based redirection scheme was proposed. However, the tunneling-based scheme requires a location-update procedure whenever the network changes, which creates many control messages and causes long latency. So, this paper presents hierarchical mobility management of mobile CCN to reduce the number of control messages and handoff latency. Performance evaluation shows that the proposed scheme can provide low control overhead, which results in network scalability.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.246-247
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 군집간 제어를 위한 이동용 로봇제작과 로봇의 좌표인식, 방향을 찾기 위하여 GPS(Global Positioning System)수신 모듈과 Bluetooth송 수신기를 사용하였다. 실험에 쓰인 모든 이동용 로봇에 GPS수신기와 Bluetooth 송 수신기를 장착하고, GPS 수신기로부터 받은 blaster-이동로봇의 위치좌표를 Bluetooth통신 영역 내에 있는 모든 이동로봇에게 보내면 각 Slave-이동로봇은 Master이동로봇으로부터 받은 위치 좌표를 이용하여 blaster-이동로봇을 중심으로 상대적인 위치, 거리 유지, 진행방향을 계산한다. Master-이동로봇과 Slave-이동로봇 간의 실시간 통신과 일정거리를 유지함으로써 군집간 제어를 할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.376-379
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 사람의 이동정보인 위치데이터를 바탕으로 위치분석(Location Analysis)을 통해 나타난 개개인의 이동성 모델을 바탕으로 각 개인의 이동성 모델에서 나타난 군집들의 관계를 분석해 개인이 속한 집단의 이동성 모델을 만든다. 집단 이동성 모델은 개인의 모델에서 나타난 군집을 이용하는데, 각 군집을 만드는데 필요한 위치 정보들과 군집의 중심, 군집간의 거리의 값을 계산하여 새로운 통합 군집을 만든다. 새로 만드는 군집은 각 특징에 따라 Micro Cluster, Macro Cluster의 2가지로 분류하였다. 실제 수년간 수집한 2명의 통합 개인 이동성 모델을 바탕으로 집단 이동성 모델을 생성한다. 집단 이동성 모델 생성에는 R Language를 사용하였고 결과 모델을 지도상에 표시할 수 있다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.6 s.102
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• pp.715-720
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• 2005

This paper presents a hybrid recognition method of first moment of face image and principal component analysis(PCA). First moment is applied to reduce the dimension by shifting to the centroid of image, which is to exclude the needless backgrounds in the face recognitions. PCA is implemented by single layer neural network which has a teaming rule of Foldiak algorithm. It has been used as an alternative method for numerical PCA. PCA is to derive an orthonormal basis which directly leads to dimensionality reduction and possibly to feature extraction of face image. The proposed method has been applied to the problems for recognizing the 48 face images(12 Persons $\ast$ 4 scenes) of 64$\ast$64 pixels. The 3 distances such as city-block, Euclidean, negative angle are used as measures when match the probe images to the nearest gallery images. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a superior recognition performances(speed, rate). The negative angle has been relatively achieved more an accurate similarity than city-block or Euclidean.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.581-587
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• 2005

This paper presents a hybrid face recognition method of both the first moment of image and the independent component analysis(ICA) of fixed point(FP) algorithm based on Newton method. First moment is a method for finding centroid of image, which is applied to exclude the needless backgrounds in the face recognitions by shifting to the centroid of face image. FP-ICA is also applied to find a set of independent basis images for the faces, which is a set of statistically independent facial features. The proposed method has been applied to the problem for recognizing the 48 face images(12 persons o 4 scenes) of 64*64 pixels. The 3 distances such as city-block, Euclidean, negative angle are used as measures when match the probe images to the nearest gallery images. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a superior recognition performances(speed, rate) than conventional FP-ICA without preprocessing. The city-block has been relatively achieved more an accurate similarity than Euclidean or negative angle.