• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.123-139
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• 2001

본고는 공간, 시간, 계급, 종교 등 하위문화 텍스트의 병행인용 즉 상호텍스트성(intertextuality)을 통해, 20세기 대중 문화의 상징 마돈나 뮤직 비디오와 공연 등의 인체, 의상, 이미지 등에 나타난 포스트모던 정체성을 연구함으로써, 현대 미디어 문화를 관통하는 주체적 여성 정체성과 미적 주관성을 이해하고자한다. 첫째, 상호공간텍스트성 복식은 스패니쉬룩. 태국룩. 게이샤룩, 테크노펑크룩, 테크노 카우걸룩 등의 동서양의 지리적 소외감을 통해 비권위적 다양한 시선을 제시함으로써, 다국적 자본주의와 함께 확장된 미적 체험을 하게 한다.; 둘째, 상호시간텍스트성 복식은 중세 엠파이어 드레스, 18세기 로코코시대의 robe'a la francaise, 미래적 제 3의 종 룩 등 동시적 몽환적 이미지를 통해 유희적 유토피아를 지향하였다.; 셋째, 상호계급텍스트성 복식은 그라피티룩, 펑크룩, 키치룩, 먼로 룩, 보깅(voguing), 에비타 룩 등 상하류층, 하위문화, 빈부, 권력의 유무를 병행인용하여, 좋은/나쁜 취향, 창녀/성녀 이분법을 해체하고 반부르조아적 저항과 물질주의를 찬양하는 탈계급적, 양면적 정체성을 구축하였다. ; 넷째, 상호종교텍스트성 복식은 상징적 가부장인 카톨릭교 텍스트를 인용하여 펑키크리스찬 룩, 에로틱 크리스찬 룩 등의 선/악, 신성성/관능성, 미추, 정숙성/비정숙성의 이분법, 비장미를 해체함으로써 예술의 자율성, 무의식이 강조된 쾌락주의적, 반권위주의적 정체성을 주장한다. 섹슈얼리티에 있어, 시선, 권력, 쾌락의 주체가 됨으로써, 미적 범주에 있어 선악, 미추, 정숙성과 비정숙성의 이분법을 해체함으로써, 유동적 자아를 구성한 마돈나 의상의 포스트모던 정체성은 여성에게 확대된 가능성을 제공하며 내부로부터 해체된 열린 복식을 지향한다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1998

In the medieval age of Europe when the noble people of various regions enjoyed unique cultures and life styles where made by coachbuilders. Such coaches would later affect the styles of the earlier automobiles equipped with the driving engine. Later, as the gasolines engines began to be distributed, the automobiles could afford to be flexible in terms of size and weight, while their performances and designs began to be enhanced rapidly. The important aspect of earlier automobile manufacturing was the phased development of styling which represented the pure approach to functions as well as the historical background. It can be known that such a development of automobile styling reflected the concerned industrial advancement and social influences of each region. At this juncture of time when the massmotorized modern society's demands for automobiles are unlimited and diversified, this study was aimed at reviewing the fundamental implications of automobile designs over time.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.345-366
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• 2012

The country using factoring actively today is England. The history of factoring could throw back to the Middle Ages, but modern factoring was developed in colonial age of the United States and it was known throughout England in 1960s. At the beginning, it performed mercantile agent who works in local area in order to get rid of uncertainty and inconvenience of a distant trade, but it was getting developed into a today's factoring system which focusing more on financial function. The factoring is called 'account receivable financing' in the United States and it is started out as sales agent and getting developed to 'del credere agent' who guarantee the payment. The activities of factors have been expanded to not only consignment sale and payment guarantees but also advance financing service. However, at the end of the 19th century, the direct sales(direct marketing) was expanded by the development of telecommunication and transportation technology, and then the marketing service by factor was degraded, but the collection of payment and advance finance had been maintained until now and developed into today's factoring system. Especially, the establishment of Uniform Commercial Code in 1931 had formed the basis for activating factoring in the United States through preparing a legal basis of factoring. Due to changes of international trade environment, most of commercial bank in Korea have to deal with export factoring as a trade finance service and it is desirable to specialize as a financing for small and medium company.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.33
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• pp.273-301
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• 2016

In this paper, it is entraining surface and the historical flow of Japanese flying acrobatic, look and lore situation up to now, as compared to this, restore our Sotte riding, trying to provide a clue of hatching in order to reproduce. In particular, the tricks to raise the rod into the body is sublimated to the big festivals of the region, focused on Akita Kanto festival was devised by one of Japan's northeastern 3 major festivals. As a typical traditional performance festival with a history of more than 200 years, the same manner as was sublimated as a professional performing arts and folk arts, actively protect the traditional performing arts, and lore, this representative of the regional festival It has a great meaning in that it was successful. That the order to act strongly cooperation of the public and private sectors to be highlighted on the whole surface of the strong act is acrobatic nature to the main content of the festival, of course the identity recovery of the region, also serves as a proud representative of the region it is also very significant. Want is greater place to suggest to researchers who want to take over the pulse of the tradition correctly restore the future Sotte ride.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.317-329
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• 2006

In this research, a questionnaire was developed to investigate high school students' viewpoints, originating from science history, on 'motion of on object', the subjects were seventy- five 10th grade students and sixty-five 11th grade students. Results found that the highest percentage among the types of 10th grade students' thoughts was related to the Middle Ages 'Impetus' viewpoints. Percentages of 11th grade students' thoughts were highest for Middle Ages and Newton views. These results provided proof that the development of student thoughts' based on science history' are consistent with school year. Furthermore, student thought regarding 'object motion' under the conditions of no force, vacuum, or air under a weightless stage were related to progressive viewpoints on science history. However, the percentage of thoughts related to earlier viewpoints were considerable. Student thoughts on parabolic motion, circle motion, and conservation amount of motion were found to be highly significant in similarity to the viewpoints of Galilei, Descartes, and Huygens; view cultivated before Newton. Consequently, this study determined that educational efficiency could be raised by providing historically more progressive views to cope with conflictory student thoughts-thoughts related to past views in science history.

• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.49-76
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• 2022

This study is to illuminate the problem of shadows and evil appearing in contemporary events in the midst of a period of upheaval through Inferno of Divine Comedy. First, the concept of shadow and evil were briefly summarized in analytical psychology and discussed the importance of considering the concepts with the empirical aspect of relativity and ethics in the field of psychotherapy. The 14th century, the age of Dante, was the embryonic period of the Renaissance beyond the end of the Middle Ages. It was when Dante, who was writing Divine Comedy, had to take off his persona forcibly and live in exile. In a nutshell, it was a transition period for both the individual and the collective. The dark forest is a nigredo, darkness and chaos we face in this transition, but it can be a place of transformation and rebirth. The three beasts (leopard, lion, and she-wolf) encountered in the forest can be considered as the instinctual images that Dante ignored and alienated, which the medieval Christian world had suppressed and eliminated. Especially at the collective level, as destructive instincts, ferocious beasts roam throughout society when a crisis breaks dominant laws of values. The three beasts of Inferno appear as phenomena of shadows and evil. The aspect of leopard was explored Cerberus and Chiaco(pig) as a symbol of greed, and the lion, Farinata as the form of violent passion. The aspect of the she-wolf was examined as Geryon, a deceitful monster with a beast nature hidden behind goodness, the giants in the frozen lake of Cocytus, and Branca D'Oria, who betrayed and murdered the country and family. Inferno reveals the "state" of being trapped when one yields to the evil hidden within oneself and falls into prey.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.27
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• pp.129-159
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• 2011

Physical security has always been an extremely important facet within the security arena. A comprehensive security plan consists of three components of physical security, personal security and information security. These elements are interrelated and may exist in varying degrees defending on the type of enterprise or facility being protected. The physical security component of a comprehensive security program is usually composed of policies and procedures, personal, barriers, equipment and records. Human beings kept restless struggle to preserve their and tribal lives. However, humans in prehistoric ages did not learn how to build strong house and how to fortify their residence, so they relied on their protection to the nature and use caves as protection and refuge in cold days. Through the history of man, human has been establishing various protection methods to protect himself and his tribe's life and assets. Physical security methods are set in the base of these security methods. Those caves that primitive men resided was rounded with rock wall except entrance, so safety was guaranteed especially by protection for tribes in all directions. The Great Wall of China that is considered as the longest building in the history was built over one hundred years from about B.C. 400 to prevent the invasion of northern tribes, but this wall enhanced its protection function to small invasions only, and Mongolian army captured the most part of China across this wall by about 1200 A.D. European lords in the Middle Ages built a moat by digging around of castle or reinforced around of the castle by making bascule bridge, and provided these protections to the resident and received agricultural products cultivated. Edwin Holmes of USA in 20 centuries started to provide innovative electric alarm service to the development of the security industry in USA. This is the first of today's electrical security system, and with developments, the security system that combined various electrical security system to the relevant facilities takes charging most parts of today's security market. Like above, humankind established various protection methods to keep life in the beginning and its development continues. Today, modern people installed CCTV to the most facilities all over the country to cope with various social pathological phenomenon and to protect life and assets, so daily life of people are protected and observed. Most of these physical security systems are installed to guarantee our safety but we pay all expenses for these also. Therefore, establishing effective physical security system is very important and urgent problem. On this study, it is suggested methods of establishing effective physical security system by using system integration on the principle of security design about effective security system's effective establishing method of physical security system that is increasing rapidly by needs of modern society.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.42
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• pp.151-185
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to reveal the aspects of "Children" in Saseolsijo and its historical implication in Korean Classical Poetry. What was discussed can be summarized as follows: There are two types of children in Saseolsijo, one is silent, and the other is speaking. The silent child characteristics are such as being called and addressed by the poetic narrator, customary audience, passive attitude, etc. The speaking child characteristics are speaking subject, active attitude as sign of modernity. These phenomenon simply expose the differences of aesthetic order. The silent children is mainly to be utilized as a device to maximize the lyricism of the text as an ideologically product by the inner request of the poetic narrator and show identification discourse. The speaking child, gives the dynamics in text by heterogeneous discourse and informs aesthetic distance between "the reader and the text" as well and show distance discourse. These fragments from Saseolsijo's children are also found in previous genres. In the case of Hyangga, 'children' speak for solving others' desire but are targeted by poetic narrator as well. In the case of Goryosokyo, 'children' show activity and efforts to break forced silence by the poetic narrator through voluntary speaking. In Sijo's case, unlike other genres, some literary works show contents about disciplining children and the growth of children. However mostly targeted children by the poetic narrator are predominantly appeared from the discourse perspective. These aspects of children in previous genres including some of works in Saseolsijo are mainly associated with the appearance of medieval children. Unlike these, the new aspects of Saseolsijo's children show the cross-section of the signs of transition contemporary, from medieval to modern. Even if there are few literary works in these, speaking children with activity reveals novelty over medieval-imposed 'child-ness' by showing 'self', 'individual desire' strongly. This novelty is far from infants of the modern concept as naive and innocent children but these children are noted in that they show a part of modernity through various voices in the text, the comic(laughter), multiple point views, etc.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.39
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• pp.221-246
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• 2018

In this text, the author examines the aspects and characteristics of the three forms that were created and enjoyed when the upper-class nobles of Japan "combined(混淆)" waka(和歌) and Chinese poetry(漢詩) between the 10th and 17th centuries. The three forms are the "Collection of Japanese and Chinese poems for singing"(和漢朗詠), "A collection of Japanese and Chinese poems" (詩歌合), and the "Renku renga"(聯句連歌). "Collection of Japanese and Chinese poems for singing" appeared in the 10th century, "A collection of Japanese and Chinese poems" appeared in the 12th century, "Renku renga" appeared in the 14th century, and all three continued to influence the history of Japanese literature after that time. As the combination of literary Japanese and Chinese progressed, the gap between waka and Chinese poetry decreased until they finally combined to create a single work. That is, waka and Chinese poetry converged in one place in multiple ways: as a work that was appropriate to be recited("Collection of Japanese and Chinese poems for singing"), facing each other work against work in a competition("A collection of Japanese and Chinese poems"), and, in the end, they reached the point where they were interchangeable as lines making up long poems(長詩)("Renku renga"). The combination of literary Japanese and Chinese can be said to be the Japanese version of the common movement in East Asian literary history during the Middle Ages to make songs from one's own language flawless in Chinese poetry. Meanwhile, by examining the status changes that appeared as Chinese poetry paralleled, fought with, replaced, and combined with waka, we can find clues to explain the attitudes of the Japanese people on Chinese poetry during the period when the three forms existed, as well as the characteristics of Japanese Chinese poetry that appeared in response to that. The preferences not of "myself" but of the "audience," content and expressions that revere the period rather than the inner self of the poet, and the fact that it is a means for enjoyable pleasure rather than having the original characteristics of lyrical poetry for self-expression are all characteristics of Chinese poetry in Japan during the early and late Middle Ages period. These characteristics can be said to be the current that flows in the underbelly of the history of Chinese literature in Japan. This author believes that the key to discussing the history of Chinese literature in Japan during the Middle Ages period from the perspective of East Asian literary history can be found here.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.221-237
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• 2003

China has not thousands years history and culture but more than 50 times huge territory compare to Korea. Moreover, China is a multiracial country which has 56 minority races including Han race. Today's food culture of China has been established based on historic, regional, and racial features. China is located adjacent to Korea and historically has had close relationship with Korea. Moreover, China and Korea have had interaction in politic, economic, and cultural respects. In this aspect, the food culture of China has had great influence to the food culture of Korea. Therefore, this study purposed to understand the food culture of China more deeply which has been passed over, through researching food culture based on Chinese foods in five thousands historic stream. As the result of researching Chinese food by times in terms of food culture, which has been well known by only cuisine, the food culture of China had been changed by rise and fall of several dynasties. In addition, food styles had divided the south and north by inflowing western food materials and deep relation to Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and the principles of yin-yang.