• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.513-536
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• 2012

This study aims to examine the status and problems of trade risk management of Korean companies in Incheon area trading with China and to suggest some improvement measures. On the survey with twenty five questions on company profiles, business process and transactions, claims and trade risks, etc. with Chinese trading partners, the following facts are found. In general, Chinese policies on foreign trade, finance, labour, investment, etc. and China's logistics system have caused great worries to Korean companies in Incheon area. This kind of risks from Chinese government policies and China's economic structure are beyond control of each company. Korean government should take more effective measures to negotiate with Chinese government. In the stage of contract, procurement and transportation, settlement, disputes resolution and etc. Korean companies in Incheon area also have many problems with relatively high risks with Chinese trading partners. Based on these survey results, some suggestions for better trade risk management are given.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.3-22
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• 2012

China has used the Antidumping policy as a trade protection tool against Japanese products due to reduce the deficit of trade balance of payment, boost the economic growth and protect its weak industries. This paper investigates whether there is a connection between the China's macroeconomic activity and pressures for protection to Japanese products under antidumping measures with using the current data that come from the WTO, World Bank for 1997 to 2010. The result suggests that pressures for protection under Antidumping measure against exporting of Japanese products to China have increased during periods of macroeconomic weakness like high unemployment, larger deficit of trade balance and decreased during periods of macroeconomic strength.

• 월간낙농육우
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.82-116
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• 2010

최근 정부의 글로벌 자유무역협정(FTA) 네트워크의 구축방침에 따라 대부분의 낙농선진국과의 FTA 협상이 동시다발적으로 이루어지고 있다. 그런 가운데 시유무역이 가능하며, 세계 최대시장이라 할 수 있는 중국과의 유제품무역이 지니는 의의는 매우 크다. 이는 한 중 FTA가 타결될 경우 양국 간의 지리적 여건 및 생산비격차를 감안할 때 시유를 포함한 유제품의 쌍방무역의 가능성이 매우 높기 때문이다. 물론 당장은 중국의 공급 부족 및 2008년의 멜라민사건 등으로 인해 국내산 시유를 포함한 국산유제품의 대 중국수출의 가능성이 높다. 그러나 중장기적으로는 멜라민사건 당시 확인된 것과 같이 저가의 중국산 유제품의 수입가능성 또한 배제할 수 없다. 그 경우 국내 소비자의 중국산 유제품의 안전성에 대한 불신에 따른 이른바 '국산프리미엄'이 작용할 수 있다. 그뿐 아니라 멜라민사건을 계기로 중국 정부는 중국산 유제품을 포함한 식품안전성확보를 위한 제도적장치를 강화하고 있다. 이 같은 점을 감안할 때 한 중 FTA에 대비하여 국산유제품의 대 중국 수출과 함께 저가의 중국산 유제품의 수입가능성에 대해서도 대비할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 상기와 같은 문제의식 하에서 최근 중국의 우유수급, 중국의 낙농정책, FTA 추진상황, 한 중 유제품무역의 실태, 한 중 FTA에 따른 국내 낙농업에의 영향 및 대응방안 등에 대해 검토하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.93-106
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• 2020

Trade is an important economic activity. In particular, since the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the scope of trade has been expanding due to events such as the entry of China into the WTO in 2001, the establishment of a multilateral trading system, mitigation and integration of trade barriers, and the establishment of the free trade agreement (FTA). Despite the expansion of the trade market, however, extreme events such as the 2008 global financial crisis, the 2016 Brexit, and the 2018 US-China trade war have had a direct negative impact on the trade market. Therefore, the present this study analyzed the dependence structure between the international shipping freight rate index, a variable representing trade activities, and the trade uncertainty between the US and China. The following is a summary of the analysis results. First, the US-Chinese trade policy uncertainty and international shipping freight rate index presented a Frank copula and rotated Clayton copula 270° distribution, respectively, showing the same distribution structure for each country. Second, the Kendall's tau correlation revealed a negative dependence between the international shipping freight rate index and US-Chinese trade policy uncertainty. The degree of dependence was greater in the combination of uncertainty in China's trade policy and international shipping freight rates. In other words, the dependence of global demand and trade policy uncertainty confirmed that China was stronger than the US. Finally, the tail dependence results revealed that the US-Chinese trade policy uncertainty and international shipping freight rates were independent of each other. This means that extreme events related to the trade policy uncertainty or international shipping rate index were not affected by each other.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.189-200
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of China's trade relationships with and dependency on the countries participating in the Belt and Road initiative and to present some implications. This study collected annual total imports, exports, and GDP data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) on 198 countries and the National Bureau of Statistics of China (NBS) on 221 countries from 1995 to 2015. China's imports and exports have expanded considerably from the mid-1990s to the present, and China's dependence on imports and exports with the US and Japan has declined, while its dependence on the Middle East, South Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia has increased. China has a very high level of dependence on imports from and exports to the countries participating in the Belt and Road initiative, and as the Belt and Road project progresses, the mutual trade dependency between China and the other participating countries is expected to strengthen and expand.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.47-66
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• 2018

This study analyzes the potential economic effects of a trade war between the U.S. and China. The CGE model is used to estimate the macroeconomic variables of each country and the change in imports/exports by industry by considering three different scenarios: (i) the US imposes a 25% of tariff on China; (ii) the US and China impose a 25% tariff bilaterally; (iii) the United States expands protection in vehicles and metals to Korea, Japan, and the EU. According to the results of the study, when the US and China initiate a trade war, GDP and welfare of both countries decline. China's decline in GDP and welfare are larger than those of the United States, which implies a trade war is more favorable to the U.S. than to China. In the long run, China's GDP and welfare decline widens further. While the trade volumes of the US and China are greatly reduced, the trade volumes of other countries does not significantly fluctuate. Finally, if the US extends protection policy to Korea, Japan and the EU, it creates undesirable effects on the US. In particular, damage to the US jeopardizes its advantageous position in a trade war with China. In order to emphasize the unfairness of protectionist policy and the damage to Korean industry, Korea needs to establish a strategy to counter US protectionist policy.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.225-248
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• 2014

Korea and China signed an FTA at November 10, 2014. The entry of China - the factory of the World - can be more active and easier. But Recently, China's economic growth is slowdown, and it began to emerge as a voice of concern. Therefore I analyze Chnia's economic slowdown is the impact on Korea's economy in this study. This study presented current trends and future prospects on China's economic situation. The changes of China's economic growth are the reduction of economic growth rate, falling proportion of processing trade, and the competition relationship of two countries. So they will be analyzed on this study. And this study presents ways that Korea economy reacts for China's economic growth slowdown. Trade statistics system of Korea International trade Association(KITA) is leveraged for this analysis. For competition relationship analysis, I analyze to use Contribution to the Trade Balance, Trade Specialization Index, Revealed Comparative Advantage of Country.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.759-780
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effect of Korean FDI(1990-2008) in China by industries on exports and imports between two countries. We use time series regression, Vector Error Correction Model and Impulse Response Function as methodologies. Our findings through empirical tests are as follows. First Korean FDI in China increases Korean exports with China but shows a tendency to decrease due to the local content of China. Second Korean FDI in China increases Korean imports in SITC 8 with China. Finally Korean trade surplus caused by Korean FDI in China shrinks due to the decreasing of exports and increasing of imports in Korea. Korean FDI in China should be oriented host country's market oriented rather than production efficiency oriented because of unfriendly foreign investment environments in China.

• 중국학논총
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• no.65
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• pp.235-264
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• 2020

本文稿旨在就世界经济两大支柱体美国和中国在过去2年间持续的贸易纷争的背景和性质, 发展过程以及对两国经济的影响等进行概括总结。与此同时, 本文还将探索贸易摩擦作为G2之间争夺霸权的战争, 是否会波及到日益紧张的南中国海以及台湾海峡的局势。为此, 本文还将就以2008年世界金融危机为起点飞跃发展的中国, 与在冷战后维持单极体制的美国相对抗进而逐渐确立新两国体制的过程, 以及G2格局出现以后, 美, 中新冷战格局形成的过程等进行研究。

• 중국학논총
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• no.65
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• pp.265-285
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• 2020

最近世界经济中最热门的是中美贸易摩擦。被称为"中美贸易战争"的贸易摩擦是2018年5月27日, 在国际社会展现强大力量的世界超强国美国, 对实现了世界最大的人口和持续经济增长的中国的进口产品进行大规模的抵制, 中国也不服软, 相应做出回应而产生的。中美两国过去也经常发生贸易纠纷。特别是2001年加入中国WTO以来, 美国开始提高了中国的抵制。最近, 特朗普总统当选后, 提出美国优先主义, 更加提高了对美国最大贸易收支赤字国中国的抵制。中国也迎来了习近平政权第二期, 提出一对一路(One BentOne Road)经济政策和新型大国关系等强有力的中国复活战略, 加强了国际社会中的地位, 积极应对美国的抵制, 贸易战争逐渐发展成报复关税战争。在中美贸易战争中受最大影响的国家除美国以外, 其次是韩国受到最严重的影响。因为中国是韩国的出口依赖度高的国家之一, 因此在韩国国民经济, 出口依赖度会下降至25%。中美贸易战争阻碍了韩国整体GDP的上升。在本论文中, 了解了中美贸易战争的原因和现状, 因此对中韩贸易造成的影响, 从中摸索应对方案是对于经济学家来说意义非凡。