• Toxicological Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.149-157
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• 2002

Though the bamboo salt, called as "JUKYUM" has been widely used in Korea as panacea, it's toxicity was not screened completely. To investigate the toxicity of bamboo salt, we compared with the toxicity of crude salt and reagent-grade NaCl by performing repeated dose (3 month's) oral toxicity test in SD rats. Crude salt, natural sun-dried salt (crude salt) production, was purchased from the western seashore of Korean peninsular and reagent-grade NaCl was purchased from Sigma company. Results of repeated dose oral toxicity tests for 3 months (bamboo salt; 750, 1500, 3000 mg/kg/day, crude salt : 3000 mg/kg/day, reagent-grade NaCl; 3000 mg/kg/day) suggested that the bamboo salt treated group show no significant toxicological findings with body weights and organ weighs changes, and hematological, serum bio-chemical and histopathological findings compared with other groups.er groups.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.175-182
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• 2010

Various research on the surface of the skin and the relationship between epidermis and composition of ion have been performed. Traditionally, bamboo extract was used as an important material for enhancing healthy condition of a skin. Bamboo salt is well known as one of the most famous traditional medical treatments. In this study, we investigated the stability of P/S (Polyol-in-Silicone) emulsions containing a fair amount of bamboo salt in the range of 0.5~5.0 wt%. For improving the stability of emulsions, we varied the quantity of fatty alcohol and wax ester in emulsions and the stability was checked using DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimeter). We also studied the efficacy of treating the P/S emulsions containing bamboo salt. From the experiment, the emulsions show the mitigation of stimuli, enhancing the skin hydration and improving the appearance of the skin.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.386-390
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• 1999

소금은 공기나 물과 마찬가지로 사람이 생명을 유지하는 데에 없어서는 안 될 중요한 물질이다. 즉 체액의 삼투압의 균형유지, 신경이나 근육의 활동조절 등을 통하여 생명유지에 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 즉 영양분을 운반하거나 신진 대사를 하거나 노폐물 등 물질이 이동될 때에는 삼투압이 근 구실을 하게 되는데 소금은 이와 같은 체액의 삼투압이 균형을 유지할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 이외에 소금은 위액의 염산이 되어 살균 작용이나 소화작용을 도와준다. 또한 소금은 간접적으로 적혈구의 생성을 도우며 발한 작용을 통하여 체온의 적절한 유지 기능도 가지고 있다. 이외에 최근 여러 사람이 이용하고 있는 죽염의 기능성 여부에 대하여도 과학적인 규명이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.335-343
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the remineralization effect of Bamboo salt and NaF+Bamboo salt solutions on bovine enamel formed incipient artificial enamel caries by microcomputed tomography (micro CT). Methods : Experimental solutions were distilled water(negative control), 2% sodium fluoride solution (2% NaF group), 3% bamboo salt solution (3% BS group) and the solution mixed 2% sodium fluoride solution and 3% bamboo salt solution (2% NaF+3% BS group). Specimens were prepared from extracted bovine teeth and divided into 4 groups of 10 specimens each by randomized blocks according to density. Then the specimens surface were divided equally into three parts to observe sound enamel area, incipient enamel carious area and remineralized enamel area. Only one-third of specimen surface was coated with nail varnish and these were exposed to a lactate carbopol buffer system for 72 hours. Then one-half of the demineralized enamel area was coated with nail varnish. The specimens were carried out under pH cycling model for 14 days as follows; samples were immersed in each experimental solution for 2 mins 3 times per day, demineralized for 4 hours and in mixed saliva for the remaining hours. After pH cycling, density was measured using micro CT. Results : All experimental groups showed remineralization effects except for negative control group(p<0.05). The differences of density after experimental solution treatment were statistically significant difference among 4 groups (p<0.01). The density difference values of groups were $0.04{\pm}0.01$ in negative control group, $0.19{\pm}0.01$ in 2% NaF group, $0.14{\pm}0.01$ in 3% BS group, and $0.21{\pm}0.01$ in 2% NaF+3% BS group. Conclusions : The bamboo salt solution showed remineralization effects on incipient artificial enamel caries and the solution mixed sodium fluoride solution and bamboo salt solution showed more remineralization effects than the bamboo salt solution. Thus, it is suggested that bamboo salt can be used as remineralization agent in incipient enamel caries lesion.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.218-225
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• 2017

Saeu (shrimp) jeotgal (SJ) was prepared by mixing with 25% salt with different types: purified salt (PS), solar salt aged for 1 year (SS), and bamboo salt. SJ was fermented for 22 weeks at $15^{\circ}C$. Bacilli and marine bacteria were detected throughout the entire fermentation period, and marine bacteria were present in the largest numbers. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were detected only during the first 8-10 weeks, but yeasts appeared at the sixth week and later. Archaea were detected in low numbers only from SS-SJ during the first 8 weeks. BS- SJ showed higher pH and lower titratable acidity (TA) values than other SJs because of strong alkalinity of bamboo salt. Amino-type nitrogen (ANN) contents of SJs increased during fermentation, especially, after 2 and 6 weeks. SS-SJ showed the highest ANN content from the beginning to the end of fermentation. Ammonia-type nitrogen (AMN) contents also increased like the amino-type nitrogen during fermentation. The highest volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) was also observed in SS-SJ. Salinity was kept constant after 4 weeks. SS was better than other salts for SJ fermentation in terms of protein hydrolysis.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2001

This study was carried out to evaluate the irritant potential of P-toothpaste in hamster cheek pouch. The test materials were applied once at the beginning of this study into right pouches of hamsters and maintained for 14 days. Animals were administered with P-toothpaste, Bamboo salt toothpaste, D.W. and control solution, respectively. In order to evaluate the irritant potential in mucosa of hamster cheek pouch, we observed clinical signs, morality, body weights and gross and histopathological findings for 14 days. In all groups, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, there were no differences between D.W. and P-toothpaste treated group in gross and histopathological findings. Therefore, these results suggest that there was little irritant potential of P-toothpaste in hamster cheek pouch.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 2000

This study has been carried out to investigate general pharmacological action of bamboo salt (jukyom) in terms of effects on central nervous system and cardiovascular system in experimental animals. After bamboo salt, crude salt or reagent-grade NaCl were orally administered into male ICR mice with dose of 2.0 g/kg, general behavioural syndromes such as body weight and locomotor activity, spontaneous motor activity, pento-barbital-induced sleeping time, muscle incoordination, electroshock-induced convulsion, body temperature and writhing response caused by 0.6% acetic acid solution were observed. Bamboo salt had no influences in these indices for examinition of effect on central nervous system. Additionally, conscious male Sprague Dawley rats fastened overnight won ere treated with bamboo salt, crude salt or reagent-grade NaCl (2.0 g/kg, p.o.) to examine the effect of these salts cardiovascular system. Systolic, median and diastolic food pressure and heart rate were dertemined using tail cuff indirect method. Treatment with Hydralazine (50 mg/kg, p.o) as a positive control produced the decreases in systolic, median and diastolic blood treasure and an increase in heart rate. whereas no changes were observed in bamboo salt, crude salt and reagent-grade NaCl treated groups. These results strongly suggest that bamboo salt may have no effects on general pharmacology of central nervous systems and cardio-vascular systems.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.273-277
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• 2001

Though the bamboo salt, called as "JUKYUM" has been widely used in Korea as panacea, it's toxicity were not screened completely. To investigate the toxicity of bamboo salt, we compared with the toxicity of crude salt and reagent-grade NaCl by performing single dose oral toxicity test in SD rats. Crude salt, natural sun-dried salt (crude salt) production, was purchased from the western seashore of Korean peninsular, and reagent-grade NaCl was purchased from Sigma company. Results of the single dose oral toxicity tests on bamboo salt, crude salt and reagent-grade NaCl to SD rats are as follows, $LD_{50}$ of bamboo salt was 4174mg/kg (male) and 4074mg/kg (female), that of crude salt was 4871mg/kg (male) and 4898mg/kg (female) and that of reagent-grade NaCl was 4247mg/kg (male) and 4025mg/kg (female), respectively. There were little differences in clinical signs and gross legions among groups. Finding of gross autopsy and necropsy of bamboo salt treated group were similar to other groups.er groups.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.258-268
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• 2001

Garlic has been known to be effective against the gastrointestinal diseases which can be induced by production of oxygen-derived free radical. It has been shown that bamboo salt is effective on the treatment and prevention of various gastrointestinal disorders. Bamboo salt is a processed salt invented by a Korean, ll-Hoon Kim. It has been reported that garlic and bamboo-salt are useful to the treatment of gastric disorders in Korea. To clarify the protective mechanism of the garlic-bamboo salt mixture, the gas-tropathy was induced in rats with alcohol-salicylate and the activities of the free radical scavenging enzymes were examined. In this study, we found that the garlic-bamboo salt mixture reduced the severity of hemorrhagic lesion in gastric mucosa in the rats. In addition, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) were significnatly increased and the total content of GSH was recovered. From those results, we concluded that the protective effect of the garlic-bamboo salt mixture on gastropathy in rats is its ability to recover the level of GSH and to increase the activities of the free radical scavenging enzymes (SOD, GPx, GR).

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.135-141
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• 2003

The majority of table salts are bay salts and chemical salts. However, chemical salts are known to have a different composition in biological electrolytes and quality of bay salts are getting worse due to the increasing seawater contamination. These facts may have led to the increasing usage of various health-promoting salts. Bamboo salt was introduced in 1986 as a solution to replace table salts to eliminate those detrimental effects, to promote general health and to treat diseases. Although all bamboo salts from different manufacturers have been used for the same health and medical purposes, each manufacturer utilizes different manufacturing process. The ICP analysis was used to study the changes of elemental contents in a bamboo salt during the manufacturing steps as well as these contents in various bamboo salts and other salts. After the first step, contents of Li and Sr in the bamboo salt were increased in comparison with those in the raw material, bay salt. As the next steps continued, contents of K, Ca and Ba were continuously increased. At the completion of the final step, contents of Mg and P were decreased and those of Cu, Mn and Mo were gradually increased. Bamboo salts contained lower contents of Mg, Al, B, and P, but higher contents of K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Li, Ba, Sr and Mo than bay salt.