• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.575-580
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• 2006

This Study was designed to investigate the effects of Mixture of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen and Bamboo Extract on the change of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal and cerebral ischemic rats. Experimental materials were as follows ; BE- 1 was Bamboo Extract (BE) extracted with 70% ethyl alcohol, BE-11 was BE extracted with distilled water at $121^{\circ}C$ for 30 min, BE-111 was BE extracted with distilled water at $121^{\circ}C$ for 3 hrs, MLC was mixture of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen (BCL) and BE-111 mixed at the ratio of 1 to 100 (MLC100), 1 to 50 (MLC50), 1 to 20 (MLC20), 1 to 10 (MLC10), 1 to 5 (MLC5). The results were as follows , The Changes of BE- 1 on the rCBF and MABP in normal rats were not showed, BE- 11 significantly decreased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner Dut increased MABP in a dose-dependent manner. BE-111 increased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner, MLC significantly increased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner and increased MABP in a dose-dependent manner. rCBF was significantly and stably increased by MLC5 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. As results above ; The present author thought that BE- 111 and MLC increased rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.475-480
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• 2001

Yields of bamboo extracts were 1.0∼1.5% in stalks and 3.1∼3.2% (w/w) in leaves. Electron donating ability of extracts from stalks was 62% in Maengjongjuk, 55% in Somdae and 52% in Wangdae, while that of leaf extracts showed very low level. On the contrary, nitrite-scavenging activity was higher in leaf extracts than stalk extracts, and the activity was 63, 57 and 55% in leaf extracts of Maengjongjuk, Wangdae and Somdae, respectively. Antimicrobial activity was examined against 7 major strains which cause food poisoning, and extracts of bamboo stalks showed somewhat activity, while leaf extracts showed merely or no activity according to strains. But all extracts showed relatively strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and extracts of Somdae stalks and Maengjongjuk leaves showed antimicrobial antimicrobial activity against those strains on 100${\mu}\ell$/disc concentrate.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1612-1619
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• 2006

This Study was designed to investigate the mechanism of Mixture of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen and Bamboo Extract on the change of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and blood pressure (BP) in normal rats, and further to investigate cytokines production in serum of cerebral ischemic rats. Mixture were as follows ; Bamboo Extract extracted with distilled water at 98 $^{\circ}C$ for 3 hrs, Mixture of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen and bamboo Extracts (MLE) mixed at the ratio 1 to 100 (MLE100), 1 to 50 (MLE50), 1 to 20 (MLE20), 1 to 10 (MLE10), 1 to 5 (MLE5). The results were as follows ; The MLE-induced increase in rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin (1 mg/kg, I.p.), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase as well as methylene blue (10 $^{\mu}g/kg$, I.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase. The MLE-induced increase in BP was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with methylene blue. In cytokines production in the serum drawn from femoral arterial 1 hr after middle cerebral artery occlusion, MLE5 significantly increased production of TGF-${\beta}$ and increased production of IL-10, but significantly decreased production of TGF-${\alpha}$ compared with control group. In cytokines production in the serum drawn from femoral arterial 1 hr after reperfusion, MLE5 significantly increased production of TGF-${\beta}$ and IL-10, but significantly decreased production of TGF-${\alpha}$ compared with control group. AS results above. And MLE5 had anti-ischemic effect by inhibiting TGF-${\alpha}$ production, and by accelerating IL-10 and TGF-${\beta}$ production.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2022

Objectives: Juknyeok (JN) is natural liquor extracted from bamboo stems (Phyllostachys bambusoides) and has been used as a traditional Korean medicine for improving vascular function, blood glucose, and treating stroke. Until now, the JN's lipid-lowering effect and underlying mechanism in adipocytes are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to scrutinize the effect of a standardized commercial JN on lipid accumulation during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Methods: Lipid and triglyceride (TG) accumulation in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were measured by Oil Red O staining and AdipoRed assay, respectively. Cell count analysis was used to ascertain 3T3-L1 cytotoxicity. Immunoblotting and Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis were used to assess protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels in 3T3-L1 cells, respectively. Results: Treatment with JN at 25 𝜇l/ml after pH calibration with 6.35 significantly reduced lipid and TG accumulation in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes without significant cytotoxicity. On mechanistic levels, JN markedly suppressed protein expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)-𝛽 and fatty acid synthase (FAS) during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. However, JN did not affect the protein expression levels of C/EBP-𝛼, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-𝛽/𝛾, and phosphorylation levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3/5 in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. JN also reduced leptin mRNA expression levels in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Conclusions: JN at 25 𝜇l/ml lowers lipid accumulation and TG content in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells, mediated through the reduced expression levels of C/EBP-𝛽 and FAS.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.253-264
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• 2023

Objectives : Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen (BCL), a traditional herbal medicine, is a distilled product of condensation from the burning of fresh bamboo stems. We previously identified the anti-oxidant capacity of BCL in hepatocytes and suggested that BCL is a promising therapeutic candidate for treating oxidative stress-induced hepatocellular damage. Despite the importance of the role played by Kupffer cells in liver disease, the efficacy of BCL on Kupffer cells is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether BCL could suppress LPS-induced inflammation and LPS+ATP-induced inflammasomes in Kupffer cells. Methods : We used ImKCs, a murine immortalized Kupffer cell line to examined whether BCL inhibited LPS-induced inflammation response and oxidave stress. And, we prepared a total of 18 L of BCL, purchased from Bamboo Forest Foods Co., Ltd. (648 Samdari, Damyang-eup, Damyang-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea), was concentrated using a decompression concentrator. Result : The LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines was abolished by BCL treatment. Also, BCL treatment suppressed the LPS+ATP-induced expression of inflammasome proteins (NLRP3, IL-1, and IL-18), and inhib β ited the release of IL-1 . BCL decreased LPS-or LPS+ATP-induc β ed reactive oxygen species production. In addition, BCL increased nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the expression of HO-1 in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion : These results suggest the efficacy of BCL with respect to its anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammasome effects mediated by Nrf2 in Kupffer cells.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.13-30
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• 2014

Objectives This study was designed to investigate the effects of Bambusae caulis in liquamen and Bambusae concretio silicae on blood sugar reduction and improvement of peripheral nerve function in diabetic rat models. Methods Diabetic rat models induced by streptozotocin were divided into five groups. We fed experimental group I of rats basal diet and administered normal saline (3 ml, 1 time/1 day) for 6 weeks. We fed experimental group II of rats basal diet and administered Bambusae caulis in liquamen (100 mg/kg, 1 time/1 day) for 6 weeks. We fed experimental group III, IV, V of rats basal diet and administered Bambusae concretio silicae (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg once a day) for 6 weeks. We investigated weight and glucose level of rats, and carried out touch test, hot plate test, sensory & motor nerve conduction velocity test and immunohistochemical study after 48 hours, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks. Results 1. The weight of all experimental group was gradually decreased. And glucose level was significantly decreased in the experimental group II, III, IV, V as compared with experimental group I. Especially experimental group II, IV, V were significantly decreased as compared with experimental group III. 2. In the quantitative analysis by touch test and hot plate test, mechanical pain threshold and heat pain threshold were significantly decreased in the other experimental groups as compared with experimental group I. Especially experimental group II, IV, V were significantly decreased as compared with experimental group III. 3. In the sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity test, sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity were significantly increased in the other experimental groups as compared with experimental group I. Especially experimental group II, IV, V were significantly increased as compared with experimental group III. 4. In the substance P immunohistochemical study, experimental group II, IV, V showed strong immune response in spinal cord. Conclusions Bambusae caulis in liquamen and Bambusae concretio silicae were probably useful to treat patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.629-640
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• 2008

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Jukryuk on 4-vessel occlusion(4-VO) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) ischemia. Method : After administration of Jukryuk, we compared the Jukryuk-treated group, the control, and the sham groups, in view of several points as follows 1) We evaluated the damage characterized by coagulative cell change of pyramidal neurons and pronounced gliosis in each group 2) We counted the number of normal pyramidal shapes after ischemia in each group 3) Immunohistochemistry (cyclooxygenase-2) 4) In focal ischemic injury model, we measured the volume of ischemic area Results : In this experiment, the effect of Jukryuk was determined to be protecting neuron cell shape, reducing the number of neuron cells damaged by ischemia and the volume of the ischemic area. In immunohistochemistry, Jukryuk reduced cyclooxygenase-2 expression Conclusions : According to this study, Jukryuk can protect neuron cells from injury by cerebrovascular ischemia.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.25-41
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• 2005

Objectives : Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen(BCL) has been used to medication for early stroke in the Oriental Medicine. So this study was planned to investigate the effects of BCL on the focal ischemia-induced by intraluminal filament insertion in the rats. Materials and methods: The focal ischemia was induced by Intraluminal Filament insertion into middle cerebral artery. BCL herbal acupuncture at ST36 was carried out during 3 weeks after focal ischemia-induced. Eight-arm radial maze was used for the behavioral task and neuroprotective effect of BCL acupuncture was observed by Cresyl violet, AchE, ChAT-stain Results : The error rate in the eight-arm radial maze task was significantly decreased in BCL1(0.89mg/kg) herbal acupuncture group compared to control group on 3,4,5days, compared to saline acupuncture group on 3,5days. The rate of correct choice was significantly increased in saline acupuncture, BCL1 herbal acupuncture group, BCL2(0.089mg/kg) herbal acupuncture groups compared to control group. The density of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 was the most increased in BCL1 herbal acupuncture group compared to the others. The density of AchE in the hippocampal CA1 was significantly increased in BCL1 herbal acupuncture, BCL2 herbal acupuncture groups compared to control group, and in BCL2 herbal acupuncture groups increased compared to saline acupuncture, control groups. The density of ChAT in the hippocampal CA1 was significantly increased in BCLl herbal acupuncture group compared to saline acupuncture, control groups. Conclusions : These results suggest that BCL herbal acupuncture could be used as a medication for controlling the early stroke.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.7
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• pp.993-999
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• 2015

For the purpose of investigating the in vitro antidiabetic activity of a medicinal herb and herb mixture extracts prepared through traditional antidiabetic prescription, this study examined ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Tyrosinase, a type I membrane glycoprotein, is synthesized and glycosylated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. The enzyme is subsequently transported to melanosomes, where it participates in melanogenesis. Previous studies showed that disruption of early ER N-glycan processing by an ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitor suppresses tyrosinase enzymatic activity and melanogenesis. According to the results, most oriental medicinal herbal extracts were stronger than acarbose and N-butyldeoxynojirimycin, known as an ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitor. Interestingly, ethyl acetate layer of enzyme hydrolyzed Cheongsimyeonjaeum had an inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis in B16F1 cells, although it did not inhibit tyrosinase activity directly. Together, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activity could be used to evaluate anti-melanogenesis, although cross-checking with melanin inhibitory assay is recommended.