• 한국음향학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.326-334
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• 2022

이 논문에서는 배경 잡음이 포함되는 환경에서 강인한 음성 인식을 하기 위한 전처리 단계로서 쓰이는 목표 음성 향상 방법을 제안한다. 보조 함수 기반의 독립 벡터 분석(Auxiliary-function-based Independent Vector Analysis, AuxIVA) 기법을 기반으로 가중 공분산 행렬에서 시간에 따라 변하는 분산에 의해서 가중치가 결정된다. 목표 음성에 대한 시간-주파수별 기여도를 나타내는 마스크를 통해 분산의 크기를 조절한다. 이러한 마스크는 음성 향상을 위해서 학습된 신경망 혹은 목표 화자로부터의 직선 성분의 기여도를 찾기 위한 확산성으로부터 추정할 수 있다. 이에 더하여 둘러싼 잡음에 대한 출력들은 서로 다차원 독립 성분 분석을 도입하여 의존성을 주어 안정적으로 노이즈 성분을 추출할 수 있다. 이 AuxIVA 기반의 목표 음성 추출 알고리즘은 또한 노이즈에 대해서 비음수 행렬 분해(Non-negative Matrix Factorization, NMF)를 비음수 텐서 분해(Non-negative Tensor Factorization, NTF)로 확장하여 독립 단순 행렬 분석(Independent Low-Rank Matrix Analysis, ILRMA)의 틀에서도 수행될 수 있다. 이러한 확장을 통해서 여전히 잡음 출력 채널에서의 채널간 의존성을 유지할 수 있다. CHiME-4데이터셋에 대한 실험 결과는 소개된 알고리즘에 대한 효과를 보여준다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2017

When a military vehicle is driven on a cross-country road, the occupants are exposed to vibration at a body resonance. In case that the exposure continues for too long period, the attention ability of the occupant could be affected by the vibration exposure. In the study, it was experimentally tried to find if there is a correlation between degradation of attention and vibration exposure. Two kinds of test among various psychological attention tests were employed, which were selected with considering a situation of carrying out military mission on vehicle. At the result, the searching test for controlled attention showed significant degradation in the accuracy and performance time in case of exposure at the vibration. And the attention degradation appeared to be greater when the vibration exposure increases. The dual task test for divided attention showed the difference between vibration and non-vibration condition, but showed it is insignificant for the attention to degrade by increasing exposure time.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

A simplified model of seat-human body is presented to analyze vibrations of human body on a seat of vehicle. The theoretical model having seven degrees-of-freedom is composed of the inter-connected masses, springs and dampers. Until now, evaluation of ride comfort has been usually performed only through vehicle tests. This study aims to complement shortcomings of conventional vehicle tests in evaluation of ride comfort by using the theoretical model. The acceleration values of the human body are obtained from frequency response functions of the theoretical model. Thereafter, Ride and SEAT indexes are acquired by considering response characteristics of the human body for the 12 axes that are presented in BS 6841. A vehicle test is carried out to measure the acceleration values for the three parts of the human body such as upper body, hip and foot. Ride and SEAT indexes of the vehicle test are also obtained by considering the response characteristics of the human body, of which results are compared with the values from the theoretical model. It is found that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 이동하는 광대역 음원의 위치추정에 적합한 높은 분해능을 가지는 광대역LPA (local polynomial approximation) 빔형성기법을 제안한다. 제안한 기법은 여러 개의 데이터 단편으로부터 구하는 공분산행렬 대신, 하나의 데이터 단편의 여러 개 주파수 성분으로부터 얻은 조향 공분산행렬을 이용하는 STMV(steered minimum variance) 기법을 LPA 빔형성기법에 적용하였다. STMV 기법의 센서가중벡터를 이용하여 LPA 가격함수를 구성하였으며 이를 최대화 시키는 방위각과 각속도를 2차원 탐색을 통하여 추정함으로써 높은 방위각 분해능을 가지도록 하였다. 모의신호와 실제 해상 실험 데이터를 이용하여 제안한 기법의 성능을 기존의 기법과 비교, 분석 하였다

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2007

Shocks are excited by impulsive forces and cause discomfort in vehicles. Current standards define means of evaluating shocks and predicting their discomfort, but the methods are based on research with a restricted range of shocks. This experimental study was designed to investigate the discomfort of seated subjects exposed to a wide range of vertical shocks. Shocks were produced from the responses of one degree-of-freedom models, with 16 natural frequencies (from 0.5 to 16 Hz) and four damping ratios (0.05 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4), to a hanning-windowed half-sine force inputs. Each type of shock was presented at five vibration dose values in the range $0.35\;ms^{-1.75}$ to $2.89\;ms^{-1.75}$. Fifteen subjects used magnitude estimation method to judge the discomfort of all shocks. The exponent in Stevens' power law, indicating the rate of growth in discomfort with shock magnitude, decreased with increasing fundamental frequency of the shocks. At all magnitudes, the equivalent comfort contours showed greatest sensitivity to shocks having fundamental frequencies in the range 4 to 12.5 Hz. At low magnitudes the variations in discomfort with the shock fundamental frequency were similar to the frequency weighting $W_b$ in BS 6841, but low frequency high magnitudes shocks produced greater discomfort than predicted by this weighting. At some frequencies, for the same unweighted vibration dose value, there were small but significant differences in discomfort caused by shocks having different damping ratios. The rate of increase in discomfort with increasing shock magnitude depends on the fundamental frequency of the shock. In consequence, the frequency-dependence of discomfort produced by vertical shocks depends on shock magnitude. For shocks of low and moderate discomfort, the current methods seem reasonable, but the response to higher magnitude shocks needs further investigation.