• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.403-410
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• 2012

Purpose: The purposes of this study are to investigate accommodative response among emmetropes, spectacle wearer and contact lens wearer, and correlation between refractive error and accommodative respons for each group. Methods: The 72 subjects(144 eyes) who do not have any ocular diseases were participate in this study. Subjects were categorized into emmetropes, spectacle wearer and contact lens wearer by refractive error using closed-field auto-refractometer. We measured dominant eye, naked/habitual visual acuity and refractive error of monocular/binocular vision of refractive error for far/near distance with open-field auto-refractometer and calculated accommodative lag. Results: There were no significant difference of accommodative lag between right and left eye dominant and non-dominant eye, monocular and binocular vision, and spectacle lens wearer and contact lens wearer, However the accommodative lag of binocular vision was severe than monocular vision at near. The lag of myopia was larger than emmetropes, and male was larger than female. Significant correlation was found between refractive error and accommodative lag in total subjects and the same result was found in emmetropes and contact lens wearer. However there were no significant correlation in the spectacle wearer. Conclusions: There were significant difference between emmetrops and myopes in terms of accommodative lag, however accommodative lag of spectacle wearer was not different with contact lens wearer in myopes. There were also significant correlation between refractive error and accommodative lag in emmetropes and contact lens wearer, but the accommodative lag of spectacle wearer was not significantly correlated with refractive error.

• KLA journal
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• v.38 no.6 s.307
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• pp.45-78
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• 1997

우리 협회에서 간행된 한국목록규칙 3판(KCR3)은 국내의 기술목록수준을 국제적인 수준으로 한 단계 진전시키는 중요한 계기가 되었다고 자부합니다. 그 근거로 국제서지기술법(ISBD)을 수용하여 서지기술단위저록방식을 규정함으로써, 기술만으로 완전한 저록을 구성할 수 있게 되었으며, 특히 우리의 언어나 사고과정에 기초한 한국적 특수성을 목록규칙에 반영할 수 있었다는 점을 들 수 있습니다. 그러나 종래 KCR3은 단행본 중심의 목록규칙이라는 한계가 있었고, 따라서 연속간행물과 기타 비도서자료에 대한 기술규칙의 제정이 요구되어 왔습니다. 각종 비도서잘(비책자자료)와 네트워크자원이 대량으로 간행되는 시점에서 이들 다양한 유형의 자료를 목록에서 수용할 수 있는 통합된 목록규칙이 요구되고 있는 실정임에도 불구하고, 규칙제정에 소요되는 시간과 인력을 고려하여 우선 일차로 연속간행물용 목록규칙(안)을 내어 놓게 된 것입니다. 이 목록규칙(안)은 그 동안 2년여에 걸쳐 우리 협회 목록위원회를 중심으로 회의와 토록과정을 거친 것으로 도서관계에 종사하시는 사서 여러분의 의견을 수용하고자 하오니, 애정과 관심으로 검토해 주시고 좋은 의견을 개진해 주시길 간곡히 부탁드립니다. 목록규칙은 바로 우리 도서관인 모두가 다듬고 만들어 가야 할 책무가 있기 때문입니다. 어떤 형태의 의견이나 권고안, 수정안이라도 좋으니 여러분의 많은 관심과 협조를 기대합니다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a new 3D PUI(Physical User Interface) system in which the index fingertip points and moves a mouse position on a given monitor screen. There are two 3D PUI schemes to control smart devices like smart TVs remotely, the relative pointing one and the absolute pointing one. The former has a problem in that it does not match the human perception process, and the latter requires excessive movement of the body. We combined the relative one and the absolute one, and develop a new intuitive and user-friendly pointing method, 3D PUI. It requires an establishment of a pyramid shape visible area (view volume) to point a mouse position on a screen with the dominant eye. In order to maintain the real-time view volume, however, it requires large computation depending on the movement of the dominant eye. We optimized the computation of the view volume in which it determines the internal and external position on the screen. In addition, Kalman filter is applied with tracing of the mouse pointer position to stabilize the trembling of the pointer and offers the user ease of use.

• Product Safety
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• no.3 s.159
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• pp.32-35
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• 2007

전기용품안전 관리법이 일부 개정됨에 따라 입법예고를 공고합니다. 위 개정안에 이의가 있는 기관, 단체 또는 개인은 2007년 3월 19일 까지 의견서를 산업자원부(참조 : 기술표준원 전기용품안전팀)에 제출하여 주시기 바랍니다.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.47-59
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• 2007

When the fixation point moved far distance to near distance, the change of astigmatism type in total astigmatism showed no-changed eyes: 1,020 eyes (63.8%), changed eyes: 578 eyes(36.1 %). The change of with-the-rule into oblique-astigmatism, oblique-astigmatism into with-the-rule, against-the-rule into oblique-astigmatism of change was plenty the most respectively. In corneal astigmatism was no-changed eyes: 1,164 eyes (72.8%), changed eyes: 434 eyes(27.1%). The change of with-the-rule into oblique-astigmatism, oblique-astigmatism into with-the-rule, against-the-rule into with-the-rule astigmatism was plenty the most respectively. In residual astigmatism is no-changed eyes: 935 eyes(58.5%), changed eyes: 663 eyes(41.4%). The change of with-the-rule into oblique-astigmatism, oblique-astigmatism into against-the-rule, against-the-rule into oblique-astigmatism was plenty the most respectively. When the fixation point moved far distance to near distance, the change of astigmatism axis in total astigmatism was no-changed eyes: 761 eyes(48.5%), cyclotorsioned eyes the above 10 degrees: 837 eyes(52.3%). In corneal astigmatism was no-changed eyes: 846 eyes(52.9%), cyclotorsioned eyes the above 10 degrees : 752 eyes(47%). In residual astigmatism was no-changed eyes: 614 eyes(38.4%), cyclotorsioned eyes the above 10 degrees : 984 eyes(62.5%). The magnitude of cyclotorsion of astigmatism axis in total astigmatism was Counter clockwise rotation: 31 degrees, clockwise rotation: 20 degrees. In coneal astigmatism was Counter clockwise rotation: 25 degrees, clockwise rotation: 27 degrees. In residual astigmatism was Counter clockwise rotation: 33 degrees, clockwise rotation: 35 degrees.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.433-438
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• 2011

Purpose: To investigate the proper distance from patient to target when measuring refractive error using open view target type auto-refractor(OVTAR), it was compared refractive errors between by OVTAR using N-vision-K5001 auto-refractor and internal fixation target type auto-refractor(IFTAR) using Canon auto-refractor. Methods: 21 subjects(42 eyes) aged 22.2(${\pm}$3.4) years old who had over 1.0 of corrected visual acuity and no ocular disease were participated for this study. Noncycloplegic measurements of refractive error were performed using a IFTAR(RK-F1, Canon, Japan) and an OVTAR(N-vision-K5001, Shin-nippon, Japan). The distances from subjects to targets in using the open the view target type auto-refractor were 1 m, 3 m, 4 m and 6 m. The refractive errors were compared between by IFTAR and by 1 m, 3 m, 4 m and 6 m target distances respectively using OVTAR. Results: At 1 m fixation distance the mean of refractive errors for total subjects was not significantly different between by OVTAR(-2.75${\pm}$1.84 D) and by IFTAR(-2.95${\pm}$2.04 D)(p=0.06). However at 3, 4 and 6 m fixation distance refractive errors by OVTAR were significantly lower myopic refractive errors than by IFTAR(p<0.05). Conclusions: The distance from subject to fixation target is needed over 3 m for the measurement of refractive error using OVTAR even not to 5~6 m distance.

• KLA journal
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• v.44 no.1 s.338
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• pp.14-17
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• 2003

개최월일, 주최기간, 행사명, ‘주제’, 개최장소, 연락처 순으로 게재. 게재된 편집부가 국내 도서관계 각 단체에 보낸 설문지에 답해온 것을 바탕으로 정리된 것임. 구체적인 내용은 연락처(괄호안의 전화 및 팩스번호)등으로 확인하여 주시기 바랍니다. -편집자주

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.99-104
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• 2010

Purpose: Difference of refraction result from the method of autorefraction and iTrace were investigaged for the children of elementary school in Asan City. In iTrace method. exclusion of accommodation without cycloplegia was used. Methods: Manifest refractive stale of 42 eyes of 12~13 years old were measured using autorefractor and iTrace. Refractions of far (more than 5 m) and ncar (30 cm) vision were measured using iTrace. All data showed that the spherical equivalent were classified as being in the group 1 (-0.50D < ~ < +1.00D) and 2 (below -0.50D) according 10 refractive errors. Results: Mean spherical equivalent using autorefractor and iTrace (far and near vision) were -1.08D, -0.29D and -2.34D, respectively (p<0.01). Compared with the far vision using iTrace, autorefraction was measured the myopia with -0.50D ~ -1.00D in 52.4% of total eyes. Autorefraction also statistical significant were measured a more myopia than the far vision using iTrace in group I and 2. Conclusions: The difference of refractive errors between autorefraction and iTrace, objective refraction were measured with far vision of more than 5 m were -0.79D. Autoreftaction showed statistically decreased refraction errors than iTrace with far vision.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.327-331
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was an accurate grasp of the astigmatic change due to eyes accommodation on near vision and suggested problems occurring accommodative astigmatism using near glasses. Methods: 154 subjects(308eyes) from 20 to 40 years selected for this study who had many opportunity of near vision. First, far vision corrective refraction measured using the phoropter, and then both eyes opened simultaneously for maintaining the function of binocular put away dot chart 40 cm. One eye was fogging and the other eye measured near vision astigmatism axis and degrees astigmatism using cross cylinder, and then compared with far astigmatism. Results: Increased degree of astigmatism persons on near vision more than decreased or did not changed degree of astigmatism persons, which could affect visual acuity more than 0.75 diopters in 30 eyes with an increase of 9.7% of total subjects. Direct astigmatism and oblique astigmatism were increased on near vision. Astigmatic axes were rotated base in direction on both eyes and 66.9% of subjects were more than ${\pm}$5$^{\circ}$ rotation. Due to the rotation axis of astigmatism, residual astigmatism is expected to occur and expect to adversely affect the eyes. Conclusions: Long-term using the glasses without correction of increased astigmatic and rotated axis on near vision should occur new residual astigmatism and increase the asthenopia also. Considered to be taken astigmatic change on near vision during near refraction examination.

• KLA journal
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• v.46 no.1 s.356
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• pp.33-36
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• 2005

ㆍ개최월일, 주최기간, 행사명, 「주제」, 개최장소, 연락처 순으로 게재 ㆍ게재된 정보는 편집부가 국내 도서관계 각 단체에 보낸 설문지에 답해온 것을 바탕으로 정리된 것임. 구체적인 내용은 연락처(괄호안의 전화 및 팩스번호 등)로 확인하여 주시기 바람. ㆍ보다 상세하고 풍부한 내용 게재를 위한 도서관계의 많은 협조를 부탁드립니다.