• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.235-242
• /
• 2017

In order to prepare porous scaffolds capable of pore control, PMMA powder serving as a pore-forming agent was added to HA powder to synthesize a slurry containing TBA as a solvent. And then, porous HA scaffolds where pillarshaped pore channels interconnected with each other were fabricated by freeze-casting and sintering. The crystal structure of the HA scaffolds according to the addition amount of PMMA powder was measured by XRD and the surface and inner cross section of the scaffolds were analyzed through SEM. It was found that removal of PMMA during sintering affects the internal structure of the scaffolds and the crystallinity of the HA powder. Furthermore, through evaluating the physical and mechanical properties of the scaffolds, it was confirmed that the porosity, pore size and compressive strength can be controlled by controlling the addition amount of the pore-forming agent. It was also found that the HA scaffolds produced in this study were similar in structure and properties to the natural cancellous bone. This suggests that porous HA scaffolds with PMMA can be used as an alternative to autogenous bone for tissue engineering as an artificial bone scaffold.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.220-225
• /
• 2012

Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology characterized by the triad of necrotizing granulomatous lesion in the upper and lower respiratory tracts or both, disseminated vasculitis involving both small arteries and veins, and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. The most common oral lesions associated with WG are ulceration and strawberry gingivitis. A 47-years old man in medical care associated WG was consulted our Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the chief complaint of toothaches. Pre-operative panorama showed the alveolar radiolucency and the loss of lamina dura regarding the left upper teeth. An oropharyngeal magnetic resonance imaging also revealed the increased bone marrow signal intensity on the left maxilla. Under the impression of maxillary osteonecrosis due to WG, maxillary saucerization with removal of involved teeth was performed. We obtained good results and report the first case of WG in Korea, with the review of literatures regarding oral and general systemic features.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.75-80
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of Kidner procedure combined with medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy (MDCO) in patients with the symptomatic accessory navicular with hindfoot valgus. Materials and Methods: From January 2014 to January 2019, fifteen patients (15 cases) who had undergone a Kidner procedure combined with MDCO for symptomatic accessory navicular with hindfoot valgus were included. Their mean age was 36.3 years old (19~61 years old) and there were 6 males and 9 females. The clinical results were evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score, and postoperative subjective satisfaction. The radiographic results were evaluated using the talonavicular coverage angle and the anteroposterior talo-first metatarsal angle, the lateral talo-first metatarsal angle, the calcaneal pitch angle, and the hindfoot alignment angle. The postoperative complications were also evaluated. Results: The VAS and AOFAS midfoot scores continuously improved until 12 months after surgery. Subjective satisfaction after surgery was excellent in 10 cases and good in 5 cases. The hindfoot alignment angle significantly changed after surgery. Pain due to lateral impingement disappeared in five patients, and persisted in one patient. Five patients complained of irritation caused by their fixation devices, and all the symptoms improved after removal of the fixation devices. Conclusion: Kidner procedure combined with MDCO in patients with the symptomatic accessory navicular with hindfoot valgus showed good clinical results with satisfactory correction of hindfoot valgus. In particular, the clinical results showed continuous improvement until 12 months after surgery.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.72-78
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical outcome of excision versus osteosynthesis of type II accessory navicular performed by a single surgeon. Materials and Methods: Cases of 14 feet treated with excision and 13 feet by osteosynthesis for type II accessory navicular of 25 patients from 2002 to 2009 were included in this study. Radiological measurements and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot scale was evaluated. Results: AOFAS midfoot scale of both excision and osteosynthesis groups at last follow-up showed improvement from pre-operation. However, there was no statistical difference in AOFAS midfoot scale and subjective satisfaction between the two groups at last follow-up. In detail of AOFAS midfoot scale, pain and footwear requirements showed statistically favorable results for the excision group, while activity limitation and support showed statistically favorable results for the osteosynthesis group. Subjective recovery time returning to daily activities and starting rehabilitation exercise were 14.6 weeks in the excision group and 13.7 weeks in the osteosynthesis group (p=0.025, Mann-Whitney). Suture anchor loosening was observed in one case in the excision group and non-union in two cases in the osteosynthesis group. Conclusion: Both excision and osteosynthesis are favorable surgical methods, but each method has advantages and possible complications such as suture anchor loosening or non-union. Surgeon's preference, patient's chief complaint, specific needs of patient after the operation and consideration of the size of accessory navicular can be a criteria to consider when selecting a surgical method.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.36-40
• /
• 2010

Purpose: To investigate the results of surgical treatment of the symptomatic accessory navicular in adolescent. Materials and Methods: 11 patients who were 11-16 years old with symptomatic accessory navicular were identified between 2001 and 2009. Six cases were diagnosed after trauma and 8 cases were diagnosed by accident with painful bony protrusion on medial aspect of foot. In cases after at least 3 months of ineffective conservative treatment, patients were treated by resection of accessory navicular and reattachment of tibialis posterior tendon to the apex of the medial longitudinal arch using periosteum and ligamentous soft tissue without transposition of its course. And then short leg cast was applied for correction of the flat foot (if it is combined) which was molded into the longitudinal arch with the talonavicular joint released and foot inverted during about 6 weeks. Results: All were type II accessory navicular without tibialis posterior tendon lesions. In most cases pain was improved, results were excellent in seven and good in four. Calcaneal pitch angle and talus-first metatarsal angle was improved about $4.64^{\circ}$ and $5.79^{\circ}$ in average. Conclusion: Symptomatic accessory navicular in adolescent might not be associated with the tibialis posterior tendon lesions. The surgical treatment composed of excision of the accessory navicular with simple replication of the tibialis posterior tendon without altering its course led to good results in most cases. The procedure has a low rate of complications. And it is easy to be performed with a good satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.517-529
• /
• 2005

Mt. Apsan is well known to be one of the most popular tourist sites around Daegu. Annually, more than 16 million persons visit Mt. Apsan. Although, in the mountain there are varieties of geomorphic and geological resources, there has been less concern to utilize the resources for geo-tourism. For example, there are about 10 valleys within Mt. Apsan and various landforms are scattered around the valleys. In this context, this study, based on field surveys centering around Gosangol valley, Anjiranggol valley and Dalbigol valley, focuses on exploring ways towards developing Mt. Apsan as an example geo-tourist site. The main findings are as follows: 1) The main landforms of Mt. Apsan include river cliff, cavern, free face, mud crack, ripple mark, fold, sheeting joint, talus, alluvial fan, pot hole, fault line, gnamma, columnar joint and metamorphic rock. 2) The guide notes on the landforms are developed. 3) In order to raise a learning effect of visitors on geomorphic resources, 9 nature trails are designed according to valleys and the length of visitor's stay.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.73-77
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of a modified Kidner procedure using a suture bridge technique in symptomatic type II accessory navicular. Materials and Methods: Between January 2013 and December 2014, a total of 35 cases with symptomatic type II accessory navicular were treated with a modified Kidner procedure using the suture bridge technique. The patients were evaluated preoperatively, 3 months after surgery, and at the latest follow-up (at least six months postoperatively) clinically via the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score, visual analogue scale (VAS), and the self-subjective satisfaction score. Results: The mean AOFAS midfoot score demonstrated significant improvement from a mean of 45.3 preoperatively to a mean of 89.2 at 3 months after surgery. At the latest follow-up, the mean AOFAS midfoot score was 92.6 (p<0.001). The mean VAS also improved significantly, decreasing from 6.7 out of 10 preoperatively to 1.8 at 3 months after surgery. At the latest follow-up, the VAS was 1.2 (p<0.001). The mean time of a single-limb heel raise was 4.6 months postoperatively and the self-subjective satisfaction score was 1.4 out of 4 at the latest follow-up. Conclusion: The short-term surgical results of the modified Kidner procedure with a suture bridge technique for symptomatic type II accessory navicular were good to excellent in terms of pain, functional and clinical assessments. In conclusion, the modified Kidner procedure with the suture bridge technique is a reasonable treatment option for symptomatic type II accessory navicular.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.62-68
• /
• 2001

Purpose: to investigate the etiology and the results of surgical treatment of the symptomatic accessory navicular in adults. Materials and Methods: Between 1996 and 2000, 17 cases in 16 adult patients who were older than 20 years were diagnosed as painful accessory na vicular. 11 patients could recall a twisting injury of the ankle, and 8 of them were inversion sprain. 4 patients had tibialis posterior tendon lesions. 13 feet of 12 patients were treated by resection of accessory navicular, the synchondrosis, the medial portion of the navicular and reattachment of tibialis posterior tendon without transposition. 9 feet in 8 patients were followed for more than one year after surgery. In 4 patients with tibialis posterior tendon lesions, additional procedures were performed according to the state of the lesion. Results: All were type II accessory navicular bone which had synchondroses. There was gross motion of the synchondrosis in 'the operating field in all feet. Of the 9 feet which were followed for more than one year after surgery, results were excellent in five and good in four. Conclusion: The painful accessory navicular in adult might be closely associated with inversion ankle sprain, and also with the tibialis posterior tendon lesions. Satisfactory result could be obtained without transposition of the tibialis posterior tendon to the undersurface of the navicular and immediate postoperative weight bearing does not have harmful effect on the result.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.87-91
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence and patterns of fractures occurred in Inline skating accident. Materials and Method: We evaluated 20 patients, 20 cases(from september 2002 to August 2003) with fractures occurred during Inline skating. The incidence, sex, age, fracture site, associated injuries, causes of Inline skating injuries were analysed. The cases were male in 18(90$\%$), and female in 2(10$\%$). The most common distribution of age was in twenties and thirties. Result: The patients(12cases 60$\%$) with upper extremity fracture were more common than patients(8cases 40$\%$) with lower extremity fracture. Patients who had fracture in ankle were 35$\%$(7cases), forearm 20$\%$(4cases), wrist 20$\%$(4cases), elbow 15$\%$(3cases), thigh 5$\%$(1cases). According to the The Lauge-Hansen classification in ankle fractures there were four patients of supination-external rotation type, two patients of supination-abduction type, and 1 patient of pronation-external rotation type. In forearm and hand fractures, there were three distal radius fractures, one radio-ulnar shaft fracture, 2 scaphoid fractures, and two meta-carpal fractures. In elbow fractures, there were two supracondyle fractures, and one lateral condyle fracture. There were three epiphyseal plate injuries (Salt-Harris type II) in children, and all of them were treated by conservative method. Six fractures were intra-articular fractures. The most common associated injury was contusion(8cases 42.1$\%$). The number of patients who only rode Inline skating less than 3months(8cases 40$\%$) was the greatest. The number of non-contact injury(14cases, 70$\%$) in Inline skating was more than contact(6cases,30$\%$) injury. 11cases(55$\%$) had operative treatment, and 9cases(45$\%$) had conservative treatment, and there was not any complication. The more detailed study is required since the materials were only limited to fracture patients, and the follow up period was short. Conclusion: The most common age for fracture in Inline skating was in twenties, and thirties, and ankle was the most common fracture site.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.447-453
• /
• 2010

The hemifacial microsomia is characterized by variable underdevelopment of the craniofacial skeleton, external ear, and facial soft tissues. So, patients with hemifacial microsomia have an occlusal plane canting and malocclusion with facial asymmetry. Distraction osteogenesis (DO) with an intraoral or extraoral device is a technique using tension to generate new bone with gradual bone movement and remodeling. DO has especially been used to correct craniofacial deformities such as a hemifacial microsomia, facial asymmetry, and mandible defect that could not adequately be treated by conventional reconstruction with osteotomies. It has a significant advantage to lengthen soft and hard tissue of underdeveloped site without bone graft and a few complication such as nerve injury or muscle contracture. A 13-years old girl visited our clinic for the chief complaint of facial asymmetry. She had a left hypoplastic maxilla and mandible, occlusal plane canting and malocclusion. We diagnosed hemifacial microsomia and lanned DO to lengthen the affected side. Le Fort I osteotomy, left mandibular ramus and symphysis osteotomy were performed. The internal distraction devices fixed with screw on maxillary and mandibular ramus osteotomy sites. External devices were adapted to lower jaw for DO on symphysis osteotomy site and to upper jaw for rapid maxillary expansion (RME). At 7days after surgery, distraction was started at the rate of 1mm per day for 13days, and after 4months consolidation periods, distraction devices were removed. Simultaneous multiple maxillo-mandibular distraction osteogenesis with RME resulted in a satisfactory success in correcting facial asymmetry as well as occlusal plane canting for our hemifacial microsomia.