• Title/Summary/Keyword: 주동 형태

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Classification of Explosive Demolition Methods Based on the Building Type and Dimension of Wall-slab Apartment Building (벽식 아파트의 주동 형태 및 규모에 따른 발파해체공법 분류)

  • Park, Hoon;Suk, Chul-Gi
    • Explosives and Blasting
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.19-25
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    • 2009
  • According to increasing demands for a redevelopment of a wall-slab structure apartment, new explosive demolition methods, which are different from those for RC structure apartment, are requested. In this study, to provide basic design data on explosive demolition of wall-slab structure apartment, wall-slab structure apartments were classified according to building types and dimensions. Also adequate explosive demolition methods for wall-slab structure apartment are analyzed by using blasting pattern factors such as height(H), breadth(B) and length(L) of apartment.

Nonlinearly Distributed Active Earth Pressure on a Translating Rigid Retaining Wall : II. Application (평행이동하는 강성옹벽에 작용하는 비선형 주동토압 : II. 적용성)

  • 백규호
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.191-199
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    • 2003
  • It is known that the distribution of the active earth pressure against a rigid wall is not triangular, but nonlinear, due to arching effects in the backfill. In the farmer paper, a new formulation was proposed for the nonlinear distribution of active earth pressure on a translating rigid retaining wall considering arching effects. In this paper, parametric study is performed to investigate the effect of ${\phi}, {\delta}$ and wall height on the magnitude and distribution of active earth pressure calculated from the proposed equations. In order to check the accuracy of the proposed formulation, the predictions from the equation are compared with both existing full-scale test results and values from existing equations. The comparisons between calculated and measured values show that the proposed equations satisfactorily predict both the earth pressure distribution and the lateral active earth force on the translating wall. Simplified design charts are also proposed for the modified active earth pressure coefficient and fur the height of application of the lateral active force in order to facilitate the use of the proposed equation.

The 3-Dimensional Active Earth Pressure Depending on the Size of Rectangular Wall (직사각형 벽체의 크기에 따른 3차원 주동토압)

  • Park, Byung-Suk;Lee, Sang-Duk
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.31 no.9
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    • pp.69-78
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    • 2015
  • If an active displacement occurs on a wall with finite size, the ground behind the wall forms shapes of 3-dimensional wedges and 3-dimensional active earth pressure are applied on the wall. In the previous studies, shapes of 3-dimensional wedges were measured and the resultant of 3-dimensional active earth pressure has been calculated. In this study, the magnitude and the distribution of 3-dimensional active earth pressure depending on the size of a rectangular wall, which was defined by the aspect ratio (h/w), that is, the ratio between the height and the width of wall, were measured and compared with previous 3-dimensional models. The result shows that, the horizontal displacement (S) of the wall is approx 0.12% of the height of wall (h). The resultant 3-dimensional active earth pressure is similar to that of Karstedt (1982). The distributions of earth pressures on the wall are parabolic shape. The peak earth pressure was measured at the 0.5~0.55 depth from the ground surface. The reduction factor of 3-dimensional active earth pressure against the 2-dimensional earth pressure (${\alpha}$) depending the aspect ratio (h/w) is presented by the diagram.

Earth Pressure Distribution with Rigid Retaining Wall Movements (강성토유벽의 움직임에 따른 토압분포)

  • 강병희;채승호
    • Geotechnical Engineering
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.47-60
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    • 1989
  • Lateral earth Pressure distributions due to the ,randy soil backfill behind the rigid vertical walls for three different wall movement modes are obtained by the elasto-plastic finite element analys of soil deformation, and these earth pressures are compared with both Rankine's and Dubrova's active earth pressures. Thereby, the effects of the magnitude and the mode of wall displacement on the earth pressure distribution are investigated. Three different modes of wall movement considered in this study are the rotation about bottom, the rotation about top and the translation. For the case of the wall rotation about top, the earth pressure distribution is shown as a reverse S-curve-shaped distribution due to the arching effect. Consequently, the point of application of the lateral thrust is much higher than one-third of the wall height from the base. And, comparing the other modes of wall movement, the magnitude and the point of appliestion of the lateral thrust for the wall rotation about top are larger and higher, respectively. The wedge-shaped plastic zone in the backfill at active failure is developed only for the mode of wall rotation about bottom. The lateral earth pressure distributions on the walls with inclined backfill of several different slopes are shown for the mode of wall rotation about bottom.

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Active Earth Pressure behind Rigid Retaining Wall Rotating about the Top (정점을 중심으로 회전하는 강성옹벽에 작용하는 주동토압)

  • 백규호;사공명
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.20 no.8
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    • pp.181-191
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    • 2004
  • For a rigid retaining wall with rough face, the magnitude and distribution of active earth pressure on the wall are affected by the shape of failure surface and arching effect developed in the backfill as well as internal friction angle of the backfill and wall friction angle. Therefore, the practical shape of failure surface and arching effect in the backfill must be considered to acquire accurate magnitude and non-linear distribution of active earth pressure acting on the rigid retaining wall. In this study, a new formulation for calculating the active earth pressure on a rough rigid retaining wall rotating about the top is proposed considering the practical shape of non-linear failure surface and arching effects. Accuracy of the proposed equation is checked through comparisons of calculations from the proposed equations with existing model test results. The comparisons show that the proposed equations produce satisfactory results.

Active Earth Pressure against Caisson Backfilled with Crushed Rock and Sand (I) : Formulation (사석과 모래로 뒷채움된 케이슨에 작용하는 주동토압 (I) : 정식화)

  • Paik Kyu-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.63-72
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    • 2006
  • Coulomb's theory has traditionally been used for the estimation of active earth pressure acting on rigid walls. However, many experimental data show that active earth pressures on rough, rigid walls are nonlinearly distributed. This is due to the arching effects produced by friction between the wall and backfill materials when the wall translates away from the backfill. Although there are analyses that take arching into consideration f3r a horizontal backfill surface and a vertical rigid wall, these analyses were derived for homogeneous backfill. Therefore, it is not possible to use these analyses for a caisson backfilled with crushed rock and sand, a common type of rigid wall for harbor structures. In this study, a new formulation for calculation of the nonlinear active earth pressure acting on a caisson backfilled with crushed rock and sand is proposed considering both internal friction angles and unit weights of the crushed rock and sand.

The Lateral Earth Pressure on Rigid Retaining Wall Due to the Various Modes of Wall Movement (벽체변위에 따른 기류벽에 작용하는 토압)

  • Chae, Yeong-Su;Im, Byeong-Ju;Baek, Yeong-Sik
    • Geotechnical Engineering
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.21-30
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    • 1985
  • The reasonable static and dynamic earth pressure equations were developed by applying the Dubrova's theory and Chang's method to the following cases of wall movements; (1) Active case rotating about the top (2) Active case rotating about the bottom (3) Passive case rotating about the top (4) Passive case rotating about the bottom The equations are presented in accordance with particular wall displacements for the sand and cohesive back-fill, respectively. The results computed by the proposed equations are compared with the conventional theoretical values.

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An Analysis on the Methods of Block Design Elements and their Trends in the Apartment Housing Design Competitions of Sejong City (공동주거단지 주동계획 요소에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hyung Jin;Kim, Young Suk;Kim, Sang Jin;Cho, Jung Geon;Baek, Ki Young
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.1450-1460
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    • 2015
  • This study is to analyze various methods of block design elements applied in the recent apartment housing design competitions for Sejong city. It is expected to find the new design trend and good design characteristics of apartment building forms to use as the basic data of apartment housing design, because it is a case study on the ambitious design competition of the city that many major architectural firms in Korea entered and eager to propose new ideas. The results of this study are following : (1) The forms of slab block are classified into 8 types(the best applying one is ㄱ type). The forms of point block are classified into 9 types(the best applying ones are ㅁ, L and - type). (2) For the shapes of core, the forms of opposite core are classified into 6 types, the forms of parallel core are 3 types. (3) The forms of roof are classified into 4 types. The flat type is applied to 95 percent of the total cases. (4) The shapes of block mass are classified into 5 types(the best applying ones are general and void type), facade forms are 3 types(the best applying one is horizontal division type).

Application and development of a machine learning based model for identification of apartment building types - Analysis of apartment site characteristics based on main building shape - (머신러닝 기반 아파트 주동형상 자동 판별 모형 개발 및 적용 - 주동형상에 따른 아파트 개발 특성분석을 중심으로 -)

  • Sanguk HAN;Jungseok SEO;Sri Utami Purwaningati;Sri Utami Purwaningati;Jeongseob KIM
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.55-67
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to develop a model that can automatically identify the rooftop shape of apartment buildings using GIS and machine learning algorithms, and apply it to analyze the relationship between rooftop shape and characteristics of apartment complexes. A database of rooftop data for each building in an apartment complex was constructed using geospatial data, and individual buildings within each complex were classified into flat type, tower type, and mixed types using the random forest algorithm. In addition, the relationship between the proportion of rooftop shapes, development density, height, and other characteristics of apartment complexes was analyzed to propose the potential application of geospatial information in the real estate field. This study is expected to serve as a basic research on AI-based building type classification and to be utilized in various spatial and real estate analyses.

Active Earth Pressure behind Rigid Retaining Wall Rotating about the Base (저점을 중심으로 회전하는 강성옹벽에 작용하는 주동토압)

  • 백규호
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.20 no.8
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    • pp.193-203
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    • 2004
  • Arching effects in backfill materials generate a nonlinear active earth pressure distribution on a rigid retaining wall with rough face, and arching effects on the shape of the nonlinear earth pressure distribution depends on the mode of wall movement. Therefore, the practical shape of failure surface and arching effect in the backfill changed with the mode of wall movement must be considered to calculate accurate magnitude and distribution of active earth pressure on the rigid wall. In this study, a new formulation for calculating the active earth pressure on a rough rigid retaining wall rotating about the base is proposed by considering the shape of nonlinear failure surface and arching effects in the backfill. In order to avoid mathematical complexities in the calculation of active earth pressure, the imaginary failure surface composed of four linear surfaces is used instead of the nonlinear failure surface as failure surface of backfills. The comparisons between predictions from the proposed equations and existing model test results show that the proposed equations produce satisfactory predictions.