• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.645-653
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to develop a Pulsed Magnetic Fields(PMFs) system which can produce effects locally and simulate muscular tissues equally. To evaluate the PMFs system we caused DOMS(Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness) to subjects in biceps of the arm. Then, we stimulated acupoint HT2 using PMFs(20 minutes) and TEAS(20 minutes) for 2 days. The other subjects did not stimulate. Then we checked body surface temperature in biceps of the arm. All subjects had an asymmetrical body surface temperature in biceps after exercise(Non-stimulation group=$2.00{\pm}1.16^{\circ}C$, TEAS group=$1.73{\pm}0.52^{\circ}C$, PMFs group=$1.48{\pm}0.51^{\circ}C$). After 1st stimulation all subjects had decreased temperature differences(Non-stimulation group=$1.37{\pm}0.71^{\circ}C$, TEAS group=$1.08{\pm}0.43^{\circ}C$, PMFs group=$1.23{\pm}0.15^{\circ}C$). PMFs group had a symmetry body surface temperature after 24 hours($0.05{\pm}0.06^{\circ}C$) and TEAS group had that after 48 hours($0.1{\pm}0.08^{\circ}C$). Non-stimulation group did not recovery after 48 hours($0.37{\pm}0.06^{\circ}C$). Therefore, PMFs on acupoint had an therapeutic effect in DOMS.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.260-268
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of light quality using either monochromatic or combined LEDs on the growth and antioxidant accumulation of Agastache rugosa cultivated under hydroponics for 4 weeks. This experiment was performed in a controlled-environment room at $22{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and $18{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ (day and night temperatures, respectively) and 50-70% relative humidity, with a provided photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of $180{\pm}5{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ and irradiated with either monochromatic (W10 and R10) or mixed LEDs (W2B1G1, R3B1, R2B1G1, and W2B1G1) with a differing ratio of each LED's PPFD and fluorescent lighting (FL: control) with a 16/8 h photoperiod. Fresh and dry weights were highest for plants grown under the W2B1G1 treatment. A. rugosa grown with R10 had the greatest plant height but the lowest SPAD among all treatments. The concentration of rosmarinic acid in plants grown under W2B1G1 was significantly higher than that of plants grown under other treatments. Tilianin content was significantly higher in R3B1 than in the other treatments. However, whole-plant rosmarinic acid and tilianin content was the highest under the W2B1G1 condition. To cultivate A. rugosa in a plant factory, mixed-LED light conditions with W2B1G1 is considered to be more advantageous for the growth and antioxidant accumulation of A. rugosa. It is though that the total whole-plant antioxidant content is more crucial for commercial use; the present study demonstrates the potential to achieve higher content of functional materials in plants through the selection of light quality.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.309-320
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• 2017

In this study, the antioxidative effects and component analysis of 50% ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and aglycone fraction obtained from Annona muricata leaf were investigated. Free radical scavenging activities were performed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, total antioxidant capacities were estimated using luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay and $^1O_2$ quenching effects were estimated. Free radical scavenging activities ($FSC_{50}$) of 50% ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and aglycone fraction were 45.6, 29.8 and $18.0{\mu}g/mL$, and total antioxidant capacities ($OSC_{50}$) were 4.4, 1.1 and $2.8{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. As a result of $^1O_2$ quenching experiment, ethyl acetate and aglycone fraction showed similar activities to L-ascorbic acid used as a comparative control. The cellular protective effects of 50% ethanol extract on the $^1O_2-induced$ cellular damage of human erythrocytes were exhibited at concentration-dependent ($5-50{\mu}g/mL$). TLC and HPLC were used to analyse components in the ethyl acetate fraction and aglycone fraction of Annona muricata leaf. In ethyl acetate fraction, rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside), kaempferol-3-O-neohesperidoside, nicotiflorin (kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside), p-coumaric acid were identified. In aglycone fraction, kaempferol was identified. These results suggest that the extracts of Annona muricata leaf have the applicability as antioxidant cosmeceutical ingredients.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.319-329
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• 1990

Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on blood pressure, plasma lenin activity, aldosterone and renal excretion were compared in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar rats fed low, medium or high sodium diet (2, 10, 25 mmol NaCl/100g diet) for 6 weeks. ANP infusion (380 ng/kg/min for 20 min) produced reductions in blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and aldosterone level, but marked increases in hematocrit, urine flow, and excretions of sodium and potassium. The low sodium group showed a significantly enhanced aldosterone lowering effect of ANP than the high sodium group. However, three salt groups showed no difference in effects of ANP on blood pressure, plasma renin activity, hematocrit and diuresis. Natriuretic response to ANP was significantly greater in the high salt-than in the low sait-SHR, but was not different between the Wistar salt groups. There were strain differences in effects of ANP: SHR showed greater responses of blood pressure and natriuresis than Wistar rats. Above results indicate that aldosterone-lowering and natriuretic effects of ANP were modifed by different dietary sodium intakes. However, blood pressure- and renin-lowering, or diuretic effects of ANP were not affected by dietary sodium intakes. The mechanisms whereby dietary sodium intakes alter the effects of ANP in the pathogenesis of hypertension are not clear.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.743-752
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• 2004

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of filtered water with silicate minerals on growth performance and pork quality. A total of 64 pigs were allotted at 37.95 kg body weight to 4 treatments in a randomized complete block(RCB) design. Each treatment had 4 replicates and treatments were I) Con(basaI diet). 2) Si-I(consumed silicate mineral filtered water and silicate mineral additive during 4 weeks before market weight), 3) Si-Il( consumed silicate mineral filtered water and silicate mineral additive during 8 weeks before market weight) and 4) Si-I1I(consumed silicate mineral filtered water and silicate mineral additive during 12 weeks before market weight). Silicate complex was added at 0.8% to basal diet. All pigs were allowed to feed and water ad libitum for 12 weeks. During last 4 weeks, average daily gain(ADG) in Si-Il and Si-III group was higher than that in Si-I group(P < 0.05). However overall experimental period, there were no significant differences in growth performance among all treatments. Acceptability of cooked pork at 7th day after slaughter in Si-lII group was higher than that in Con group(P < 0.05). The value of pH of fresh pork at 6 hours after slaughter was lower in Si-I1I group than that in Con group(P < 0.05). TBA values of fresh pork at 14th day after slaughter were lower in Si-II and Si-III groups than Con group(P < 0.05). These results demonstrated that pork quality could be improved when pigs consumed both silicate mineral and silicate mineral filtered water. However, growth performance was not improved by the consumption of silicate mineral filtered water and silicate mineral.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2002

Purpose: In this prospective, randomized study, we compared the results of early motion versus conventional immobilization after the arthroscopic Bankart repair. Materilal and Methods : We performed an arthroscopic Bankart repair using suture anchors in 62 patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability and randomized them into two groups; Group 1 (n=28; mean age, 28 years) underwent three-week of immobilization and conventional rehabilitation program, while Group 2 (n=34; mean age, 29 years) underwent an accelerated rehabilitation program with staged range of motion and strengthening exercises starting from the immediate postoperative day. Selected patients were non-athletes with a classic Bankart lesion and a robust labrum. Analysis of outcome included pain scores (6-week and follow-up: 31(9 months), range of motion, return to activity, recurrence, patients’ satisfaction with each program, and shoulder scores (ASES, UCLA, and Rowe). Results : The recurrent rate was not different between the two groups (2 anterior apprehension from each group) (p=0.842). Patients with accelerated rehabilitation resumed functional range-of-motion faster and returned earlier to the functional level of activity (p<0.05). Accelerated rehabilitation decreased postoperative pain and more patients were satisfied with this program (p<0.05). No differences were found between the two groups at the follow-up with regards to the shoulder scores, return to activity, pain score, and the range-of-motion. Conclusions : Early mobilization after arthroscopic Bankart repair does not increase the recurrence rate in selected patients. Although the final outcomes are similar in both groups, the accelerated rehabilitation program promotes functional recovery and reduces postoperative pain, which enables patients an early institution of desired activities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.452-458
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• 2008

The effect of fermented soybean culture of Bacillus subtilis MORI mixed with mulberry leaves on the lowering the levels of blood glucose and cholesterol was examined using neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetic (n-STZ) rats. B. subtilis MORI produces 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), an $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitor. The content of DNJ of soybean fermented culture mixed with mulberry was higher (4.1$\pm$0.0 mg/g dry base) than that (1.5$\pm$0.0 mg/g) of mulberry. The concentration of 50% inhibition (IC50) against rat intestinal $\alpha$-glucosidase of soybean fermented culture mixed with mulberry was $5.6{\pm}0.1{\mu}g$/mL and that of mulberry was $17.0{\pm}0.5{\mu}g$/mL. Experimental groups of diabetic rats were randomly assigned to normal control group (NC group), diabetic control group (DC group) and three diabetic groups fed with DNJ food product. One of the three diabetic groups was M group (60 mg DNJ food product/kg) (DNJ food product containing 30% mulberry) and the other two were MM-60 group (60 mg/kg) and MM-120 group (120 mg/kg) (DNJ-fortified food product containing 30% fermented soybean culture mixed with mulberry leaves). The glucose in serum was significantly decreased in the MM-60 and MM-120 groups fed with DNJ-fortified food product for 4 weeks, compared with DC group. Total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum were also lower in MM-60 and MM-120 groups than the DC group. These results support that the fermented soybean culture of B. subtilis MORI mixed with mulberry leaves improved the metabolism of blood glucose and lipid in the n-STZ rat model.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 1980

In order to identify the best superior cross combination of breeder stocks for broiler production, combining ability test and analyses of phenotypic performances for parent stocks were examined on records of 1,440 broiler chicken which were produced from 4 parental strains and 3 maternal strains at Hanhyup Poultry Breeding Farm from September 28, 1978 to January 5, 1979. The results obtained were as follows; 1. There was not found heterosis effect in viability but it seems to be desirable to select Hubbard strain in paternal line to improve viability. 2. As the paternal and maternal lines, selection of Ross strain showed the best paternal and maternal performance and the best general combining ability in body weight at 8 weeks of age is expected to be able to improve body weight of it s crossbred And the most superior cross combinations based on the specific combining ability and performance of rack crossbred were identified as Hubbard x Ross ana Ross x Hypeco crossbreds. 3. The best paternal and maternal lines on the smallest feed consumption for 8 weeks were Hubbard and Ross strains, and Hypeco strain, respectively. Especially Hubbard x Hypeco cross combination was proved as the smallest feed consumption compared with other cross combinations. 4. In feed requirement per Kg body weight increase, Hubbard strain for paternal line, Hypeco strain for naternal line, and cross combinations of Hubbard x Hypeco, Hubbard x Ross and Ross x Hypeco were certified as the most superiors. 5. Also superior cross combinations of Hubbard x Hypeco and Hubbard x Ross earned the most profit per bird through economic analysis. According to results as shown above, this experiment seems to be able to reach a such conclusion that production of superior cross combinations Hubbard x Ross, Hubbard x Hypeco and Ross x Hypeco through selection of Ross and Hubbard strains to paternal line and Hypeco and Ross strains for maternal line may become to considerable improvement for important economic characters of broiler; viability, body weight, feed consumption and feed requirement.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2001

This study was conducted to develope an automatic liquid feeder for early weaning piglets and to test the efficacy of the system. The liquid feeder consists of water heating and discharge unit, dry diet storing and discharge unit, mixing and discharge unit, mixed liquid feed-delivering unit, and the central control part which control each unit, feeding frequency and the amount of feeding. For investigating the possibility of practical use, a feeding trial was carried out using eighteen three way crossbred piglets weaned on 19 days of age for the experimental period of six weeks. Experimental diet was provided in liquid form using the automatic liquid feeder for the first three weeks and in dry form for the later three weeks. The water heating and discharge unit exactly supplied warm water by 27 $m\ell$/s, into the mixing unit. The dry diet storing and discharge unit supplied dry feed by 3.7g/s, into the mixing unit. Being compared with the standard growth rate suggested by NRC, average daily gain of the piglets during the first three weeks of liquid feeding was lower by 10%, while it was higher during three weeks of dry feeding and over the whole experimental period by 24 and 17%, respectively. Feed/gain was 1.09, 2.14 and 1.89 for the first 3 weeks, later 3 weeks, and whole period, respectively. Diarrhea was observed for three days from day 3 to day 7 after feeding liquid diet, but no pig died of it. In conclusion, a preliminary test for the newly developed an automatic liquid feeder using 19 days of age weaning piglets showed that the unit was successfully operated without any major problems. Piglets raised on a liquid diet through the unit developed grew less during the first three weeks, but their growth and feed intake were greatly improved thereafter, indicating the developed automatic liquid feeder may be practically used in swine industry.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.619-625
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• 2001

We determined whether the supplementation of Polygonatum Odoratum (Mill) Druce (POD) extract had a good effect on insulin resistance in peripheral tissues of 90% pancreatectomized (Px) and sham-operated (Sham) male Sprague Dawley rats. Px and Sham rats were divided into two groups; one group daily consumed 0.3 g of POD extracts per 1 ㎏ body weight for two months, and the other group had a placebo. All rats freely consumed a 40% fat diet. At the end of the experiment, a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic (EH) clamp was performed in a fasting, awake, and unstressed state to determine insulin resistance. At EH clamp, body weights were higher in Sham rats than Px rats, and serum glucose levels of baseline were affected by diabetic status and POD administration. Serum insulin concentrations were higher in Sham rats than Px rats, and POD administration decreased them in Sham rats compared to P. Glucose disposal rates in peripheral tissues increased with POD in both Px (n=10) and Sham (n=10) rats. But glycogen deposits in soleus muscle increased with POD administration in Px and Sham rats, and total glycogen synthase activity and fraction velocity were higher in POD groups. Triglyceride contents in quadriceps muscles decreased with POD in Px rats. In conclusions, POD improves insulin resistance by enhancing glucose utilization with increasing glycogen deposit and decreasing triglyceride contents in muscles.