• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1007-1014
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• 2016

A highly efficient, rapid, and reliable multiplex polymerase chain reaction based method for distinguishing ten species of genus Cynoglossus (C. senegalensis, C. abbreviates, C. macrolepidotus, C. arel, C. semilaevis, C. interruptus, C. joyneri, C. lingua, C. robustus, and C. monodi) is described. The species-specific primer sets were designed base on the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (1,500 bp). The optimal PCR conditions and primers were selected for ten of Cynoglossus species to determine target base sequences using single PCR. Multiplex PCR using the ten pairs of primers either specifically amplified a DNA fragment of a unique size or failed, depending on each species DNA. The length of amplification fragment of 208 bp for C. senegalensis, 322 bp for C. abbreviates, 493 bp for C. macrolepidotus, 754 bp for C. arel, 874 bp for C. semilaevis, 952 bp for C. interruptus, 1,084 bp for C. joyneri, 1,198 bp for C. lingua, 1,307 bp for C. robustus, and 1,483 bp for C. monodi with the species-specific primers, visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis, allowed perfectly distinction of the Cynoglossus species. The multiplex PCR assay can be easily performed on multiple samples and attain final results in less than 6 hours. This technique should be a useful addition to the molecular typing tools for the tentative identification of Cynoglossus species.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2017

Eighteen commercial laver (Porphyra sp.) products were purchased from Korean market and were monitored for their microbial contamination, pre-decontamination, and luminescence properties. The laver samples showed considerable variation in their microbial contamination, from $10-10^7CFU/g$ of total aerobic counts, <$10-10^2CFU/g$ of coliforms in 4 dried laver samples, and <$10-10^6CFU/g$ of yeasts and molds except in 3 samples. In addition, $10^2CFU/g$ of Bacillus cereus was found in one sample. DEFT/APC analysis was suitable for demonstrating whether the samples were pre-decontaminated or not, with DEFT/APC values lower than 2.0 log for non-heated samples and 1.0-8.5 log for heatprocessed samples. In photostimulated luminescence (PSL) calibration, 15 samples irradiated at 1 kGy showed positive (irradiated) values more than 5000 PCs. Furthermore, thermoluminescence (TL) analysis by separating the marker minerals from samples revealed the potential to be employed in identifying irradiation status by determining $1^{st}$ TL glow at $125-175^{\circ}C$ and TL ratio ($TL_1/TL_2$) of all the samples.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.746-753
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• 2017

In order to rapidly identify four drums species, Larimichthys polyactis, L. crocea, Atrobucca nibe, and Pseudotolithus elongates, a highly efficient and quick method has been developed using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with species-specific primers. Around 1.4 kbp of the mitochondrial COI gene sequences from the four drums species were aligned, and species-specific forward primers were designed, based on the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The optimal conditions for PCR amplification were selected through cross-reactivity, using a gradient PCR method. The PCR results demonstrated species-specific amplification for each species at annealing temperatures between 50 and $62^{\circ}C$. Multiplex species-specific PCR (MSS-PCR) amplification reactions with four pairs of primers were performed for sixteen specimens of each species. MSS-PCR lead to a species-specific amplification of a 1,540 bp fragment in L. polyactis, 1,013 bp in A. nibe, 474 bp in L. crocea, and 182 bp in P. elongates, respectively. The four different sizes of each PCR product can be quickly and easily detected by single gel electrophoresis. The sensitivity of the MSS-PCR of the DNA was up to $0.1ng/{\mu}l$ as a starting concentration for the four different species tested. These results suggest that MSS-PCR, with species-specific primers based on SNP, can be a powerful tool in the rapid identification of the four drums species, L. polyactis, L. crocea, A. nibe, and P. elongates.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.519-542
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• 2019

Twenty soybean cultivars developed recently were assessed using 27 insertion and deletion (InDel) markers derived from dense variation blocks (dVBs) of soybean genome. The objective of this study is to identify the distinctness and genetic relationships among a total of 169 soybean accessions including new cultivars. The genetic homology between 149 accessions in the soybean barcode system and 20 new cultivars was 61.3% on average with the range from 25.9% to 96.3%, demonstrating the versatile application of these markers for cultivars identification. The phylogenic analysis revealed four subgroups related to their usage. The 80% of cultivars for vegetable and early maturity and the 65.9% of cultivars for bean sprouts were clustered in subgroup I-2 and II-2, respectively, indicating of the limited gene pools of their crossing parents in breeding. On the other hands, the cultivars for soy sauce and tofu with considerable gene flow by genome reshuffling were distributed evenly to several subgroups, I-1 (44.4%), I-2 (26.4%) and II-2 (23.6%). We believe that the 27 InDel markers specific to dVBs can be used not only for cultivar identification and genetic diversity, but also in breeding purposes such as introduction of genetic resources and selection of breeding lines with target traits.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.210-211
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• 2006

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.557-565
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• 2017

For our survey of insecticidal resistance of Palm thrips (Thrips palmi Karny), we established the discriminating time (DT) and concentration (DC) of nine insecticides, and we conducted a bioassay about seven local populations via leaf-dipping methods. The discriminating times of the recommended concentration (RC) were 24 h at emamectin benzoate EC and spinetoram SC, 48 h at chlorfenapyr EC, 72 h at spinosad SC, cyantraniliprole EC, acetamiprid WP, dinotefuran WG, imidacloprid WP and thiacloprid SC after treatment. The DC estimated the concentration which showed the difference within the mortalities of these local populations. The DCs were emamectin benzoate EC $0.013mg\;L^{-1}$ (RC, $10.8mg\;L^{-1}$), spinetoram SC $0.125mg\;L^{-1}$ (RC, $25.0mg\;L^{-1}$), chlorfenapyr EC $0.25mg\;L^{-1}$ (RC, $50.0mg\;L^{-1}$), spinosad SC $0.083mg\;L^{-1}$ (RC, $50.0mg\;L^{-1}$) and cyantraniliprole EC $5.0mg\;L^{-1}$ (RC, $50.0mg\;L^{-1}$), and DCs of neonicotinoids were their RCs, that is, acetamiprid WP (RC, $40.0mg\;L^{-1}$), dinotefuran WG (RC, $20.0mg\;L^{-1}$), imidacloprid WP(RC, $50.0mg\;L^{-1}$) and thiacloprid SC (RC, $50.0mg\;L^{-1}$). From our investigation into the resistance of the local populations with DT and DC application, the neonicotinoid insecticides have shown a high resistant level for all the local populations, and the other insecticides have demonstrated low or non-resistance. In the use of neonicotinoid insecticides to control Palm thrips, one must take caution. As a result, the establishment of DT and DC in the single dose bioassay method was helpful for surveying the insecticide response dynamics and the development of an insecticide resistance management strategy.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.594-598
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• 2009

Fifty-four sesame oils were assayed for authenticity by measurement of linolenic acid content (which is less than 0.5% by weight in genuine oil). Sesame oils (A-F) from major companies and oils (G-J) extracted from sesame seeds in our laboratory were used as standards for comparison. By fatty acid composition analysis, 33 of 54 samples showed levels of linolenic acid more than 0.5% by weight. In addition, the ratio of linoleic acid to oleic acid (C18:2/C18:1) in samples A-F ranged from 1.05 to 1.12, whereas the 54 collected samples showed a wide range of ratios, from 0.92 to 2.21.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.561-566
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• 2020

Nowadays, with increase of seafood consumption, there have been increasing reports of defective seafood products. There have been incidents of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) being sold as red seabream (Pagrus major). In this study, we sought to develop and validate species-specific PCRs to differentiate between P. major and S. ocellatus to prevent the sale of S. ocellatus as P. major. Primers for P. major were designed to bind 12s rRNA and those for S. ocellatus were designed to bind 16s rRNA. Multiplex PCR showed a 468 bp amplicon for P. major and a 181 bp amplicon for S. ocellatus. The limit of detection of P. major and S. ocellatus was present at 1 ng each. The developed primers were validated with 19 P. major samples of food items purchased through the internet. Using this monitoring method, the experimental results and tested species were in agreement. Hence, the developed multiplex PCR method is considered reliable to authenticate P. major and S. ocellatus.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 2003

보안 제품의 개발이 많아지면서 각 제품에 대한 통합의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 예를 들어, 침입탐지 시스템에서 침입을 시도하는 노드를 판별한 경우, 실제 그 노드로부터의 접속을 차단할 수 있는 기능을 방화벽 시스템에서 제공하고 있기 때문에, 방화벽 시스템으로 접속 차단 명령을 보낼 수 있는 기능이 제공된다면 보다 자연스럽게 통합 관리가 이루어 질 수 있을 것이다. 그러나, 현재 보안 시장은 많은 종류의 보안 제품이 존재하기 때문에 이러한 통합이 쉽게 이루어지지는 않고 있다. 정보보호에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 많은 기업이 각종 보안시스템을 도입하고 있지만, 각 보안 시스템의 개별 관리에 중점을 두고 있어 이기종 보안 시스템간의 연동에 기반한 통합 관리 차원의 필요성이 증가된다. 따라서, 국내외의 많은 보안 업체들이 이기종 보안 제품의 연동을 위한 방안들을 제시하고 있으며, IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)를 중심으로 표준화 작업이 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내외 각 보안 업체 혹은 보안 업체간 컨소시엄 형태로 제안된 이기종 보안 솔루션 연동 방식 및 공개 API(Application Programming Interface) 형식들을 분석하고, 표준화 동향에 대해 살펴본다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.174-177
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• 2004

본 연구는 재래흑돼지와 일반 개량종 돼지 삼겹의 관능적 특성을 비교, 분석하여 재래흑돼지에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자 실시하였다. 일반 조명 아래에서 가열육의 관능검사를 실시했을 경우 맛, 풍미, 조직감, 다즙성, 종합적 기호도 모두 일반 개량종 돼지 삼겹에서 가장 높게 나타났으나 붉은 조명 아래에서 생시체중이 75 kg인 재래흑돼지 삼겹에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 하지만 조명에 관계없이 생시체중이 56 kg인 재래흑돼지 삼겹에서는 가장 낮게 나타났다. 그리고 일반 조명 아래 신선육의 육안판별을 실시했을 경우 육색, 지방색, 마블링, 종합적 기호도 모두 일반 개량종 돼지 삼겹에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 생시체중이 56 kg인 재래흑돼지 삼겹에서는 가장 낮게 나타났다. 이 결과를 통해 지방 유무를 판단하기 어려운 붉은 조명에서 재래흑돼지육의 관능점수가 높았기 때문에 결론적으로 지방에 대한 소비자들의 편견이 있음을 알 수 있다.