• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.411-420
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• 2003

To examine the seed morphology in Korean Orobanchaceae, seeds of 5 species including 1 variety in five genera and one related taxon, Boschniakia himalaica Hook. f. & Thomson in Hook. f. from the Himalaya (7 taxa in total) were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Two different seed types are recognized depending on three characters (e.g, .the seed size, seed coat structure and seed number per fruit). - Type I: size less than 1mm, seed coat structure reticulate and seed number per fruit more than ca. 1,000; Type II: size more than 1 mm, exotesta irregularly crested and seed number per fruit less than 1,000 (Lathraea japonicu Miq.). In Type I, three subtypes of exotesta internal surface pattern can also be classified; (1) Subtype Ia: reticulate - include irregularly striate (Ia') and deeply reticulate (Ia"), (2) Subtype Ib: foveolate, (3) Subtype Ic: smooth. Systematics application of the seed morphological data for the Korean Orobanchaceae is also briefly discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.189-197
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• 2003

Properties of seed production in Corydalis, spring ephemeral, group were studied during two years at Namhansansung area. Corydalis´ flower was out in the early April and its seed dispersed in the early May. The period of total seed production was 30 days. The decrease rate of sex organs was the highest between deflowering time and early fruiting time. The numbers of flower and seed per plant were in the range of 1∼13 and 0∼76, respectively. And the number of seed per fruit was from zero to twenty. In a plant, seed production was the most (11.8 seeds) in the lowest fruit and conspicuously decreased along the upward fruit. In the same plant, seed production was various by each year. The plants of small tuber size produced more seeds and those of large tuber size produced fewer seeds in the next year than this year. In the early growth season, the flowering plants/total plants rate increased in proportion to plant size (tuber volume), the rate of the smallest size class (<100 ㎣) was in the range of 5.0%(1999)∼5.4%(2000), those over the 600 ㎣ size classes were 100%. The number of flower per plant at the same size class were higher in 2000 than in 1999. Especially, at the size class of 900 ㎣≤, the numbers of flower per plant were 13.2 in 2000 and 6.5 in 1999. In the late growth season, the flowering plants/total plants rates were 13.3%in the smallest size class (<100 ㎣)and 100% over the 500 ㎣ size classes. Therefore, the flowering plants/total plants rates along the size classes were higher in the late growth season than in the early one. The bumer of fruit or seed per plant increased in proportion to the volume and dry weight of tuber, there was not significant and varied along each plant in the same size class. The number of fruit or seed per plant conspicuously increased in proportion to the leaf area. Therefore, it was thought that seed production was related to photosynthetic ability during growth season.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.783-789
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• 1997

This study was conducted to identify leakage of fluorescent substances out of 56 crops and to develop sorting methods of nonviable seeds of Chinese cabbage. Fluorescent substances were detected from 36 species, Chinese cabbage, radish, broccoli, cauliflower, egg plant and rape seed etc. In Chinese cabbage, the germination rate of non-sorted seeds decreased rapidly with ageing of seeds at 45$^{\circ}C$ and 100％. After Chinese cabbage seeds soaked for 4hrs and coated with cellulose, the sorting ratio of non fluorescent seeds were decreased 91.3％ to 1.7％ by increasing ageing periods from control to 8 days, while fluorescent seeds were increased drastically from 8.7％ to 98.3％. Also, incubation of water soaked dead seeds of Chinese cabbage treated with 0.5-1.0％ ninhydrin and 0.01N sodium thiosulfate for 30~60 minutes at 35$^{\circ}C$ developed purple color.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2017

Germination characteristics, seedling emergence, and early seedling growth of iron-coated rice seeds, cultivars Daebo and Samdeokbyeo, under different water depths were compared with those of non-coated seeds (control) and the results evaluated to obtain basic information for establishing stable seedlings in direct water seeding. The total germination percentage of the two seed treatments was similar, but iron-coated seeds had slightly faster germination and shorter mean germination time than non-coated seeds. Water absorption rates of iron-coated seeds were lower than that of non-coated seeds during seed germination. The germination percentage of the two iron-coated rice seed cultivars showed a significant decline of 15-22% after one year of storage under natural conditions. The seedling emergence percentage and uniformity of the two rice cultivars were significantly higher in the iron-coated seeds at 1-13 cm water depths but the percentage of floating seedlings was lower in iron-coated seeds than in non-coated seeds. The iron-coated seeds had a high seedling emergence percentage of 91.3-93.3% at all flooding depths whereas the non-coated seeds had a significantly low seedling emergence percentage of 57.7-71.7% at a water depth of 13 cm. Moreover, the shoot dry weight and seedling health score of iron-coated seeds were significantly higher than those of non-coated seeds, while root dry weights were similar in iron-coated and non-coated seeds, regardless of water depth. These results suggest that iron-coated seeds are more appropriate for stable seedling establishment in direct water seeding than are non-coated seeds.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.417-424
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• 1987

The seeds of three barley varieties of which initial seed vigor were different were used to measure seed vigor of accelerated aging techniques. A vigor index derived from the product of percent germination and plumule length was used to estimate seed vigor. The index was compared with the results of other tests. The results of warm germination test well suited to the measurements of seed vigor at the advanced stages of seed deterioration. Other vigor measurements except ATP and GADA values, showed close relationships with the vigor index. The measurements of plumule length in cold test and tetrazolium test were found to be appropriate for predicting seed quality.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.79-82
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of seed disinfectant on leaf blight and smut in adlay. Leaf blight and smut disease in adlay are known to be seed borne. Bjpolan's cojds, pathogen causing leaf blight in adlay, was detected from 32. 7 to 45. 7 % on seeds collected from adlay cultivated farms in Yonchon province. Periods of seed infestation are $0{\sim}7$ days on the variety 'yulmu 1' and $0{\sim}20$ days on 'Yonchon jaerae'. Distribution ratio of seed disinfestation periods was that no disinfestation, $1{\sim}5$days, $6{\sim}10$days and more 11days were 20%, 20%, 45% and 15%, respectively. Frudioxonil W. S. treatment was effective on inhibition of leaf blight and smut disease when treated with infested seeds ; that is, disease control values of the fungicide are 97 and 93.4 percentage, repectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.21 no.1 s.50
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• pp.23-26
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• 1982

The present study was carried out to investigate the change of peroxidase activity of soybean seed infected with Cerrospora kikurhii. The protein content, polyphenol oxidase activity and peroxidase isozyme pattern in health and infected soybean seed were also compared. 1. The peroxidase activity was substantially higher in the infected soybean seeds than that in the healthy seeds either cracked or not. No significant differences in protein content were recognized among the seeds tested. 2. No significant differences in peroxidase activities and protein contents were notified between healthy and infected seeds from the measurements on each parts of dissected seeds, cotyledon and seedcoat, however the peroxidase activity in the seed coat of the stained seed was 2.5 times to healthy seed. 3. The activities of polyphenel oxidase were undectable in both healthy and diseased seeds. 4. The electrophoretic Patterns of the Peroridase isozyme were the same between healthy and in footed seed. 5. Therefore, the increase of peroxidase activity in infected soybean seedcoat was mainly due to the biochemical reaction against the pathogen.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.314-321
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• 1995

Experiments were conducted to obtain information on separation of nonviable seeds from seed lots of rape, Chinese cabbage and radish, by nondestrutive ways. Seeds were artificially aged at 90% relative humidity(RH) and 45$^{\circ}C$ to get different seed qualities. Large amounts of amino acids, proteins and sinapine were leaked from the dead seeds into water in the course of 4~8 hours soaking, while high quality seeds did not leak in all crops. Percentage of normal seedlings from nonfluorescent cellulose coated seeds of rape, Chinese cabbage and radish under ultraviolet light was 96, 96 and 74%, while that of fluorescent seeds was 8, 9 and 1%, respectively. Cellulose coating and storage of Chinese cabbage and rape seeds at 60 and 75% RH for 3 months and 90% RH for 2 months did not deteriorate seed quality. But percentage of normal seedlings from nonfluorescent radish seeds stored at 60, 75 and 90% RHs for 3 months was 63, 64 and 2%, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.101-105
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• 1998

This study was carried out to find out the method of increasing seed germination rate of Dendropanax morbifera LEV. was drupaceous fruit. The length and width of ovarywas 7.8 to 10.7mm, 6.9 to 9.0mm, respectively, and the shape was elliptical. The ovary had 5 loculi with one speed per loculus , but one seed among 5 weeds was exalbuminous seed. The length and width of seed was 6.3 to 7.4mm, 2.0 to2.mm, respectively, and 1,000 seed weight was 14.3 to 18.0g. Seeding after stroring at $10^{\circ}C$ for 60 to 90 days was germinated to 87% . However, fall seeding directly after harvest was increased to 85% at hot-water treatement ($40^{\circ}C$) for 90 to 120 minute.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.20
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• pp.100-106
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• 1975

Germinating ability of green seed in maturing period was investigated to develop the technics on generation shortening. Rapeseed did not germinate until 40 days after flowering (=DAF) in green seed and 50 DAF in dried seed. Effective germination to be utilized for generation shortening came on 55 DAF for dried seed by heating and on 75 DAF for green seed. The periodic time of seed dormancy in maturing period had two cycles and rest period was considered that it was different according to the ecological types of early, middle and late maturity.