• Title/Summary/Keyword: 종의 상관

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The influence of chemical water quality on fish trophic guilds, pollution tolerance, and multi-metric ecological health in the main streams of Mangyeong River (만경강 본류의 어류 트로픽 길드, 오염 내성도 및 다변수 생태건강도에 대한 화학적 수질영향)

  • Na, Hyun-Hee;Lee, Sang-Jae;An, Kwang-Guk
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.8-18
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    • 2019
  • The objectives of this study were to analyze the influence of chemical water quality on fish guilds, pollution tolerance and the multi-metric ecological health, based on the Fish Assessment Index (FAI) in the main stream of Mangyeong River between 2009-2016. The quality of water with specific conductivity, TP, and $NH_4-N$ got worse dramatically in the down region. During the study, a total of 50 species were collected and the most dominant species was Zacco platypus. Also known as tolerant species, accounted 22.9% of the total abundances, thus indicating a trophic degradation. The downstream region (S5) had the highest number of fish external abnormalities, indicating a degradation of ecological health, based on the fish assemblages. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that relative abundance of tolerant fish species and omnivore fish species had a significant positive correlation(r>0.30, p<0.05) with values of BOD, conductivity and $NH_4-N$. Whereas, the relative abundance of the sensitive species and insectivore species had a significant negative relations (r<-0.30, p<0.001) with the parameters. The mean obtained from the multi-metric fish model, based on the FAI of all sites was 47 (n=40). This indicated a "fair condition" in the ecological health, and the downstream regions (S3-S5) were judged as "bad condition", indicating an influence of the chemical degradation on the ecological health.

Classification of Garlic Germplasms Based on Agronomic Characteristics and Multivariative Analysis (마늘 유전자원의 작물학적 특성과 다변량 분석에 의한 품종군 분류)

  • Lee, Jae Sun;Park, Young Uk;Jeong, Jae Hyun;Kwon, Young Hee;Chang, Who Bong;Lee, Hee Du
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.79-88
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    • 2021
  • This research was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity and select useful accession with agronomic characteristics of garlic (Allium sativum L.). germplasms at Garlic Research Institute in Chungbuk Agricultural Research and Extension Service. Morphological diversity and relationships among 160 germplasms collected from 26 countries were assessed by methods of clustering and principal component analysis. Among 11 types of leaves and bulbs characteristics, emergence days of leaf showed the highest variation with coefficient of variation of 84.8%, and the bulb weight and the number of scales showed higher variability with 24.3%. Correlation analysis based on 11 quantitative traits showed that bulb weight and bulb length have very high positive correlation with bulb quantity. Plant height, leaf length, and number of leaves showed positive correlation with bulb weight as collections with better performance in growth produced large bulb with higher quality. The cluster analysis based on 5 principal components generated 6 clusters with an average distance of 1.6 among clusters. Domestic genetic resources were the largest with 36 species (22.5%) in group II.

Evaluation of the Air Temperature and Wind Observation Environments Around Automated Synoptic Observing Systems in Summer Using a CFD Model (전산유체역학 모델을 활용한 여름철 종관기상관측소의 기온과 바람 관측 환경 평가)

  • Kang, Jung-Eun;Rho, Ju-Hwan;Kim, Jae-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.38 no.5_1
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    • pp.471-484
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    • 2022
  • This study examined the effects of topography and buildings around the automated synoptic observing system (ASOS) on the observation environment of air temperatures and wind speeds and directions using a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) model. For this, we selected 10 ASOSs operated by the Korea Meteorological Administration. Based on the data observed at the ASOSs in August during the recent ten years, we established the initial and boundary conditions of the CFD model. We analyzed the temperature observation environment by comparing the temperature change ratios in the case considering the actual land-cover types with those assuming all land-cover types as grassland. The land-cover types around the ASOSs significantly affected the air temperature observation environment. The temperature change ratios were large at the ASOSs around which buildings and roads were dense. On the other hand, when all land covers were assumed as grassland, the temperature change ratios were small. Wind speeds and directions at the ASOSs were also significantly influenced by topography and buildings when their heights were higher or similar to the observation heights. Obstacles even located at a long distance affected the wind observation environments. The results in this study would be utilized for evaluating ASOS observation environments in the relocating or newly organizing steps.

Changes of Seed Chemical Component during Grain Filling in Job′s Tears (율무의 등숙에 따른 종실 성분함량 변화)

  • Kim, Yul-Ho;Lee, Bong-Ho;Lee, Jung-Il;Hur, Han-Sun;Lee, Sang-Chul;Kim, Bong-Yoen
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.92-97
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    • 1994
  • The reports on the chemical composition of developing job's tears seeds is very insufficient by this time. The purpose of this study was to obtain the fundamental information on chemical component of the developing job's tears seed, including starch, sugar, oil, protein, fatty acid, Alkali Digestibility Value(ADV), 100-grain weight. Two job's tears varieties in different by maturity types were analyzed for those components from 10 days after heading to maturity, with 5-day intervals. Total sugar content in seeds followed a pattern of linear increase after heading, but it started to decreased around 15 days after heading. On the other hand, starch content continued to increased until maturity and the highest increasing occurred between 15 and 20 days after heading. The protein content of seeds was decreased, while oil content was increased through the ripening process. Starch content showed a positive correlation with 100-grain weight, ADV, oil and germination percent, but it had negative correlation between total sugar and protein contents in ripening process. Maximum starch content, 100 grain weight, and germination percent obtained by quadratic equation were attained 38 to 43 days after heading. So that the physiological maturity of job's tears seeds was considered to be 40 days after heading.

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Variation of Protein Content and Amino Acid Composition in Perilla Germplasm (들깨 유전자원의 단백질함량과 아미노산조성)

  • Lee, Jung-Il;Bang, Jin-Ki;Lee, Bong-Ho;Kim, Kwnag-Ho
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.35 no.5
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    • pp.449-463
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    • 1990
  • To obtain the basic informations on quality improvement, seed protein and amino acid composition were analyzed in 460 strains of perilla germplasm. Among the tested strains, total protein content ranged from 17.9% to 28.1 % with the 23.6% of varietal means. Form the experiment, Namji, Sandong, and Eunjin were selected as high protein strains of which content was as high as 28.1%. In protein content, collected strains from Jeonnam province showed highest, and was not significantly different by maturity, but this characteristics showed differences by seed coat color and 1,000 seed weight. The significantly negative correlation was observed between protein content and seed setting ratio. However it was observed that significant and high positive correlation between protein and oil content. A calibration for an Infra-Alyzer 450 using log reflectance readings at 2208, 1982, 1940 and 1722nm could be used without adjustment for the measurment of the protein content in perilla with a standard deviation of differences against micro-kjeldahl of 0.27%. The amino acid composition of perilla was similar to the other oilseed crops, and showed a relatively high lysine and methionine content. Further, amino acid composition of perilla seed was exellently characterized with bal ance and higher than FAO recommendation. Major amino acids were indentified as a glutamic acid and arginine in perilla seed protein.

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Starch Content and Its Associated Grain Characters in Naked Barley (쌀보리 품종의 전분함량 및 종실관련형질)

  • Park, Moon-Woong;Chae, Je-Cheon;Kim, Jung-Gon;Lee, Choon-Ki
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.55-62
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    • 1994
  • The germplasms of naked barley evaluated for starch content were 137 crossing blacks and progeny lines obtained from the breeding program of the Wheat and Barley Research Institute, 540 Tabdong Kwonsungu Suwon, in the 1988/1989 season. Starch content was distributed between 49.15 and 62.50% with a mean of 57.20%. It was high in the bred lines and the Uz type lines than the imported, uz type or lax type ones. The range observed for seed coat weight was 1.12-3.02mg and the mean seed coat weight was 1.88mg. The seed coat weight ratio to kernel weight was measured between 4.0 and 8.7% with a mean of 6.5%. The varieties differ greatly in the characteristics depending on the plant type and origin of germplasms. The variation observed with protein content ranged from 9.60 to. 15.90% while the average was 12.86%. Starch content was negative relationships with kernel weight, seed coat weight, seed coat weight ratio., kernel width, kernel thickness and protein content, and starch content was higher in smaller kernels within a variety. The weight and weight ratio. of seed coat were positively correlated with the width, thick-ness of kernels, whilst they were negatively correlated with starch content. The heritability of starch content was 30.0%.

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Water Absorption and Alkali Digestibility by Seed Size in Local Black Soybean Collections (종실크기에 따른 수집 검정콩 수분흡수 및 알칼리 붕괴도)

  • Kim, Su-Kyeong;Kim, Dae-Ho;Son, Beom-Young;Kang, Dong-Ju;Han, Kyung-Soo
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.452-458
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    • 1997
  • Seed characteristics such as seed size, seed shape and cotyledon color are important in relation to processing and cooking of soybean. Seed shape, water absorption rate, and alkali digestibility were evaluated for 28 local black soybean collections. Water uptake rate was low in small seed size at low temperature(5, 2$0^{\circ}C$). However, higher water absorption rate was observed at high temperature(40, 6$0^{\circ}C$) regardless of seed size. When seeds soaked up water, it reached to water absorption equilibrium after 10 hrs below 2$0^{\circ}C$, within 10 hrs at 4$0^{\circ}C$, and around 4 hrs at 6$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed between 100 seed weight and length, width and thickness of seed, respectively. Alkali digestibility value(ADV) was higher in large seed group than in small seed group. Among seed characteristics, significant positive correlation was shown between ADV and 100 seed weight, length, width, thickness and hilum length of seed, respectively. Soybean seed with green cotyledon showed higher ADV than that with yellow cotyledon.

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Characteristics of Plants Distribution by Vegetation Community at Janghang Wetland in Han-river Esturary, Korea (한강 하구 장항습지의 식생군락별 식물 분포 특성)

  • Mi-yeo Na;Choong-hyeon Oh
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.59-69
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    • 2023
  • This study was carried for the purpose of using basic data for vegetation management plans by analyzing the current status of herbaceous community and Salix spp. community at Janghang Wetland in Han-river estuary. In order to investigate the vegetation status, the 50 plots were investigated and analyzed using the quadrat and Braun-Branquet method. In the herbaceous community, were found a total of 31 taxa of 11 families, 24 genera, 28 species, and 3 variants. A total of 42 taxa of 16 families, 33 genera, 39 species and 3 variants were appeared in the Salix subfragilis community, and a total of 46 taxa with classification of 19 families, 37 genera, 43 species, and 3 varieties were founded in the Salix koreensis community. As for the analysis of life-form and dominance, the hydatophytes was relatively high in the Salix subfragilis community, the hemicryptothytes was high in herbaceous community and therophytes was high in Salix koreensis community. As a result of correlation analysis of electrical conductivity(EC) and exchangeable sodium(Na+) in the soil, hydatophytes and hemicryptothytes showed a negative correlation, and therophytes showed a positive correlation. Therefore, it was analyzed that Salix koreensis and therophytes have a high rate of appearance in relatively dry and salty soil. Salix subfragilis, hydatophytes, and hemicryptothytes have a high rate of appearance in low salt concentrations and wet areas.

Vegetation Structure of Urban Forests on Mt. Goehwa, Sejong-Si (세종시 괴화산 도시숲의 식생구조)

  • Hyeon-Hwa Kim;Jeong-Eun Lee;Sung-Yeon Lee;Da-Eun Park;Chung-Weon Yun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.113 no.1
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    • pp.51-65
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    • 2024
  • Phyto-sociological methods were used in this study to assess the vegetation structure of a forest stand at Mt. Goehwa in Sejong-Si with the aim of providing vegetation information for urban forest utilization and management plans. The actual forest vegetation was classified into two types of community groups (Quercus serrata-Lindera obtusiloba and Coreopsis lanceolata community groups) at the highest hierarchical level. The Q. serrata-L. obtusiloba community group was classified into six units, which included artificial forest and natural forest vegetation. Artificial forests were classified into three communities (Pinus rigida, Castanea crenata, and Robinia pseudoacacia), whereas natural forests were classified into three communities (Quercus variabilis, Quercus acutissimaa, and Pinus densiflora). The Coreopsis lanceolata community group, which exhibited vegetative characteristics of urban forest edge areas, was categorized into four units. The urban forest edges were classified into four communities (Indigofera bungeana, Lespedeza bicolor, Amorpha fruticosa, and Lespedeza cuneata). Accordingly, the vegetation structure of Mt. Goehwa was categorized into 10 vegetation unit systems. An importance value analysis showed the highest importance value for C. crenata at 6.7%, followed by P. rigida at 6.4%, and R. pseudoacacia at 6.3%, indicating that the ecological impact of plantation species can be significant on Mt. Goehwa. A community coefficient of similarity analysis revealed that the artificial and natural forests had similar species compositions; however, both forests differed from the urban forest edge. This variation was further confirmed by Detrended correspondence analysis(DCA), with similar results. Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) showed that the artificial forest and natural forest community types were positively correlated with altitude, bare rock, and the present species. By contrast, the urban forest edge community types were negatively correlated with these factors.

Studies on the soybean varieties in Korea. -IV relationships between the seed yields and some characteristics on the several sowing dates- (대두의 품종에 관한 연구 -제4보 파종기별 수량과 제특성과의 관계-)

  • Kwon-Yawl Chang
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.2
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    • pp.30-37
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    • 1964
  • Experiments were carried out to clarify the relationships between seed yields and some ecological characteristics, seed yields and some morphological characteristics, and the relationships among the varietal yields on the several sowing plots when grown under different climatic conditions. Twenty-four soybean varieties were used as the material, selected at random from 138 varieties which were cultivated the year before. These varieties were grown in the Experimental Farm, Chinju Agricultural College, Kyung Sang Namdo, Korea, and seed sowing was conducted at 5 times, from April to July, in 1962 and 1963. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Correlations between seed yields and some ecological characteristics on the sowing date bases are shown in Table 1. Among some ecological characteristics, it was observed that there wert close relationships between seed yields and days to flowering, and between seed yields and the total growing length, except on the late sowing, i.e. July sowing plots, However, there was no clear correlation between seed yields and durations of flowering, and between seed yields and days from flowering to maturity. 2. Correlations between seed yields and some morphological characteristics on the sowing date bases are shown in Table 2. From this table, it was also observed that there were some close relationships between seed yields and branch number for plant, stem diameter, plant weight, pod number per plant, and grain number per plant, but there was no clear relationship between seed yields and stem length, and between seed yields and 100 grain weight, on every sowing plot. 3. Relations between varietal yields and the sowing dates are shown in Table 3. Our leading varieties such as Ulsan, Sangdoo, Changdan Backmok, Iksan, Haman, Barchongdeo, and Anion Daerip, which belong to the maturity groups of IV, V, and VI, have been significantly high in yield at each sowing date plot, but the extreme early varieties, that frequently are damaged by insects, moisture and diseases, and the extreme late varieties, that frequently are caught by frost suffering reduced yield, are showed a lower yield than the others. However, extreme early varieties, for instance, Black Hawk, an American variety, and Chung Buk Baek, a Korean early variety, showed high productivity on the late sowing, June and July sowing plots, and Do san No. 6, which is late Japanese variety, showed a high yield on the extreme early sowing, i.e. April sowing plots. 4. Relations between seed yields and the sowing dates on the varietal bases are shown in Table 4. It was observed that, the early varieties did not differ much in yields at the various sowing dates while the yields of late varieties decreased progressively with subsequent dates. However, the extreme late varieties, such as Tamanishiki, that frequently are caught by frost suffering reduced yield, may be difficult to harvest at this location. The results in these experiments showed that in most cases maximum yields were obtained when leading varieties, which are medium or late varieties, were shown in Mid-May, and progressively lower yields were produced from June and July sowings. On the other hand, the late sowings of the early varieties, such as Black Hawk and Chung Buk Baek, in these experiments showed favorable yields compared with the others. From these results, we can predict that our local medium or late varieties produce higher yields at this location than was produced by early varieties in most of the sowing dates, especially the May sowing, and early varieties such as Black Hawk and Chung Buk Baek should be used in the late sowing, June sowing time.

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