• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2000

Seasonal variation in species composition and abundance of shallow water fish off Yongwon, Jinhae in the southern coast of Korea was determined by the analysis of monthly samples collected by a beach seine from January to December, 1998. Among 54 species identified, the resident species such as Favonigobius gymnauchen, Chaenogobius laevis, Pholis nebulosa and juvenile Hyporhamphus intermedius were predominated in abundance. The temporal species such as Sardinella zunasi, Leiognathus nuchalis and Takifugu niphobles were collected between April and September. Mean abundance (322 individuals/1000 $m^2$ or 806 g/1000 $m^2$) was higher than that in the shallow sand surf zone of Teachon, but lower than that in the shallow mud area of Chonsu Bay in the western coast of Korea. A large number of H. intermedius were collected in cold months between November and January. The dominant resident species began to be collected from february, and the number of species and biomass were increased until July. A small number of temporal species were collected and subsequently the abundance was low from August to October when high abundance was expected as in the other shallow waters by recruitment of a large number of juveniles of temporal species. The low abundance in these warm months seemed to be related to the water quality by weak water circulation in this shallow mud area.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2004

This study was carried out to grade and evaluate the intertidal mudflat by birds. The mudflat was graded by two methods such as the scoring and ranking. First, for the scoring of the mudflat, five factors were estimated; population size, the number of protected species, the individuals of protected birds, the number of species(or subspecies) over 1% level of the survival population, and 1% level of the domestic population. After scoring of these five factors, the grade was scored by total. Second, for the ranking, six factors were estimated; population size, the density of birds, the index of species diversity, species richness, species evenness, and population stability. After ranking of these six factors, the grade was relatively ranked. Five grade by scoring was the important mudflat for the value of international preservation, and the most mudflats of the estuary gained V grade. The higher grades by ranking were the mudflats of Nakdonggang and Mankyunggang river estuaries. And the inner mudflats were more valuable than the outer mudflats in Mankyunggang & Dongjingang river estuaries. The grading of the mudflat by birds can be used for estimating and appointing of the important mudflats, and suggested the objective of criteria for the effective preservation and management.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate changes of vegetation and soil characteristics to tidal land of Saemangeum reclaimed land from 2010 to 2012. Soil salinity was 0.16-22.3 dS $m^{-1}$ in the first survey, while the three years later, it was decreased to 0.12-4.22 dS $m^{-1}$. Vegetations were classified as 6 families and 26 species but it was increased to 8 families and 31 species after three years. Numbers of average species in survey site were increased from 7.1 species to 10.6 species. Numbers of vegetation were increased at each survey sites except for survey site 7 : there was decreased halophyte according to decrease in the soil salinity. Biomass production was increased at low production site, and showed highest production in area of dominant vegetation as Phragmites communis. Simpson's dominance ratio(SDR) of main vegetation as Phragmites communis, Calamagrostis epigeios were increased but Suaeda maritima, Salicornia europaea, Puccinellia nipponica and Zoysia sinica were decreased.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.400-409
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine annual changes of coastal fisheries production in the shore of Jeonbuk Province in Korea. The catch data of an experimental vessel that used dredge nets were used to study fish species and catch per unit of fishing effort carried out from April 2002 to November 2004. The total number of fish species caught in 2002 was 23, and 15 in 2004. Total number of individuals were 6,008 and their total weight was 376.38 kg in 2002. In 2004, total number of fishes was 2,469, and their weight was 211.99 kg. The annual changes in fisheries production in the western coast of Korea were also analyzed from 1990 to 2007. The total near shore fisheries products in Korea has been relatively stable around 1,4000,000 metric tons to 1,8000,000 tons during this period. Similarly the Chungnam Province's annual fish catch had steadily risen from about 51,187 tons in 1990 to 85,637 tons in 2007. However, Jeonbuk Province's annual fish catch declined dramatically at around 133, 000 tons in 1990 to 45,000 tons in 2007. In summery, while the overall Korea's fisheries production has been stable over the past decade, that of Jeonbuk Province suffered drastic decline in the period. This decline was reflected in the decreased number of fish species, total individuals, and total catch in surverys performed with an experimental vessel.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.220-232
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• 2016

A survey of ectomycorrhizal fungi was performed during 2009-2011 and 2015 in Byeonsanbando National Park. A total of 3,624 individuals were collected, which belonged one division, 1 class, 5 orders, 13 families, 33 genera, 131 species. The majority of the fruiting bodies belonged to orders Agaricales, Russulales, and Boletales, whereas a minority belonged to orders Cantharellales and Thelephorale. In Agaricales, there were 6 families, 9 genera, 49 species, and 1,343 individuals; in Russulales, 1 family, 2 genera, 35 species, and 854 individuals; in Boletales, 4 families, 19 genera, 40 species, and 805 individuals; in Cantharellales, 1 family, 2 genera, 5 species, and 609 individuals; and in Thelephorale, 1 family, 1 genus, 2 species, and 13 individuals. The most frequently observed families were Russulaceae (854 individuals representing 35 species), Boletaceae (652 individuals representing 34 species), and Amanitaceae (754 individuals representing 25 species). The greatest numbers of overall and dominant species and individual fruiting bodies were observed in July. Most species and individuals were observed at altitudes of 1~99 m, and population sizes dropped significantly at altitudes of 300 m and higher. Apparently, the highest diversity of species and individuals occurred at climatic conditions with a mean temperature of $23.0{\sim}25.9^{\circ}C$, maximum temperature of $28.0{\sim}29.9^{\circ}C$, minimum temperature of $21.0{\sim}22.9^{\circ}C$, relative humidity of 77.0~79.9%, and rainfall of 300 mm or more.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.410-420
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• 2015

In order to estimate the influence of environmental factors on zooplankton communities in lentic freshwater ecosystems, 20 reservoirs and wetlands were monitored by season in 2013. A total of 109 species of zooplankton were identified during the study period. Zooplankton assemblage showed a different distribution in its density and diversity in accordance with the seasons. In particular, the density of zooplankton (98 species and 603ind. L-1) was the most in autumn when compared to the other seasons. In order to effectively analyze zooplankton distribution that are affected by various environmental factors, a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) was used, which extracts information through competitive and adaptive properties. A total of 11 variables (8 environment factors and 3 groups of zooplankton) were patterned on to the SOM. Based on a U-matrix, four clusters were identified from the model. Among zooplankton communities, rotifer displayed a positive relationship with water temperature, and cladocerans and copepod were positively related to conductivity, chlorophyll a, and nutrient factor (i. e. TN and TP). In contrast, high dissolved oxygen appeared to have a negative effect on zooplankton distribution. Consequently, the SOM results depicted a clear pattern of zooplankton density clusters partitioned by environmental factors, which play a key role in determining the seasonal distribution of zooplankton groups in lentic freshwater ecosystem.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.178-185
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to verify the effectiveness of the biotope model in applying and developing Korean urban forests. We found that there are 17 biotope assessment indicators, including forest layer structure, site conditions, ratio of broad-leaved trees, species richness, etc. In terms of correlation analysis between indicators, the stand ages and the period of space formation have the highest relativity(coefficient 0.684). On the other hand, indicators that have negative relativity are layer structure and risk, with a coefficient of -0.412. Ten models were developed for the multiple regression analysis. 10 variables(site conditions(X2), ratio of broad-leaved trees(X3) and so forth except layer structure(X1), species richness(X4)) were found to have a 95% significance level The results from comparing the regression model and adding-up estimation matrix, the most accurate one was Model 3, which has a 91.7% out of the 10 models. However more monitoring will be needed to improve the accuracy of models for the Korean urban forests in future.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2016

The study was conducted to get a information on the dominance and distribution of weeds occurred in major orchards including apple, grape, peach, pear, and plum at 631 sites of Gyeongsangbuk-do during winter and summer season. The weeds classified by family and life cycle occurred in the five orchards were summarized as 36 family and 105 species in apple orchard, 34 family and 126 species in grape orchard, 34 family 126 species in peach orchard, 33 family 98 species in pear orchards, and 36 family 111 species in plum orchard. In addition to life cycle of weeds, most orchards except for pear orchard were dominant to biennial weeds. The most dominant importance value was observed in pear orchards as 6.57%. In winter's season, the weeds were summarized as 31 family and 89 species in apple orchard, 28 family and 71 species in grape orchard, 32 family 111 species in peach orchard, 27 family 68 species in pear orchards, and 33 family 83 species in plum orchard. In summer's season, the weeds were distributed as 31 family and 101 species in apple orchard, 27 family and 69 species in grape orchard, 29 family 91 species in peach orchard, 31 family 94 species in pear orchard, and 31 family 97 species in plum orchard. In winter season, the most dominant weeds in apple, grape, peach, pear, and plum orchard were Capsella bursa-pastoris, Laria media, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsella bursa-pastoris, and Erigeron canadensis, in turn. In summer season, the most dominant weeds in apple, grape, peach, pear, and plum orchard were Acalypha australis, Acalypha australis, Setaria viridis, Setaria viridis, and Setaria viridis, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.225-237
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• 2001

The community structure of macrobenthos was investigated around Sorido Island, southern coast of Korea between August 1996 and April 1997. Triplicate macrobenthic samples were taken seasonally at twelve stations in August and November 1996 and fourteen stations in February and April 19n by van Veen grab ($0.1m^2$). A total of 217 macrobenthic species were identified during study Period: 80 species were from polychaetes, 60 species from crustaceans, and 46 species from mollusks. The mean density of macrobenthos estimated $1,068 ind/m^2$, and polychaetes comprised $85\%$ of total density. The mean biomass was $110.2 g/m^2$, and echinoderms contributed to more than a half of the biomass. Major dominant species based on abundance were three polychaetes Tharyx sp., Lumbrineris longifolia, and Magelona japonica, which frequently occur in the coastal area enriched by organic pollution. The densities of the species were $582 ind/m^2$, $72 ind/m^2$, and $41 ind/m^2$, respectively. These species showed very low density in the offshore area. The study area was classified into four regions each sustaining specific macrofaunal assemblages by Bray-Curtis cluster analysis: a station group adjacent to the Kwangyang Bay and Yosu harbour and three station groups around Sorido Island. There were negative correlations between the concentration of PAHs in sediments and the abundance of Ampeliscidae spp. and Amphipoda. These results were discussed in terms of both environmental factors and distribution of benthic community.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• 제90권5호
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• pp.632-642
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• 2001

Fauna, especially Carabidae (Coleoptera), on the floor of Pinus densiflora forests was investigated at five plantations and was compared with that in a mixed natural forest of pine and deciduous trees. There was little difference in the ground beetle fauna among the five P. densiflora plantations, and the bio-diversity of soil layer fauna was poor in all the pine plantations. Individual numbers of the beetles belonging to the genus Synuchus with increasing the infestation rate of the pine needle gall-midge (Thecodiplosis japonensis). These beetles seem to be important predators of the gall-midge. Comparing to the mixed forest, the number of higher taxa and the numbers of genera and species of Carabidae were all small in the pine forests. And especially, most flightless species were found only in the mixed forest. Thus, it is concluded that many species of Carabidae which had been lost from the lower mountainous areas of Korea have not recovered yet in the pine forests.