• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.189-200
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• 2021

To improve the water quality of agricultural reservoirs, constructed wetlands are applied in many places. These are technologies that establish ecosystems and important design factors include water depth distribution, inflow and outflow, water flow distribution, hydraulic residence time, water quality treatment efficiency, aspect ratio, and the distribution of open water and covered water surfaces. For high efficiency during the operation of a constructed wetland, the design needs to be optimized and this requires consideration of the different types and length of the intake dam as well as the type and connection of wetland cells. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate and suggest factors that needs to be considered during the design and for efficient operation measures through field surveys of 23 constructed wetlands that have been established and operated in agricultural reservoirs. Results of the field investigation shows that several sites were being operated improperly due to the malfunctioning or failure of the water level sensors, sedimentation in the intake dam, and clogging of the mechanical sluice frames. In addition, it was found that as the length of the inlet channel increases, the ecological disconnection between the intake dam upstream and the wetland outlet downstream also increases and was identified as a problem. Most of the wetlands are composed of 2 to 5 cells which can result to poor hydraulic efficiency and difficulty in management if they are too large. Moreover, it was found that the flow through a small wetland can be inadequate when there are too many cells due to excessive amounts of headloss.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 2018

Nutrients generated from various land uses lead to eutrophication during the influx of water, and it is necessary to apply the LID techniques to reduce nutrients from nonpoint sources in order to mitigate the occurrence of the algal bloom. This study was carried out to derive the design factors of hybrid artificial wetland (HCW) to increase the removal efficiency of nutrients. HCW system was constructed in the year 2010 for the treatment of rainfall runoffs from parking lots and roads composed of 100% impervious floors in the Cheonan campus of Kongju University. The average nutrients removal efficiency of TN and TP was 74% and 72%, respectively. Both TN and TP removal efficiencies were higher than those of free surface wetlands and subsurface flow wetlands due to activated physical and ecological mechanisms. The critical design parameters for the efficient nutrients removal in the artificial wetlands were the ratio of the surface area to the catchment area (SA/CA), land use, the rainfall runoff, and the rainfall intensity. The optimal carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio was estimated at 5: 1 to 10.3: 1. The results of this study can be applied to the efficient design of hybrid artificial wetlands to treat nutrients in urban runoff with high efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.221-222
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• 2016

습지는 생태자원의 보고로 다양한 생물종의 서식지를 제공하며, 습지 생태계는 어느 생태계보다 생산성이 높다. 습지는 잦은 수위변동으로 인해 습지의 식물은 수위의 영향을 많이 받는다. 따라서, 식물종의 특징과 최적의 생육환경과의 관계를 규명하기 위해 수위에 따른 식물의 서식환경을 분석해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 자연생태계가 잘 발달되어 있는 남한강의 비내섬 습지에 대해 유황분석을 하였고 유황에 따른 유량을 모의하였다. 모의된 유량과 HEC-RAS 모형을 이용하여 유황별 홍수위를 산정하였으며, RAS Mapper를 이용하여 침수심과 침수구역을 모의하였다. 이를 통해 침수심에 영향을 많이 받는 식물의 서식환경을 분석하였다. 버드나무군락은 침수가 발생하지 않는 지역 및 0~0.8m의 침수심, 물억새군락은 침수가 발생하지 않는 지역 및 0~0.4m의 침수심, 쑥-망초군락과 달뿌리풀군락은 0~0.4m의 침수심, 그리고 환삼덩굴군락은 0~0.8m의 침수심이 발생하는 지역에서 서식하는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 유황에 따른 침수심에 대한 식생서식환경을 분석한 것으로 식생을 고려한 인공습지 조성이나 하천설계에 있어 기초적인 자료가 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.218-218
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• 2020

우리나라의 하천은 홍수방어와 토지이용을 목적으로 제방을 설치하고 하도를 직강화화 시켰으며, 저수로와 홍수터를 분리하는 단면의 조성 그리고 하천의 홍수터를 농경지나 공원 및·주차장 등으로 활용하는 등 홍수터를 인위적으로 고착화시켜왔다. 더욱이, 상류의 댐 및 저수지에서 방류량을 조절함으로써 중소규모의 홍수가 줄어드는 등 하천 흐름의 변화를 나타내는 유황이 단순해져 하상변화가 감소되고 건조화됨으로 인하여, 식생침입 등에 따른 하천 수림화가 진행되고 이로 인하여 하천이 습지라고 볼 수 없는 육역화 현상이 심화되고 있는 현실이다. 따라서 자연과 인간이 공존하기 위한 올바른 하천환경 관리를 위하여 해당하천에 대한 육역화의 원인규명 및 대책수립이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 1986년에 신곡 수중보가 건설되었고 이로인하여 하류의 수리적 환경 등의 여건변화로 사주의 변화가 급격히 진행된 한강의 장항습지를 대상으로 하천 육역화 현황 분석 및 외국의 하천 육역화 복원사례를 통하여 장항습지에서의 복원방안을 제안하였다. 장항습지는 한강하구를 향하여 우안으로 가늘고 길게 형성된 사주로서, 본 연구에서는 종단길이 약 7.5km(신곡수중보~일산대교)를 대상으로 하였으며, 조사구간 내 사주의 폭은 최장 약 500m, 최단 약 60m 정도이다. 장항습지의 경년별 면적비교 결과, 장항습지는 1985년대비 현재 약 11.7배로 확대되었으며, 특히 2016년도에 급격히 증가된 것으로 분석되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.80-83
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• 2004

본 연구는 주원천유역의 수질개선을 위한 생태하천을 조성하기 위하여 하천수리, 수문 및 기타수질을 조사하였다. 또한 자연형 하천 공법에 의한 하천복원 및 비오톱 조성 사례를 조사하여 체계적으로 분석하고 국내하천에의 적용방안을 검토하여 주원천에 하천 습지 및 생물비오톱 등에 대한 계획을 검토하였다.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.62-74
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• 2015

Urban areas are variously under threat including deterioration of ecological functions. Many pond wetland types have been created as part of an effort to improve and restore this urban environment. This study was arranged to examine improvement plans of wetlands in urban areas by analyzing semi-natural wetlands in farm areas. As for environment for water quality, it suggested the inflow of natural water neighboring rivers or the direct inflow of rain as the improvement plans. The result which analyzed soil pH, OM, and T-N content of the soil environment mentioned that urban areas supplied artificial sluices, removed apoptotic bodies, and used artificial soil and waterproofing materials and use of natural materials in design and construction, the sluice state of the natural form, and negligence of autumn plants were suggested as the improvement plans. Florae appeared in the subject sites of the study have found that there are 35 families 69 species in urban areas and 53 families 142 species in rural areas. As the average has found that there are 18.5 families 29.3 species in 4 urban areas and 26.3 families 53.5 species in 4 rural areas, the big difference between them was analyzed. As the cause has found that there are differences in yearly plants in farming areas when compared to urban areas, creation of various basic environments including soil and water quality was suggested to make yearly plants settle down widely. Naturalized plants have found that there are no big differences between urban areas and rural areas. However, the average of the naturalized ratio in urban areas is 17.4% as the naturalized plants are about 1/4 of the appeared plants. As it was analyzed to be higher than 7.7%, the average of the naturalized ratio in farming areas as the big difference, creation of various inhabiting environments was suggested to make more yearly plants appear like the analyzed result of the life type. Consideration of placement, materials, and inhabiting environments was suggested to make creation of wetlands well appreciated to improve functions of wetlands in urban areas. It is expected that the above results of the study will be utilized in creation and improvement of the pond wetlands which can play a huge role in increase and improvement of biological diversity in urban areas.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.313-331
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate and suggesting plans for the Gonggeumji rice paddy wetland ecotourism with ecological, cultural and historical resources. Compare to previous other ecotourism resources including insects, birds and other ecological resources, this study used rice paddy wetland as ecotourism resources. The wetland ecotourism could be more promoted with networking of resources, historical experiences of Goryung Gaya Kingdom, leisure sports tourism with bicycling, the residents'cultural resources including traditional folk song village experiences.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.491-491
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• 2022

최근 농업용수의 수질개선을 위한 사업으로 수질개선시설들이 조성되었으나 유지관리의 측면에서 정화효과 검토와 시설물 운영에 대한 관리만 집중적으로 진행되고 있다. 특히 농업용수 수질개선사업은 자연친화적 공법인 인공습지가 주로 활용되고 있음에도 불구하고 식생 및 정화식물에 대한 조사 및 영향분석에 대한 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 또한 인공습지 내 정화식물 이외의 우점 식물종(침입 식물종)에 대한 현황 및 관리방안 검토도 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 총 6개 저수지의 인공습지를 대상으로 식물상 및 군락특성을 조사하여 인공습지 식생도를 작성하였다. 인공습지 내 수질 정화식물 현황 분석 결과는 조사의 여건 및 시기 등을 고려하여 3단계를 나누어 관리지역을 파악할 수 있도록 식생도에 반영하였다. 또한 인공습지 내 정화식물(갈대, 부들, 꽃창포 등) 이외의 우점 식물종(침입 식물종)을 분석하고 침입 식물종 특성 및 관리 방안을 분석하였다. 인공습지에 대한 관속식물상을 조사한 결과, 총 27과 59속 63종 7변종 1아종으로 총 71류군이 조사되었다. 대부분의 습지에서 우점종으로 갈대, 부들이 확인되었으며, 일부 습지의 경우 줄, 큰고랭이, 마름 등이 조사되었다. 귀화식물은 7과 23종으로 조사되었으며, 인공습지 내부보다는 주변의 나대지, 제방사면에 주로 분포하고 있다. 귀화식물 중 환경부에서 지정한 생태계교란식물은 양미역취, 단풍잎돼지풀, 미국쑥부쟁이, 돼지풀, 물참새피, 가시상추가 조사되었다. 귀화식물 종수가 10~12종으로 나타났으며, 도시화지수는 3.1~3.7%로 나타났으나 출현 종수가 적어 귀화율은 29.4~44.0%로 높게 나타났다. 식물의 경우 동물과 달리 계절에 따라 출현하는 종의 차이가 더욱 크기 때문에 정확한 분석을 위해서는 계절에 따른 지속적인 조사가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.225-238
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• 2020

The agricultural landscape is considered an important space to provide service functions, but the reality is that environmental and ecological problems are being reported in the creation of a facility horticulture complex. Therefore, this study was conducted to contribute to sustainable agriculture by creating a more eco-friendly facility horticultural complex. The elements of planning for eco-friendly development of the facility horticultural complex were derived from literature and expert surveys. The master plan and the bird's-eye view were then applied to the Saemangeum area by applying the planning elements. After analyzing the method of selecting and deploying input elements for improving functions, it was suggested that low-flow areas, wetlands, artificial storage facilities, green spaces, and waterways should be placed in harmony with the landscape and that the building-to-land ratio should be applied at 55%. The final design was prepared by applying the ecological service function improvement plan proposed by experts. The final bird's-eye view also reflected water purification facilities, connection of wetlands to waterways, packing of pitchers, and connection of green areas. The results of the research are expected to be used as basic data for policy and budget allocation for the eco-friendly creation of horticulture facilities and contribute to sustainable agriculture by contributing to national biodiversity and environmental preservation.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2020

To assess the wetland systems' capability to reduce fine dust, we used an artificial wetland module of small-sized greenhouse (70cm W × 70cm L × 60cm H) which creates a closed system. Experiment was performed twice using four species in each experiment. Non-plantation, one species, or two species condition was created in each mesocosm. We measured air quality, primarily PM2.5 and PM10 at the initial open mesocosms and 1hr later since mesocosms were closed. The dry weight of vegetation was measured at the 2nd experiment. The decreased amount of PM2.5 and PM10 was 13.7±1.3 and 13.2±1.3 ㎍·m^-3hr^-1 in wetland condition and 15.0±1.4 and 13.8±1.5 ㎍·m^-3hr^-1 in dryland condition, respectively. In 2^nd experiment, the decreased amount of PM 2.5 and PM 10 in wetland condition was 13.7±1.3 and 9.2±1.5 ㎍·m^-3hr^-1, 15.0±1.4 and 8.8±1.4 ㎍·m^-3hr^-1 in dryland condition, respectively. Wetland showed higher removal effect due to its high productivity leading to more effective absorption of particulate matter. Furthermore, the aquatic characteristics of wetland system and high humidity helped purifying the air quality. This can be seen as another value of wetlands, which can be presented as one of the solutions to the problem of fine dust.