• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.182-201
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• 2005

항공우주산업의 선도적 기술혁신은 타 산업으로 연계 파급 효과가 매우 클 뿐 아니라 역으로 연관산업의 발전이 없이는 기술적 우위를 확보하기 어렵다. 항공우주산업이 높은 기술파급효과를 가지는 이유는 수백만 개의 부품을 퍼즐처럼 조립하는 전형적 복합체계종합산업이기 때문이다. 때문에 기술체계가 매우 복잡하고 관련된 산업 기술 분야 또한 매우 넓다. 항공우주 부품의 생산과정이 매우 복잡하고 엄격한 안전규정을 충족해야 하기 때문에 모기업에 대한 의존도가 높은 강한 가치사슬 구조를 지니게 된다. 항공기 개발 산업은 설계, 생산, 자본재 조달에 있어 계약 관계에 크게 의존한다. 수요특성 면에서는 군 또는 대형 항공사가 주된 수요자로서 상당히 높은 수요독점력(monopsony power)을 지니고 있어 관련 업체(Player)간 협상을 통해 계약관계가 형성된다. 계약 관계는 거래 당사자간의 흥정 또는 협상을 통한 게임으로 지배되는 경향이 많아 상호 정보의 교류는 매우 필수적이다. 항공우주산업 완제품 획득에 있어 체계종합과 부품소재 간의 효율적 연계는 매우 중요한 문제이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 필요기술과 그 소요시점에 있어 부품소재 개발자와 체계설계자는 서로 상이한 시각을 지나고 있다. 양자간의 차이점을 밝히고 전략적 연결점을 제안함이 본 연구의 주제이다. 본 연구는 2004년 산업자원부와 한국산업기술재단이 작성한 항공우주산업기술로드맵의 결과를 바탕으로 항공기 개발 과정에 있어 체계설계와 수많은 부품간의 관계를 파악하고 전략적 시사점을 제시하고자 한다.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.21 no.4 s.100
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• pp.107-117
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• 2006

위성 탑재체 제조 산업은 기초 과학이 뒷받침된 초정밀 기계 공학, 첨단 전자 기술, 극한 환경 기술 및 신소재 공학 등과 같은 첨단 산업의 집합체라 할 수 있다. 현재 미국을 비롯한 서구 선진국에서 진행중인 탑재체 기술동향을 보면, 폭발적으로 증가하는 위성수에 따라 위성 궤도가 부족하고 주파수 자원이 고갈되고 있는 상황에서 통신 위성의 효율성과 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 신호처리 탑재(OBP) 위성과 통신기능을 포함한 다양한 기능을 가진 복합위성 개발이 진행되고 있으며 주파수 대역의 포화와 광대역 멀티미디어 서비스 제공 등을 위해 보다 높은 주파수의 준 밀리미터파 대역(Ka 대역) 위성 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 국내에서는 현재, 2008년 발사를 목표로 마이크로스위치 매트릭스(MSM)가 탑재되어 빔간 스위칭이 가능하도록 설계된 통신해양기상위성(COMS)용 통신 탑재체(SACOM) 개발이 진행중이다. 국내의 위성탑재용 RF 부품분야는 1990년부터 위성 중계기 시스템의 기본적인 설계, 조립, 종합화, 시험기술을 바탕으로 통신위성 탑재체용 초고주파 부품을 개발하여 왔으며, 2000년대에는 Ku 대역(12/14GHz) 및 Ka 대역(20/30GHz) 기술인증모델(EQM) RF 부품을 성공적으로 개발하였다. 이를 바탕으로 통신해양기상위성 통신탑재체용 Ka 대역 RF 부품이 현재 우주인증 모델(QM)의 개발이 완료되었으며 비행 모델(FM) 개발이 진행중이다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2004

We propose the character recognition system for Gerber files. The Gerber file is the vector-formatted drawing file for PCB manufacturing, which includes various symbols, figures and characters. Also, the characters are written in horizontal, vertical, and reverse-vortical directions. In this paper, we newly propose the Gerber-character recognition system to recognize all of component names located in PCB. To improve the performance, we develop the multiple recognizers by neural networks and the verifier considering the structural features. The developed system has been installed to the auto-programming software for PCB assembly and inspection machines.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.930-937
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• 2007

In this paper, we address a design problem and a case study of a K-stage inspection system, which is composed of K stages, each of which includes an inspection process and a rework process. Assuming the type I and II errors of inspectors and the re-inspection policy for items classified as good, we determine the smallest integer of K which can achieve a given target defective rate. If K does not exist, holding the current values of the type I, II errors, we search reversely a new vector, (the defective rate of an assembly line, the defective rate of a rework process), which can give the target defective rate. Our formulas and methodology based on our K-stage inspection system could be applied and extended to similar situations with slight modifications.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.174-187
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• 2000

The Quaternary coarse-grained sandy sediments are distributed along the channels of Seomjin River. The fluvial sediments were sedimentologically studied in horizontal and vertical distributions. To analyze depositional environments and facies changes in the sediments, sediment sampling from river mouth to upper stream and desctriptive approaches to the sediment profiles outcropped near Kurye were carried out. The sediments along the stream lines of the river are assigned to very coarse to coarse sand in grain size. The sediment grains are widely scattered in sorting and moderately sorted in average. For skewness and kurtosis, the sediments ranges from very fine to very coarse skewed and from very lepto-kurtic to extremelyl epto-kurtic states, respectively. The sediments are divided into slightly gravelly sand, gravelly sand and sandy gravel in sediment type. The pain shape in the sandy sediments are dominant in equant and tabular forms showing wide varieties. The sandy sediments are mostly poorly sorted and are highly variable in surface texture with SEM. Some smaller grains in the sediments ordinarily show polished surfaces. Of those grains, quartz ones are commonly angular to surounded. On the basis of facies changes and sedimentary structures, outcropped fluvial sediment profiles in Kurye are classified into xGyS, mGyS, gGyS, xSM, xS, mS, mGyM, IgM in facies. These eight facies are reformed as facies assemblage I and ll. The facies assemblage I and II are interpreted as the products of the channel deposits in braided stream and flood plain ones besides channels, respectively. The change facies assemblage I with facies assemblage ll imply that depositional environments hadbeen migrated from braied sream to flood plain ones.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.537-545
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• 1996

A population study on the sternaspid polychaete Sternaspis scutata (Ranzani) was conducted in Chinhae Bay, Korea, from lune 1987 to May 1990. Sternaspis scutata was chiefly distributed in the mouth area of the bay, and its distributional delimitation remained unchanged all the year round. Abundance of this species appeared to be related to the organic carbon content of the sediment. It was relatively high in the area where the organic content of the sediment was between 2.0 and $4.0\%(mean\;3.8{\pm}1.11)$ with mean grain size of $8.75\phi$. The relationship between the length of the ventral plate and the body wet weight is Wt=13.2752 $L^{2.7984}(R^2=0.962)$. Therefore, the length of ventral plate can be used as an indicator of body growth of this species. The growth curves fitted to yon Bertalanffy equations for ventral plates and weights are $L_{t}=5.235(1-e^{-0.3625(t-0.4047)})$ and $W_{t}=1364.1(1-e^{-0.3625(t-0.4047)})^{2.7984}$, respectively. Size frequency histograms showed that the settlement occurred during all the year round with its peak in summer.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.8-19
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• 2002

Spatial distribution pattern of macrozoobenthos was studied along the salinity gradient and sedimentary environment in the Watancheon estuary, Beobseongpo, southwest coast of Korea. Ten stations were set from the mouth towards the head of estuary. Three replicate sediment samples were taken using a van Veen grab (surface area $0.1m^{2}$) at each station between June 1998 and January 1999. A total of 114 species were collected during the study period and they are composed of 44 species of polychaetes (39%), 34 of crustaceans (30%), 24 of molluscs (21%) and 12 of miscellaneous. The former two taxa together accounted for 69% in the total number of species. The mean density was 3,053 ind./m$^{2}$, comprising 2,536 ind./m$^{2}$ from polychaetes (83%) and 439 ind./m$^{2}$, crustaceans (14%). Moreover, the mean biomass was 58.23 gwwt./m$^{2}$, consisting of 29.56 gwwt./m$^{2}$ from polychaetes (51%), 23.38 gwwt./m$^{2}$, molluscs (40%). A spionid polychaete Minuspio japonica, two corophiid amphipods Grandidierella japonica and Corophium sinense, a bivalve Potamocorbula amurensis were major dominants at the head of estuary where the salinity was relatively lower compared with contiguous sites. The distributions of M. japonica and G. japonica were significantly related to the salinity and sediment environment, respectively, whereas C. sinense and P, amurensis showed no significance. The nereid polychaete, Hediste japonica, also predominated at the head of the estuary where bottom salinity was relatively low. Species diversity was high at the mouth area whereas low diversity and few species number were seen at the stations in the head of the estuary, influenced by freshwater and sandy sediment. Based on the cluster analysis, the macrobenthic community was classified into four station groups from head (station group A) toward mouth (group D) in the study area. The number of species and abundance between station group B and C were significantly different. And the abundance of between two neighboring station groups (station group A and B, B and C, C and D) was also different. These results suggested that the spatial distribution pattern of macrobenthos in this estuary seemed mainly related to gradients in bottom salinity and sediment grain size among environmental factors.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.120-135
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• 2013

To investigate the changes in depositional environment around Gangneung Harbor, we analyzed the surface sediment textural parameters and topography data collected five times from February 2007 to February 2009. In the study area, sediments were mainly composed of sand and its sediment size became finer at offshore sites. During summer time, however, the sand grains became coarser than winter season near Namhangjin Beach, inside the harbor, and offshore areas. On the other hand, the grain size of Anmok Beach showed a gradual finer trend with time. Compared with the previous studies conducted before the completion of Gangneung Harbor construction, the mean grain size became finer on Anmok Beach, while it was coarser on Namhangjin Beach. The bathymetric changes observed over a 2-year period showed predominant erosion in the area of 5 to 10 m water depths and deposition in 2 to 5 m water depths. The shallower area less than 2 m water depths showed an alternating trend and yet slightly more dominant erosion process. The sediment textural parameters and the distribution of erosion and deposition have changed continuously. Results imply that such changes show long-term trends as well as seasonal variations in which the trend may have been formed after the completion of Gangneung Harbor construction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.126-136
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• 2018

A steel-plate concrete composite beam is composed of a steel plate, concrete and shear connector to combine inhomogeneous two materials. The steel plate is assembled by welding an existing composite beam. In this study, new steel-plate concrete composite beam, called a SPC Beam, was developed to reduce the shear connector and improve the workability. The SPC Beam was composed of folding steel plates and concrete, without a shear connector. The folding steel plate was assembled using high strength bolt instead of welding. To improve the workability in field construction, a hat-shaped Cap was attached to the junction with a slab. Monotonic load testing under two points was conducted under displacement control mode. The flexural strength of the specimen for positive moment and negative moment was calculated using the plastic stress distribution method. The test results showed that the flexural strength of the new SPC Beam had 80% of the strength of a complete composite beam. In addition, increasing the composite ratio was possible through clearance controls of the cap. In this study, the performance of the SPC Beam was verified through additional experiments and analyses with the cross-sectional shape and cap as variables, because the representative shape in the positive negative moment region is targeted.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.694-707
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• 2016

This study investigated the community structure of macrobenthic assemblages in the Taehwa River Estuary, Ulsan, Korea. Macrobenthos were collected with a Van Veen Grab Sampler during February and November 2012. The total species number and mean density were $176species/9.6m^2$ and $1,992inds./m^2$, respectively. Polychaetes were the most dominant faunal group in terms of species (91 species) and abundance ($1,463inds./m^2$). The major dominant species were polychaetes Minuspio japonica ($609{\pm}1,221inds./m^2$), Hediste japonica ($174{\pm}318inds./m^2$), Tharyx sp.1 ($106{\pm}283inds/m^2$), Lumbrineris longifolia ($79{\pm}207inds./m^2$), bivalve Theora fragilis ($114{\pm}272inds./m^2$) and amphipod Grandidierella japonica ($88{\pm}223inds./m^2$). Based on community statistics (cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) ordination), the macrobenthic community was divided into three station groups. Group I(freshwater dominated stations 2-6 with coarse sediment) was characterized by a high abundance of polychaetes Minuspio japonica, Hediste japonica, Capitella capitata, Pseudopolydora kempi, amphipods Grandidierella japonica and Apocorophium acutum. Group II (ecotone, stations 7-9 with mixed sediment) was numerically dominated by bivalve Theora fragilis, polychaetes Cirriformia tentaculata, Tharyx sp.1, Lumbrineris longifolia and Chaetozone sp. Finally, Group III (seawater dominated stations 10-12 with fine sediment) was characterized by a high density of polychaete Magelona japonica. These results showed that changes in salinity gradient and sedimentary characteristics were the main factors behind spatial changes in the macrobenthic communities of the Taehwa River Estuary.