• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2022

Previous studies have provided important findings on children's speech production development. They have revealed that essentially all aspects of children's speech shift toward adult-like characteristics over time. Nevertheless, few studies have examined the perceptual aspects of children's speech tokens, as perceived by naive adult listeners. To fill the gap between children's production and adults' perception, we conducted cross-sectional perceptual studies of monosyllabic words produced by children aged two to six years. Monosyllabic words in the consonant-vowel-consonant form were extracted from children's speech samples and presented aurally to five listener groups (20 listeners in total). Generally, the agreement rate between children's production of target words and adult listeners' responses increases with age. The perceptual responses to tokens produced by two-year old children induced the largest discrepancies and the responses to words produced by six years olds agreed the most. Further analyses were conducted to identify the sources of disagreement, including the types of segments and syllable structure. This study makes an important contribution to our understanding of the development and perception of children's speech across age groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.91-100
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• 2010

In this paper a sensitivity analysis about effects of influencing factors on the stability of soil cut and embankment slopes in field was performed. Slope stability analysis of slopes in field was carried out with dry, rainy and seismic conditions. As results of analyzing the sensitivity of factors for the dry and rainy conditions, effect of cohesion, internal friction angle and unit weight of soil on the stability of cut slope is more critical in the dry condition than in the rainy condition. However, their effects on the stability of embankment slope for both conditions are similar to each other. The horizontal seismic coefficient does also affect the stability within the similar range of values irrespective of dry or rainy conditions. Cohesion and internal friction angle are more dominant factors influencing the slope stability irrespective of dry or rainy conditions than unit weight of soil and the horizontal seismic coefficient.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.251-256
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• 2005

When English monosyllabic words are adapted to the Korean language, the loanwords tend to carry extra syllables. The purpose of this paper is to find the syllable augmentation conditions in loanword adaptation and further to provide an algorithm to predict the syllable numbers of English monosylabic loanwords. Three syllable augmentation conditions are found as follows: 1) the existence of diphthong, 2) the existence of consonant clusters, and 3) the quality of the final consonant (and the preceding vowel). Based on these three conditions, an algorithm to predict the syllable number of English monosyllabic loanwords are proposed as three rules applied iteratively with ordering. In addition, the applications of the algorithm to data are given.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.195.1-195.1
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• 2007

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.39 no.3 s.449
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• pp.92-95
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• 2007

우리나라의 환경은 사계절이 뚜렷하여 겨울에는 춥고 건조하며 여름에는 덥고 다습한 기후조건을 가지고 있다. 특히 환절기인 봄에는 기온차가 심하여 환기관리를 잘못하면 심각한 손실을 받을 수도 있다. 따라서 환기관리에 특히 신경을 써야할 계절이라 하겠다. 그 외에도 건강한 병아리, 최적 수준의 사료, 정성어린 사육관리등 여러 가지 필수 요건이 있으나 이중 봄철, 한해의 입추를 준비하면서 농장에서 충분히 조절할 수 있는 사양관리에 대하여 다시 한 번 알아보도록 하자.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.703-708
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• 2013

Conventional total hip joint replacement(THR) surgery requires a long incision and long rehabilitation time. The stem used in THR is inserted into the cancellous bone of the femur where it plays the role of the artificial joint. Minimally invasive surgery(MIS) has been devised to reduce muscle damage to patients. In this study, a mechanical stem was developed on the basis of MISto reduce the incision length through the principle of the gear. The mechanical stem consists of six components. A prototypical model for a mechanical stem was fabricated using an acryl-based polymer, and its workability was confirmed. To actualize the mechanical stem, a three-dimensional Bio-CAD modeling technique was applied. The hip joint area based on computed tomography(CT) was reconstructed. The safety of the mechanical stem by applying more load than the weight of a man under virtual surgery environment conditions was confirmed by finite element analysis.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.1071-1076
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• 2011

NC machines are generally used for machining operations because of their position accuracy, path accuracy, and machining reaction force. However, some NC machines require a very large space and are expensive. Recently, industrial articulated robot arms with large handling capability and wrist torque have been developed and the corresponding sensor technology has been improved. A machining robot for three-dimensional large curved objects was developed on the basis of an automatic-path-generation method. A self-position-compensation method with a laser displacement sensor was adopted for the six-axis robot developed, because the large articulated robot arms had poor position accuracy. An automatic-path-generation method using specific points was adopted to reduce the number of teaching points and time. In order to determine the proper machining conditions, various machining conditions such as tool rotation speed, cutting angle, cutting depth, and tool moving speed, were evaluated.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.571-581
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• 1995

The generation, verification and validation of Emergency Procedures for Nuclear Power Plant is a difficult and complex process. Atomic Energy Control Board(AECB) requires that emergency procedure and plan be produced before obtaining the Operating License, that is, detailed plans and procedures to handle emergency situations for both on-site actions and off-site actions be developed. In this report Emergency Operating Procedures Standard for Canadian Nuclear Utilities which makes reference to U. S. practices and the current direction of emergency procedures for CAN-DU reactors are reviewed and compared based on scope(events covered), methodology (event-oriented or symptom-oriented or hybrid) and format(method of presentation) preponderantly, and an attempt is made to integrate these procedures and as a result the recommended strategy for Wolsong unit 2, 3, & 4 is presented as event-specific procedures, generic procedures(when event is not diagnosed) and whose format is combination of logic diagram and text.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.69-76
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• 1994

In this study we developed monosyllable lists for articulation test for Korean. We sampled 103, 581 colloquial monosyllables, applied them to five selection rules that based on Korean linguistic characterisitcs, and finally constructed five different lists with fifity monosyllables. The validity test using the monaural impairment factors such as S/N ratio and cut-off frequency showed that articulation scores were changed systematically according to the level of impairment factors. In addition, we investigated the effect of azimuth of a single competing sound source upon articulation scores. The syllables were always reproduced by the loudspeaker in front of the subject, while Hoth noise( -5dB/oct) were reproduced by the loudspeaker with varying azimuth around subject. The result indicated that the articulation depended on the azimuth of competing sound sources and no significant differences among lists were found in all experimental conditions.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.214-218
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• 1986

제 4절에서 얻은 연속체 일반의 장방정식들을 제 5절에서와 같이 각종 물질의 구성방정식으로 보충하므로써, 탄성이론, Newton 유체역학, 비 Newton 유체역학, 소성이론, 점탄성이론, 비균질 체역학, 연속체 일반의 열역학 ...등의 기본적 이론체계를 구성할 수 있다. 또 합당한 경계조건과 함께 구체적 해를 얻는 다양한 연구로 이어진다. 이에 대한 독자의 편의를 위하여 몇 개의 문 헌을 뒤에 나열한다. (8,15,16,17,18,19) 공학의 한 분야에 전문적인 지식을 얻기 위해서는 공학 일반(engineering science)에 대한 선명한 이해가 필수적이며 이를 위해 연속체이론이 꾸준히 연구되고 있다. 그러나 이와 같은 방대한 체계를 $E_{3}$ 해석학의 틀 속에서 선명하게 파악 하려하는 것은 어려운 일이다. 결국 대역적해석학(global analysis)의 응용(3,5,20,21,22)이 불가 피하지 않나 생각된다. 이 방향의 연구가 선진국에서도 아직 소수의 학자들에 국한된 실정이나, 우리 공학의 획기적 발전을 위하여 독자들의 노력이 계속되었으면 한다.