• Cement
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• s.201
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• pp.36-39
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• 2014

2014년 거시경제 분야에서 예상되는 트렌드로는 중성장시대(The Age of Moderate Growth)로의 진입, 스마트 소비의 확산, 주택시장의 바이플레이션(Biflation), 디레버리징(Deleveraging) 필요성 증대, 퍼플칼라(Purple Collar)의 확산 등이 화제로 부상할 것으로 보인다. 산업 경영 분야에서는 제조업 한류의 개막, 서비스업 명품화 원년, ICT융합산업의 재도약 등 3가지 화두가 등장할 것으로 예상된다. 사회 남북 분야에서는 위로가 필요한 사회, 남북경협 3.0 시대의 모색 등 2가지 트렌드가 형성될 것으로 보인다. 여기서는 현대경제연구원의 '2014년 국내 10대 트렌드' 보고서를 통해 올해 국내 경제의 화두에 대해 살펴본다.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.137-159
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• 2017

This study divides manufacturing in 18 countries including Korea, China, Japan and OECD countries into 11 areas and estimates and compares the technological efficiency of each industry. The traditional view of productivity is to increase production capacity through technological innovation or process innovation, but it is also influenced by the technological efficiency of production process. A Stochastic Frontier Production Model (SFM) is a representative method for estimating the technical efficiency of such production. First, as a result of estimating the production function by setting the output variable as total output or value-added, in both cases, the output increased significantly in all manufacturing sectors as inputs of labor, capital, and intermediate increased. On the other hand, R&D investment has a large impact on output in chemical, electronics, and machinery industries. Next, as a result of estimating the technological efficiency through the production function, when the total output is set as the output variable, the overall average of each sector is 0.8 or more, showing mostly high efficiency. However, when value-added was set, Japan had the highest level in most manufacturing sectors, while other countries were lower than the efficiency of the total output. Comparing the three countries of Korea, China and Japan, Japan showed the highest efficiency in most manufacturing sectors, and Korea was about half or one third of Japan and China was lower than Korea. However, in the food and electronics sectors, China is higher than Korea, indicating that China's production efficiency has greatly improved. As such, Korea is not able to narrow its gap with Japan relatively faster than China's rapid growth. Therefore, various policy supports are needed to promote technology development. In addition, in order to improve manufacturing productivity, it is necessary to shift to an economic structure that can raise technological efficiency as well as technology development.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.235-240
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• 2018

ICT converged smart factory started from German Industry 4.0 has been the driving force for the $4^{th}$ Industrial Revolution and the center of manufacturing innovation for major industrial countries. It will be developed according to industry characteristics of each country. Korea is relatively later than other competing countries in the smart factory area. So, the government is establishing related policy and tendering all sorts of supports for smart factory mainly to the small and medium-sized enterprises to spread over the manufacturing industry. It is necessary for government to categorize among similar manufacturing industry and make them share digitalized production information mutually. It will be more effective method for securing global competitiveness than the uniform support. Also, large companies need to establish cloud based production forecasting system over similar industry and share it with other companies rather than expansion of individual smart factory. Mutual development in the manufacturing industry will be realized when the small and medium-sized enterprises and large companies take part in the cooperating ground of smart factory.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.111-122
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• 2004

The purpose of this study are two the first is to identify the positioning of product design and analyze its functional relationship with product development, manufacturing, marketing and sales in the comprehensive competitiveness evaluation model ; and the second is to estimate the determinants of QCI(quality competitiveness index), analyze the impact of product design on QCI, and compare the aforementioned results for the seven industrial sectors and the five product patterns. For this empirical analysis, this study surveyed 400 Korean manufacturing firms during August-October 2003. The major empirical findings are summarized as follows : First, the hypothesis on the positive effect of product design on QCI is accepted at a highly significant level (p < 0.001) for all : the manufacturing sector, seven industrial sectors, and five product categories. Second, the correlation analysis and factor analysis lead to the result that the effect of product design on QCI is estimated to be relatively very low, in comparison to those of product functionality and basic performance on QCI. These findings imply that Korean manufacturing sector has been still in the prematured stage at which product design has not played an important role yet. This study concludes that product design in line with other functions (product development, manufacturing, marketing, and sales) should make a good contribution to the improvement of QCI in the future.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.5-18
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to survey working conditions of women workers. We conducted a field survey of 504 manufacturing company with many women working from May 13 to June 29, 2002. We focused on only 3 categories of metal, textile and electronics industry. The result were as follows : 1. Subjects were constituted metal 27.0%, textile 37.9% and electronics industry 35.1%. Size distribution was small scale(<50 workers) 38.1%, medium(50-299 workers) 50.2% and large(${\geq}300$ workers) company 11.7%. Women workers' proportion was 43.6% of total workers, 63.8% of total contractors. 2. A medical examination enforcement of contractors workers was very poor in comparison with that of employees(p<0.001). 3. A 53.8% of total companies have conducted shiftwork system and 2-crew 2-shift(12 hours shift system) ranked first, 56.1%(151 companies). 4. Only 61.3% of total companies conducted more than 90 days as legal standard of a maternity leave and only 2.6% of total companies had a day nursery. In conclusion, many strategies for women workers are needed by companies and government. For example, the raising of understanding about maternity protection, social support insurancing of woman worker and occupational health system improvement for contractors and small size companies.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.143-160
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• 2010

This paper estimate the $CO_2$ reduction potential that can be achieved by improving the technical efficiency of input factors in the manufacturing sector. Technical efficiency in each manufacturing firm was estimated using the DEA technique. Depending on the returns-to-scale assumption selected, average technical efficiency was estimated to be between 0.467 and 0.643. These estimates suggest that, when the efficiency of electricity consumption in the manufacturing sector is improved, the overall $CO_2$ emissions can be reduced by 17.1-25.5%. Recently, the Korean government has adopted a low-carbon-green-growth policy with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 30% below the BAU level by year 2020. The analysis of the paper suggests that this goal can be achieved through improved efficiency of electricity consumption.

• Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 2015

In recent years, developed and developing country such as U.S., Japan, and China push forward to enhance their manufacturing industry through national policies such as advanced manufacturing(U.S.), Industrie 4.0 (Germany), and Made in China 2025. Also, in Korea, Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy(MOTIE) claimed Manufacturing3.0 for encouraging domestic manufacturing industry. Manufacturing industry plays an important role in encouraging economy and employment. In this paper, we survey, analyze and summarize the current national policy for enhancing manufacturing industry.

• The Optical Journal
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• s.107
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• pp.30-36
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• 2007

산업연구원이 지난 12월 21일 발표한 '2007년 경제.산업 전망'을 통해 2007년 성장률을 4.5%로 예상했다. 이는 한국은행(4.4%), 삼성경제연구소(4.3%)가 제시한 전망치 중 가장 높은 수치이다. 산업연구원은 올해 민간소비 증가율이 3.7%로 완만한 회복세를 지속하는 가운데 설비투자 증가율도 전년과 비슷한 7.2%에 이를 것으로 예상했다. 반면 건설투자는 민간 부문의 부진으로 2.3% 증가에 그치고 수출 증가율도 10%선에 머물러 전년(14.6% 추정)보다 주춤할 것으로 내다봤다. 이와 함께 경기순환 주기가 짧아진 가운데 올해 경기가 1.4분기 중 저점을 통과한 뒤 상승세로 전환될 것으로 내다봤다. 이에 따라 성장률은 상반기 4.0%로 다소 부진하다가 하반기 5.0%로 회복되는 '상저하고'의 양상을 보일 것으로 내다봤다. 산업연구원은 그러나 세계 경기에 따라 1.4분기 저점이 3%대로 떨어질 가능성도 배재할 수 없다고 전망했다. 올해 주요 기간산업 가운데 반도체 분야는 마이크로소프트의 윈도비스타 출시 등의 영향을 받아 고성장을 이룰 것으로 내다봤다. 생산은 IT제조업이 성장을 주도하고 수출은 기계산업군이 주도 할 것으로 내다봤다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2016

Many phthalic acid esters (PAEs), including DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP, and DEHP, as well as DEHA are widely used as plasticizers in plastics. An analytical method was developed and used to analyze these compounds at 41 industrial facilities. The coefficient of determination (R²) for each constructed curve was higher than 0.98. The method detection limit (MDL) values were 0.4–0.7 μg/L for PAEs and 0.6 μg/L for DEHA. In addition, the recovery rate was shown to be 77.0–92.3%, while the relative standard deviation was shown to be in the range of 5.8-10.5%. DMP (n = 3), DEP (n = 2), DBP (n = 2), BBP (n = 2), and DEHA (n = 3) were detected in the range of 2.2-11.1% in the influent. DEHP was a predominant compound and was detected at > MDL in both the influent (n = 16, 35.6%) and the effluent (n = 4, 10.0%) at a high removal efficiency (92–100%). The highest levels of residue in industrial wastewater influent were 137.4 μg/L of DEHP at plastic products manufacturing facility, 12.5 μg/L of DEHA at a chemical manufacturing facility, and 14.0 μg/L of DEP at an electronics facility. The highest concentration of effluent was 12.5 μg/L of DEHP at a chemical manufacturing facility, which indicated that the effluent was below the allowable concentration (800 μg/L). Therefore, the levels of PAEs and DEHA that are discharged into nearby streams could not influence the health of the ecosystem.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.52-62
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• 2021

Quality control is critical at manufacturing sites and is key to predicting the risk of quality defect before manufacturing. However, the reliability of manual quality control methods is affected by human and physical limitations because manufacturing processes vary across industries. These limitations become particularly obvious in domain areas with numerous manufacturing processes, such as the manufacture of major nuclear equipment. This study proposed a novel method for predicting the risk of quality defects by using natural language processing and machine learning. In this study, production data collected over 6 years at a factory that manufactures main equipment that is installed in nuclear power plants were used. In the preprocessing stage of text data, a mapping method was applied to the word dictionary so that domain knowledge could be appropriately reflected, and a hybrid algorithm, which combined n-gram, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency, and Singular Value Decomposition, was constructed for sentence vectorization. Next, in the experiment to classify the risky processes resulting in poor quality, k-fold cross-validation was applied to categorize cases from Unigram to cumulative Trigram. Furthermore, for achieving objective experimental results, Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine were used as classification algorithms and the maximum accuracy and F1-score of 0.7685 and 0.8641, respectively, were achieved. Thus, the proposed method is effective. The performance of the proposed method were compared and with votes of field engineers, and the results revealed that the proposed method outperformed field engineers. Thus, the method can be implemented for quality control at manufacturing sites.