• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.5-10
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• 1962

Studies on the anatomical observation of Bamboos distributed in East-South Asia for systematic botany were scarecely reported except for the morphological studies on Bamboos, which was investigated by Dr. Hiroshi Usui, present author and others. Recently it has been certain that it could be hardly classify some species of bamboo family without this work. For this reason the author reported the anatomical studies on Korean bamboos in 1959, and furthermore the author intended to identify the two species of Pleioblastum Simoni Nakai in Korean bamboos by studying the characteristics of internal structure and qualitative assay of free amino acid containg in Pleioblastus Simoni Nakai(1), (2). In view of fact that there is some differences between two species, it is likely to be identifiable completely different species one another. Furthermore, a lot of characteristics surveyed by the author were as follow: It was reassumed that two species cultivated under same conditions for three years were different alternately in the species of Pleioblastus Simoni Nakai. At the same time, these studies could clarify some evolutional processes of bamboo family. On the other hand, it was found that two species had not only the obvious difference in aerenchyma, the size of thickwalled parenchyma and bulliform cell, but also the internode of Pleioblastus Simoni Nakai(1) is longer than the other, the speed of growing is more rapid, the leaf of former is narrow and that of latter is wide. The free amino acids containg in each species were found as 18 kinds, especially Pleioblastus Simoni Nakai (2) had not Histidine in spite of containg in Pleioblastus Simoni Nakia(1). From the characteristics and the experiments described above, it seemed to the author that Pleioblasus Simoni Nakai (1) which was growing at the region of Ulsan in Korea.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2014

Using a level set method and topological derivatives, a topological shape optimization method that is independent of an initial design is developed for linearly elastic structures. In the level set method, the initial domain is kept fixed and its boundary is represented by an implicit moving boundary embedded in the level set function, which facilitates to handle complicated topological shape changes. The "Hamilton-Jacobi(H-J)" equation and computationally robust numerical technique of "up-wind scheme" lead the initial implicit boundary to an optimal one according to the normal velocity field while minimizing the objective function of compliance and satisfying the constraint of allowable volume. Based on the asymptotic regularization concept, the topological derivative is considered as the limit of shape derivative as the radius of hole approaches to zero. The required velocity field to update the H-J equation is determined from the descent direction of Lagrangian derived from optimality conditions. It turns out that the initial holes are not required to get the optimal result since the developed method can create holes whenever and wherever necessary using indicators obtained from the topological derivatives. It is demonstrated that the proper choice of control parameters for nucleation is crucial for efficient optimization process.

• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.280-293
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• 1999

본 연구는 경영학 관련 분야에서 멀티미디어 기술의 경영학적 측면의 응용에 관한 연구의 중요성이나 필요성을 많은 학자들이 인식하고 있음에도 불구하고 아직 멀티미디어에 관한 연구가 전무한 실정에서 시도한 초기연구라는데 연구의 의의가 있다. 이러한 시점에서 교육공학과 경영정보학을 접목시킨 멀티미디어에 관한 연구는 상당히 중요할 것으로 판단된다. 이와 같이 본 연구는 경영정보학 분야에서 멀미미디어에 관한 연구로서는 초기의 연구로서, 본 연구가 가지는 연구의 필요성이나 중요성에 대해서는 우리들이 충분히 인식할 수 있을 것이다. 지금까지 국내외적으로 멀티미디어 정보시스템을 이용한 교육의 효과에 관한 연구는 몇 편의 탐색적 논문이 발견되고 있으나, 멀티미디어를 이용한 교육의 효과를 구성하는 요인이 무엇인지를 밝히기 위한 연구는 거의 전무한 실정이다 이러한 상황에서 멀티미디어를 이용한 교육의 효과를 구성하는 요인이 무엇이며, 구성요인 중 어떤 요인이 기업이나 학습자에게 가장 큰 효과를 가져다주는지를 밝히기 위한 연구는 현실적으로 상당히 중요하며 의미 있는 연구로 받아들여진다. 본 연구는 멀티미디어 정보시스템을 이용한 기업체 교육훈련의 효과요인을 도출하기 위하여 문헌연구와 실증적 연구를 병행 수행하였다. 우선 멀티미디어 정보시스템에 관한 문헌연구를 통하여 멀티미디어를 이용한 교육의 22가지 효과항목을 도출하였다. 다음으로 멀티미디어 정보시스템을 갖추고 있는 국내 5대 재벌 그룹연수원의 멀티미디어 교육실에서 교육을 받은 517명의 기업체 사원들을 대상으로 약 2개월간 설문조사를 실시하여 자료를 수집하고, 통계분석 패키지를 이용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 방식을 결합한 하이브리드 형태이다.인터넷으로 주문처리하고, 신속 안전한 배달을 기대한다. 더불어 고객은 현재 자신의 물건이 배달되는 경로를 알고싶어 한다. 웹을 통해 물건을 주문한 고객이 자신이 물건의 배달 상황을 웹에서 모니터링 한다면 기업은 고객으로 공간적인 제약으로 인한 불신을 불식시키는 신뢰감을 주게 된다. 이러한 고객서비스 향상과 물류비용 절감은 사이버 쇼핑몰이 전국 어디서나 우리의 안방에서 자연스럽게 점할 수 있는 상황을 만들 것이다.SP가 도입되어, 설계업무를 지원하기위한 기본적인 시스템 구조를 구상하게 된다. 이와 함께 IT Model을 구성하게 되는데, 객체지향적 접근 방법으로 Model을 생성하고 UML(Unified Modeling Language)을 Tool로 사용한다. 단계 4)는 Software Engineering 관점으로 접근한다. 이는 최종산물이라고 볼 수 있는 설계업무 지원 시스템을 Design하는 과정으로, 시스템에 사용될 데이터를 Design하는 과정과, 데이터를 기반으로 한 기능을 Design하는 과정으로 나눈다. 이를 통해 생성된 Model에 따라 최종적으로 Coding을 통하여 실제 시스템을 구축하게 된다.the making. program and policy decision making, The objectives of the study are to develop the methodology of modeling the socioeconomic evaluation, and build up the practical socioeconomic evaluation model of the HAN projec

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.123-141
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• 2017

This study predicted urban green spaces for 2020 based on two scenarios keeping or freeing the green-belt in the Daegu metropolitan city using a hybrid Cellular Automata(CA)-Markov model and analyzed the spatial dynamics of urban green spaces between 2009 and 2020 using a land cover change detection technique and spatial metrics. Markov chain analysis was employed to derive the transition probability for projecting land cover change into the future for 2020 based on two land cover maps in 1998 and 2009 provided by the Ministry of Environment. Multi-criteria evaluation(MCE) was adopted to develop seven suitability maps which were empirically derived in relation to the six restriction factors underlying the land cover change between the years 1998 and 2009. A hybrid CA-Markov model was then implemented to predict the land cover change over an 11 year period to 2020 based on two scenarios keeping or freeing the green-belt. The projected land cover for 2009 was cross-validated with the actual land cover in 2009 using Kappa statistics. Results show that urban green spaces will be remarkably fragmented in the suburban areas such as Dalseong-gun, Seongseo, Ansim and Chilgok in the year 2020 if the Daegu metropolitan city keeps its urbanization at current pace and in case of keeping the green-belt. In case of freeing the green-belt, urban green spaces will be fragmented on the fringes of the green-belt. It is thus required to monitor urban green spaces systematically considering the spatial change patterns identified by this study for sustainably managing them in the Daegu metropolitan city in the near future.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.15-31
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• 2009

The next generation IT environment is expected to be an open computing environment based on Grid computing technologies, which allow users to access to any type of computing resources through networks. The open computing environment has benefits in aspects of resource utilization, collaboration, flexibility and cost reduction. Due to the variation in performance of open computing resources, however, resource allocation simply based on users' budget and time constraints often fails to meet the Service Level Agreement(SLA). This paper proposes the Mean-Absolute Deviation(MAD) portfolio optimization approach, in which service brokers consider the uncertainty of performance of resources, and compose resource portfolios that minimize the uncertainty. In order to investigate the effect of this approach, we simulate an open computing environment with varying uncertainty levels, users' constraints, and brokers' optimization strategies. The simulation result concludes threefolds. First, the MAD portfolio optimization improves the success ratio of delivering the required performance to users. Second, the success ratio depends on the accuracy in predicting the variability of performance. Thirdly, the measured variability can also help service brokers expand their service to cost-critical users by discounting the access cost of open computing resources.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.214-215
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• 2013

Current competition among companies than regional, the time constraints, it is globalization, Tilt the efforts of many to be operated by building the efficient distribution system to reduce logistics costs and improve customer service it is reality's there. Therefore, the need for industrial complexes environmentally friendly can be cost competitive companies perform cavitation region's increased. To build the distribution center these logistics system through a joint of freight and appropriate policy is required. In particular, efficient operation through the system construction of industrial complexes in the logistics system is very important in terms of friendly low-cost urban logistics, the environment. Since the traffic volume which is Jipufa and utilization of network is transported by a more appropriate technicians and means suitable operating model can efficiency is improved. However, despite these advantages, research network design has not been actively conducted due to the complexity of the problem. Therefore, in this study, by analyzing the logistics system, and presents the operating model through a simulation and basic settings for the model of the logistics complex based on the analysis result, the construction of infrastructure of logistics industry complex it is intended to present the article.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.978-984
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• 2018

Structural equation modeling is pointing to statistical procedures that simultaneously perform path analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Today, this statistical procedure is an essential tool for researchers in the social sciences. There are as AMOS, LISREL and PLS representative tools that can perform structural equation modeling analysis. AMOS provides a convenient graphical user interface for beginners to use. PLS has the advantage of not having a constraint on normal distribution as well as a graphical user interface. Therefore, we compared and analyzed the three most commonly used tools (applications) in social sciences. Based on structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis was performed using the IBM AMOS Ver. 23, the LISREL 8.70 and the SmartPLS 2.0. The comparative results show that LISREL has the highest explanatory power of dependent variables than other analytical tools. The path coefficients and T-values presented by the analysis results showed similar results for all three analysis tools. This study suggests practical and theoretical implications based on the results.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.367-375
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• 2002

Inverse kinematics is a very useful method for control]ing the posture of an articulated body. In most inverse kinematics processes, the major matter of concern is not the posture of an articulated body itself but the position and direction of the end effector. In some applications such as 3D character animations, however, it is more important to generate an overall natural posture for the character rather than place the end effector in the exact position. Indeed, when an animator wants to modify the posture of a human-like 3D character with many physical constraints, he has to undergo considerable trial-and-error to generate a realistic posture for the character. In this paper, the Inductive Inverse Kinematics(IIK) algorithm using a Uniform Posture Map(UPM) is proposed to control the posture of a human-like 3D character. The proposed algorithm quantizes human behaviors without distortion to generate a UPM, and then generates a natural posture by searching the UPM. If necessary, the resulting posture could be compensated with a traditional Cyclic Coordinate Descent (CCD). The proposed method could be applied to produce 3D-character animations based on the key frame method, 3D games and virtual reality.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.4B
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• pp.323-338
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• 2003

The main memory database systems (MMDBMS) efficiently supports various database applications that require high performance since it employs main memory rather than disk as a primary storage. Recently, it has been increased needs that have the fast data processing as well as the efficient modeling of application requiring for a complicated structure, and conformity to applications that need the strict dta consistency. In MMDBMS, because all the data is located in the main memory, it can support the usable expression methods of data satisfying their needs without performance overhead. The method has the operation to manipulate the data and the constraint such as referential integrity in more detail. The data model consists of this methods is an essential component to decide the expression power of DBMS. In this paper, we discuss about various requests to provide the communication services and propose the data model that support it. The mainly discussed issues are 1) definition of the relationship between tables using the pointer, 2) navigation of the data using the relationship, 3) support of the referential integrity for pointer, 4) support of the uniform processing time for the join, 5) support of the object-oriented concepts, and 6) sharing of an index on multi-tables. We discuss the pointer-based data model that designed to include these issues to efficiently support complication environments.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.415-422
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• 2010

Development of the reliability-based design program in the GUI environment is inadequate for engineers familiar with the deterministic design to deal with the international design criterion based on the probabilistic design. In this study, the design program based on the GUI environment is developed in order to more efficiently input the design factor and more easily carry out the design works. The GUI environment is the GUIDE (Graphic User Interface Development Environment) tool supported by the latest MATALB version 7.1. In order to test the model reliability, the probabilities of failure (POF) on the breakwater armor block (AB) and gravity quay-wall (QW) in the sliding mode are computed using the model in the Level II and Level III. The POF are 55.4~55.7% for breakwater AB and 0.0006~0.0007% for gravity QW. A non-GUI environment program results of the POF are 55.6% for breakwater AB and 0.0018% for gravity QW. In comparison, the POF difference is negligible for breakwater AB because the exact input design parameters are available, whereas the large POF difference, but within the same order, for gravity QW can be explained by the difference of the input design factors because of the poor input data information.