• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.192-196
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• 1990

Eleven herbicides were treated in soybean fields of Dukso and Yeoncheon in Gyeonggi province. These herbicides were classified by two-dimensional ordination analysis based on important values of the weed flora which were obtained after application of herbicides. Weed community types were E. crus-galli(56%)-D. adscendens (14%) -C. album (10%)-P. oleracea (8%) and P. oleracea (58%)-E. crus-galli (29%) -A. mangostanus (5%) -D. adscendens (3%), respectively. From soybean field at Dukso, 11 weed community types or 11 herbicide groups were obtained. And at Yeoncheon, 9 weed community types or 9 herbicide groups were classified. At treated blocks with clomazone and bentazon, C. amuricus and E. crus-galli dominated respectively. And at treated blocks with quizalofop, haloxifop and alloxydium, P. oleracea dominated remarkably. The herbicides classification by the two-dimensional ordination analysis could be used more effectively to selecting herbicides for reciprocal and systematic weed control than by similarity analysis.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.31-50
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• 2005

The perspectives on the gender equality are various. Therefore the relationship between social policy and gender equality must be thought in the sense of the following question: What kind of gender equality pursue social policy? In spite of the mentioned question the mainstreaming discussion about the relationship between social policy and gender equality focuses on how a social policy leads to gender inequality. The debate about the perspective with which social policy pursues to conglomerate or abolish gender inequality is not popular. In this study the Korean National Pension System is analysed according to the gender neutral approach, the gender recognition approach, the gender reconstruction approach and the gender reinforcement approach. As a result, the Korean National Pension System has a character as a gender neutral approach. Therefore the critics on the National Pension System should focus on this perspective. In the future, when the pension credit system, the guarantee of right to pension in the case of divorce and the basic pension guarantee would be introduced, the Korean National Pension System could be featured as a field of social policy that has a gender recognition approach.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.389-396
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• 2016

This article aims to help improve day care qualitatively to offer base data for applying the standard childcare curriculum and improve the management, by analyzing the teacher's recognition, organization and management on the 3rd standard childcare curriculum. For this, we examined teacher's recognition, organization and management on the 3rd standard childcare curriculum and determined how much a teacher of an infant class and a teacher of a young children class conduct for every sector. A questionnaire was prepared to study the recognition, organization and management on the $3^{rd}$ standard childcare curriculum and the selected study subjects were educare teachers in G-do. T-test and one-way analysis of variance were conducted with the collected research data. The study results are as follows. First, the educare teachers mostly recognized the $3^{rd}$ standard childcare curriculum. Second, they were properly organizing and managing the 3rd standard childcare curriculum. Third, all the teachers of an infant class and a young children class were conducting the $3^{rd}$ standard childcare curriculum for every sector.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.535-541
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• 2016

This study aimed to identify dose reduction measures by retrospectively analyzing the entrance surface dose at computed tomography and angiography in cardiovascular examination and to contribute the patients with renal impairmend and a high probability of side effects to determine the inspection's direction by measuring the contrast usages actually to active actions for the dose by actually measuring the contrast medium dose. The CTDIvol value and air kerma value, which are the entrance surface doses of the two examinations, and the contrast medium dose depending on the number of slides were compared and analyzed. This study was conducted in 21 subjects (11 males; 10 females) who underwent Cardiac Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA) and Coronary Angiography (CAG) in this hospital during the period from May 2014 to May 2016. The subject's age was 48~85 years old (mean $65{\pm}10$ years old), and the weight was 37.6~83.3 kg (mean $63{\pm}6kg$). Dose reduction could be expected in the cardiovascular examination using CCTA rather than in the examination using CAG. In terms of contrast medium dose, CAG used a smaller dose than CCTA. In particular, as the number of slides increases at CAG, the contrast medium dose increases. Therefore, in order to reduce the contrast medium dose, the number of slides suitable for the scan range must be selected.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.268-272
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• 2007

우리나라는 아시아몬순지역에 속하면서 수도작을 주로 하는 지역으로 오래전부터 저수지나 보를 만들어 농업용수를 공급하여 왔으며, 이러한 농업용수의 사용에 대해서는 관행적으로 수리권을 보호해왔다. 그러나 최근 그동안 안정적으로 보호되던 농업용수의 기득 수리권에 대한 재검토와 농업용수의 이용에 따른 사회 경제적 요소의 편익을 기준으로 하는 물 이용의 우선순위 재조정논의가 제기되고 있는데 이는 국가전체 물 수요와 농촌지역사회의 변화 등에 기인한 것이다. 농업용수의 개발과 이용이 기존의 농업생산기반 확충 위주에서 농촌 삶의 질 향상 차원의 농촌 개발로 농업 농촌정책의 방향이 전환되고 있으며, 이와 더불어 농촌의 생활용수, 환경용수, 관광용수, 지역용수 등 농업용수 외의 수자원 수요가 증대하고 있다. 즉 지금까지 농업용수는 주로 농촌의 관개용수 위주로 개발 공급되어 왔으나 농촌지역의 생활양식의 변화 및 생활수준의 향상과 더불어 위생적이고 편리한 생활용수 및 공업용수 등 다양한 목적의 농업(농촌)용수의 수요가 증대 되고 있고 이러한 추세가 지속될 것으로 예상된다. 또한 기계화 영농, 직파 재배 등 영농방식의 변화에 따라 농업용수의 수요가 증가되고 있으며, 농업으로 인한 환경오염을 경감시킬 수 있는 환경친화적인 농업이 요구되고 있어 농촌지역의 한정된 수자원을 합리적으로 이용하여 21세기 물부족 사태에 대비할 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 우리나라에서도 이미 낙동강, 영산강, 섬진강 유역과 남부 해안 및 도서지역의 가뭄이 심각해지는 등 물 부족 문제로 국토 균형개발이 곤란해지는 문제가 발생하고 있다. 이러한 여건 변화 속에서 지속가능발전위원회의 제67회 국정과제보고회의(2005년 10월 19일)에서는 농업용수 10% 절약 대책과 유역단위의 통합적 물 관리를 요구하게 되었다. 우리나라는 현실적으로 매년 홍수 피해가 발생하고 있지만, 다른 한편 인구밀도가 높고 1인당 가용 수자원이 상대적으로 적기 때문에 국지적 물 부족 문제를 경험하고 있다. 최근 국제적으로도 농업용수의 물 낭비 최소화와 절약 노력 및 타 분야 물 수요 증대에 대한 대응 능력 제고가 매우 중요한 과제로 부각되고 있다. 2006년 3월 멕시코에서 개최된 제4차 세계 물 포럼에서 국제 강 네트워크는 "세계 물 위기의 주범은 농경지", "농민들은 모든 물 위기 논의에서 핵심"이라고 주장하고, 전 프랑스 총리 미셀 로카르는 "...관개시설에 큰 문제점이 있고 덜 조방적 농업을 하도록 농민들을 설득해야 한다. 이는 전체 농경법을 바꾸는 문제..."(segye.com, 2006. 3. 19)라고 주장하는 등 세계 물 문제 해결을 위해서는 농업용수의 효율적 이용 관리가 중요함을 강조하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 국내외 여건 및 정책 환경 변화에 적극적으로 대처하고 물 분쟁에 따른 갈등해소 전략 수립과 효율적인 물 배분 및 이용을 위한 기초연구로서 농업용수 수리권과 관련된 법 및 제도를 분석하였다.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.91-113
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• 2002

We report and analyze the Korean physicians' recent general strike over the implementation of the Separation of Prescribing and Dispensing Practice (SPDP) in which more than 18,000 private clinics and 280 hospitals participated. Utilizing game-theoretic models of bargaining we explain why the Korean physicians were so successful in organizing intense collective action against the government and securing very favorable policy outcomes. In particular, we highlight the role of distributional conflict among social actors in shaping the details of institutional reform. The introduction of the SPDP was a necessary first step in the overall reform of health care system in Korea. However, the SPDP was perceived to be a serious threat to the economic viability of their profession by the vast majority of Korean physicians who had long been relied on the profits from selling medicines to compensate for the loss of income due to the low service fee under the previous health care system. The strong political coalition among heterogeneous physicians enabled them to organize an intense form of collective action, the general strike. Thus, physicians were successful not only in dragging the government to a bargaining table, but also winning in the bargaining and securing an outcome vastly favorable to them. On the other hand, the lack of an overall reform plan in the health care policy area, especially the finance of the National Health Insurance and the need for maintaining an image as a successful reform initiator, motivated the government to reach a quick resolution with the striking physicians.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 1992

우리나라는 1960년대의 경제개발계획에 따른 공업화 시축의 추진으로 산업의 발달과 경제성장은 인구를 도시로 집중시키면서 도시건축물은 대형화, 고층화, 과밀화 현상을 가져왔다. 한편, 국민생활의 향상과 산업활동의 다양화로 화재발생의 주요원인이 되는 전기, 가스, 유류등의 사용량이 해마다 늘어나고 있어 화재의 위험을 가중시키고 있다. 최근 10연간('81~'90) 전국에서 발생한 화재사고는 9만 5,154건이 발생하여 인명피해 1만1,117명, 재산피해 1,859억 2,200만원의 많은 손실을 가져 왔으며, 이 중에는 서울에서 발생한 화재가 3만6,089건으로 전체의 37.9%을 차지하고 있다. 화재가 발생할 경우 대형 참사를 방지하고 귀중한 인명피해는 물론 경제적 손실을 최저로 줄일 수 있는 소방시설을 도시건축물에 설치하여 이에 대비하는 것이 무엇보다 귀중한 일이다. 이는 화재예방 또는 발생 초기에 이를 감지, 통보하고 피난하며 소화활동에 이르는 모든 방재 및 소화를 위한 소방시설의 유용성을 최대로 발휘할 수 있기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 서울특별시를 중심으로 도시건축물에 설치된 소방시설의 유지 관리 실태와 화재시 소방시설의 이용실태를 분석하여 문제점을 도출하고 이에 대한 개선방향을 제시하므로서 예방소방행정의 발전을 기하고저 하였으며, 그 내용을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 제1장에서는 서론부분으로서 연구의 목적과 범위및 접근 방법을 서술하였고, 제2장에서는 도시소방행정의 특성 및 소방환경의 변화로 먼저 소방행정의 의의와 도시소방행정의 유형으로 예방소방과 진압소방 그리고 구급.구조업무등을 살피고. 도시소방환경변화에 따른 화재발생추세를 살펴 보았다. 제3장에서는 도시건축물에 설치하는 소방시설의 설치.유지 및 이용실태를 검사.분석하였다. '90년도 서울시내 소방서에서 실시한 소방대상물에 대한 소방검사와 방화관리자에 대한 설문조사를 실시하여 소방시설의 유지관리실태를 통계.분석한 결과, 소방시설이 양호한 소방대상물은 전체의 75.9%이며, 불량소방대상물은 24.1%로 나타났다. 그리고 화재가 발생한 소방검사대상물에 대한 화재현장 조사결과 화재시 소방시설을 사용한 소방대상물은 전체의 72.1%를 차지하고 있다. 제4장에서 는 소방시설의 문제점으로 \circled1 소방설비부실공사, \circled2 소방시설 유지관리능력부족, \circled3 소방검사제도 불합리등이며, 이에 대한 개선방향으로 \circled1 소방설비 시공자의 지도. 감독강화, \circled2 자체시설관리능력향상, \circled3 예방소방행정제도의 개선을 제시하였다. 제5장은 결론으로, 우리나라가 최근 경제성장과 산업의 발달로 도시건축물의 화재발생 위험이 가중되면서 이에 대한 소방안전대비책이 요구된다. 이에는 도시건축물에 방화시설과 소방시설을 완비하고, 그리고 자격있고 유능한 방화관리자 선임하여 자체 소방계획을 수립하여 시설점검, 정비와 유지관리를 철저히 한다면 어떠한 화재도 예방 또는 초기에 진압할 수 있고, 또한 입주검자에 대한 소방교육 및 훈련을 지속적으로 수행하여 나간다면 여하한 도시건축물의 소방안전도 그 목적을 달성하리라고 생각한다.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.247-291
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• 2018

This study investigates the employment structure and the social safety net experience of the subcontracting cleaning workers in Korea, who have been main targets of the labor outsourcing despite the necessity and permanence of their labour. This study specifically focuses on the fact that these subcontracting cleaning workers are mostly female and in their old age, and analyzes how the combination of their age, gender, and employment structure leads to the (mis)match with the Korean social security system. Case study with in-dept interview method has been conducted to the old-aged female subcontracting cleaning workers in Korea. The result of this study is as follows. It was the income insecurity that led them to (re)enter the labour market, and the cleaning work was the almost the only wage work they could do considering their age and gender. Cleaning workers are mostly employed in the subcontracting company, and thus their labour contracts depend on the business contract period between the original and subcontracting company. Consequently, their employment relationship is mostly insecure unless they are guaranteed employment succession through the collective agreement of trade union. Moreover, it has been discovered that the employment insecurity due to the indirect employment relationship led to the poor labour conditions, low wage, and the exclusion from the social safety net.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.227-256
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• 2016

This study examines whether formal home care has led to a reduction in family member's allocation of time to care of elderly and changing the allocation of other time: informal care, market work, leisure, etc. Long-term care for the elderly is not the entire burden of elderly families anymore due to the increasing of the formal home care service for elderly since mid-2000's. This study uses triple difference(DDD) methods for evaluating policy reforms when reforms are equally and nation-wide accessible and analyzes data from the 2004 and 2009 Time Use Survey Data of the National Statistical Office in Korea. The treatment group is composed of the families of the elderly who need care and low- and middle- income family. Controlling for demographic characters, the three-way interaction term has statically significant and negative impact on care time of family members in treatment group statistically significant. The results reveal that the policy changes in elderly home care service affect time allocation of family members with old adults, which decreases caregiving time in a daily life. This result becomes apparent when we limit the case of women. But the level of reduction is not enough to change other kinds of time-informal care, market work, leisure, etc. The results indicate that formal home care for the elderly can reduce the burden of caregiving in families, but only minimally.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.125-141
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• 2024

This study is conducted to review issues related to the use of the Simple Agreement for Future Equity(SAFE), which has been introduced as one of the venture investment methods in Korea since 2020, and to suggest policy implications for facilitating the utilization of this investment method. With the recent rapid decline in venture investment, private venture investment associations little use the SAFE in recent years. However, after adopting the SAFE, Korean's SAFE have been utilized mainly by policy financial institutions, and it is evaluated that the system has been revitalized to some extent, with some private venture investment associations also utilizing the SAFE. The results of comparing the SAFE with other equity investment contracts, the additional risk rate related to the failure of follow-up investment is estimated to be approximately 1.8%p. This shows that the additional risk is not greater than the advantages of the SAFE. In other words, it can be judged at a level where it is possible to offset advantages of the SAFE that investors must bear with the additional risks, which shows that there are less burden in terms of using the SAFE. In light of the fact that the venture investment ecosystem can become more active as various venture investment methods are developed and utilized, it is necessary to actively utilize the SAFE method to support start-up companies.