• 한국조리학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.118-132
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the preference and awareness of bakery menu addition in military foodservice. The results were as follow: 35.2% of the respondents replied that they ate baking menu 4 times a week before the Army enterence. Bakery consmued most frequently were franchise bakery and following by in-store bakery. Instead of the Army's square meal, bakery menu was supplied 2 times a week. 91% of respondent answered 'Like' for baking product. 94% of respondents prefered the square meal to the square meal plus bakery menu. Above respondents would like to have bakery menu 4 times a week, for having a breakfast, between meals or late-night meals. The favorite bakery menu was cakes in the military foodservice. As a result of awareness about bakery menu, Bageteu's awareness was the highest. Finally, this study showed that addition of bakery menu in military foodservice as well as other foodservice were needed.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2013

A preburner is one of the key components for a staged combustion cycle engine fueled by kerosene and Lox. Since it has oxygen rich combustion inside, temperature control is very crucial. The temperature of the exhaust gas should be low enough not to burn turbine blade and yet high to keep the efficiency high. In addition temporal and spatial deviations also managed strictly. Conventionally, the required average and maximum temperature are determined by engine system and the preburner should be developed to meet the criteria. Currently being developed preburner has 50K spatial temperature deviation requirement. It was estimated by numerical simulations and proven by tests. The numerical analysis were done with both supercritical condition and normal conditions. The tests results showed that the temperature deviations were less than expected, and the results from the test and simulations were well agreed when the supercritical conditions were considered. Above all, since the gas temperature created by the preburner is very stable with minimum deviation, the preburner developed can be used to drive a turbine and for gas-liquid combustion chambers.

• 동굴
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• 제74호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2006

기술과학기술시추동경제여사회발전적동력, 촉진국제과기교류여합작시추동동북아지구경제발전적중요도경지일. 정부화민간적과기교류여합작시국제과기교류여합작적양익, 양자상호보충(兩者相互補充), 결일불가(缺一不可), 위촉진동북아지구경제여사회적발전, 건의(建議) : 충분발휘대학재동북아지구과기교류여합작중적주도작용 ; 충분발휘요저성재동북아지구과기교류여합작중적중요작용.

• 월간포장계
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• 통권215호
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• pp.55-69
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• 2011

우수디자인(GOOD DESIGN)은 산업디자인진흥법에 의거, 상품의 외관, 기능, 재료, 경제성 등을 종합적으로 심사해 디자인의 우수성이 인정된 상품에 GOOD DESIGN 마크를 부여하는 제도로 지난 1985년부터 시행하고 있다. 지식경제부가 주최하고 한국디자인진흥원이 주관하는 굿 디자인은 우수한 디자인상품을 선정 장려함으로써 상품의 디자인개발을 촉진하고 독창적이고 우수한 상품디자인을 개발하여 상품의 경쟁력 강화를 통한 수출증대와 국민경제 발전에 기여해 나가고 있다. 우수디자인(GOOD DESIGN)은 제품디자인, 포장디자인, 환경디자인, 커뮤니케이션디자인, 소재표면처리디자인, 건축디자인 패션디자인, 패션디자인 등의 부문으로 나뉘어 선정, 시상하고 있다. 포장디자인의 경우 우리 생활에 사용 및 유통되는 모든 포장상품으로 환경보호 측면과 폐기물 처리과정, 재활용성 등을 고려한 포장의 기능과 디자인이 우수한 상품을 중심으로 선정하고 있으며, 제과류, 화장품류, 의약품류, 주류, 음료, 농 축 수산물, 가전제품류, 생활용품류, 잡화 등 기타 유통 중인 상품을 대상으로 시상하고 있다. 매년 대통령상 1점을 포함해 국무총리상 2점, 대상(지식경제부장관상) 6점, 최우수상(조당청장상) 15점, 우수상(한국디자인진흥원장상) 25점이 선정되며, 특별상으로 국민참여 선정 굿디자인 상품에 대한 시상식도 있다. 또한 대통령상, 국무총리상, 지식경제부장관상을 수상한 상품의 주 디자이너 및 디자인팀을 대상으로 우수디자이너상도 시상하고 있다. 본 고에서는 지난 해 2010 우수디자인(GD)상품 455점 가운데 포장디자인 부분 수상작들을 살펴보도록 한다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.185-191
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• 1997

The effects of five hydrated emulsifiers with or without specified proteins (flour, egg) and/or polydextrose on the reduced-calorie cake as baked product model systems were compared. The small molecule amphiphiles (SMA) used were monoglycerides (MG), sorbitan monostearate (SMS), polysorbate (PS) 60, sucrose ester (SE) F7O, and SE Fl60. All flour batters with each emulsifier and supplements had similar low foam drainages (0.00∼1.03$m\ell$) indicating those systems were fairly stable in the presence of flour protein. The cake batter using starch instead of flour without egg and polydextrose and with some emulsifiers had relatively large amount of drainages (4.20∼5.87$m\ell$). When the egg and polydextrose were added to the blank cake batters using starch, foam drainages tended to show relatively low scores (0.13∼1.48$m\ell$) indicating the cake batter dispersion system is stabilized. Starch cakes made with SE F70 without egg or polydextrose(blank) unexpectedly had high volume index of 199.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2013

흑미분말 소프트 쿠키의 제과 적성을 파악하고자 쿠키 제조시 흑미 분말 첨가량을 3%, 6%, 9% 첨가하여 제조한 후 쿠키의 물리적 관능적 특성을 평가하였다. 흑미 분말 쿠키의 비체적은 대조구와 첨가구 사이에 유의차가 보이지 않았으며 반죽 내 수분함량에 의해 결정되는 퍼짐성은 첨가량이 증가할수록 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 색도 측정결과 첨가량이 증가할수록 L값은 감소하였으며, a값과 b값은 증가하였다. 특히 a값은 시료 간 유의차가 크게 나타났다. 관능검사 결과 쿠키가 맛, 풍미, 색깔, 조직감 등에서 흑미 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 높은 값을 나타내었으며 전체적 수용도에서 6% 첨가구에서 가장 높은 선호도를 나타내었다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.13-36
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to understand how the employee satisfaction effect to their turnover trends through the survey on the employee satisfaction and the turnover trend in the pastry and bakery department on the objection of the employee of the bakers of the luxurious hotels in Seoul area. The study was selected to study the luxurious hotels located in Seoul area and make the objection of the employee in the pastry and bakery kitchen. As the contents of the assumption of the study, the independent variable was ' the pastry and bakery employee's organizational factor ', and the dependant variables were ' job satisfaction of the pastry and bakery employee ', ' turnover trends of the pastry and bakery employee ' and implicates the comparison and the mutual relationship between variables to shows the confirmation of them. As the measurement tools, it adopted the reliability analysis, the technical statistics analysis, the frequency analysis, cross-section analysis and on the verification of the assumption, it was used linear regression analysis. The result of the study showed that the satisfaction degree toward the work schedule showed to be as the personal elements while the systematic organizational establishment and the management policy, the work capacity and the job placement, the cooperation with other parts and the operation of the work time showed to be as the organizational elements. The job satisfaction elements showed as the satisfaction on the system and the rule of the job, the satisfaction on the right and belonging, the satisfaction on the achievement and the communication. As regarded to the job turnover, the turnover intention concerned the opportunity, disappointment of assignment, general complaint, and work condition. Those were shown to be elements of the job satisfaction and the turnover of the employee. And also, that were necessary to manage the job satisfaction and the turnover of the employee concerning these factors.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.237-241
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• 2016

2016년 4월부터 6월까지 제주특별자치도에 위치한 대중음식점, 커피전문점 및 제과 제빵점 등에서 제공하는 일회용 물티슈를 대상으로 미생물의 오염도를 평가하였다. 사용된 재료는 일회용 물티슈 55종을 사용하였다. 대중음식점 일회용 물티슈 55종의 평균 세균 수는 $4.14{\times}10^3CFU/mL$이었으며, 세균이 자라지 않은 물티슈는 5종이었다. 가장 높게 측정된 세균 수는 2종의 물티슈에서 $16.67{\times}10^3CFU/mL$ 이상으로 나타났다. 순수 분리한 총 균수는 71균주이며, 이 중 황색포도알균(Staphylococcus aureus) 15균주, 녹농균(Pseudomonas aeruginosa) 3균주를 동정하였다. 이는 대중음식점에서 공급하는 물티슈의 세균 오염도가 심각하다는 것을 반영하며 기회감염의 원인이 되는 Staphylococcus aureus와, Pseudomonas aeruginosa가 발견된 것은 주목할 만하다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구를 통해 한 번 사용 후 버리는 일회용품이며, 수개월 내지는 1~2년 보관하면서 사용하는 제품인 일회용 물티슈의 위생관련 기준 마련에 기초자료를 제공하고 대중음식점 등에 대한 위생관리 감독 강화와 개선방안 및 개인 위생관리 및 국민보건 수준향상에 기여 하고자 한다

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 1998

It has been studied that the measurement of odor component emission at confectionery manufacture. The objects of this study were to investigate reduction of offensive odor. The survey effects of odorous materials are presented as follows. The countermeasure of operating process is to minimize sludge sediment in each unit facility. Especially, in summer, we have to clean the sludge frequently, because anaerobic decomposing is likely to occur easily. The sludge or scum from sedimentation tank pond, and floating tank should be treated quickly. We should avoid overloading operation. In the case of overloading, dissolved oxygen should be increased, the quality of wastewater input should be decreased. When dried cakes from condense tank or floating tank are left in treatment plant, we should cover, to prevent diffusion of smell with masking materials. The seasonal condition of operating should be fixed and the kind of coagulants should be changed because the wastewater in each season have different loading rates and organic materials. Odorous materials are very sensitive to the seasonal temperature variation. Especially, when the amount of rainfall is small and the high temperature of maintenance in long periods, air diffusion rate is large, so odorous materials can make great effect on surroundings comparision with other periods. To reduce odorous gas, as short term method, we had better take ceramic addition method. Especially, in summer we should take ceramic addition method. Also, as long term method, the size of wastewater treatment facility is the most important in the normal operating of wastewater treatment facility. But wastewater treatment facilities in this factory are too old, treatment process is old fashion, and the size is too small. So, large wastewater quantity to treat in summer. As results, the expansion of wastewater treatment facility and the process of improvement are required. Restriction level of odor was exceed. As it is overloaded in summer, the basis cause of odor is that the size of wastewater treatment facility is small. The prediction of air quality equilibrium density variation show that the odorous materials from working place are Amine materials whose smell strength is about 2.5(a little strong degree). We can suppose that in summer is sensitive to temperature variation, smell strength is larger as to reduce the origin of odor. We must expand wastewater treatment facility and improve the process A.S.A.P.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.191-206
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• 1987

금강을 통하여 연간 평균 64억톤의 담수가 유입되는 금강 하구(Keum River Estuary)는 총 유출량의 60%이상이 여름에 집중되어, 건기(low-descharge period) 및 우기(high-discharge period)가 뚜렷이 구별되는 강하구 환경(estuarine environment)을 이루고 있다. 금강 하구는 우기중 일부를 제외한 전 기간에서 높은 SPM(Suspended Particulate Matter)이 형성되기도 한다(Lee and Kim, 1987). Photosynthesis는, 금강하구가 금강, 생활 하수등을 통한 공급으로 영양염들이 항상 충분히 존재하는 환경임에도 불구하고, SPM의 농도가 매우 낮았던 우기중에만 활 발히 진행되었다. 이는 금강하구에 있어서, SPM의 농도가 빛에너지 차단 등을 통하 여 일차 생산 활동의 진행 여부를 결정짓는 가장 중요한 요인으로 작용하고 있기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. Nitrification은 건기중 무기질 화합물들과 관련되어 진행되 는 가장 중요한 respiration 작용으로서, SPM이 높은 지역에서 활발히 진행되고 있 었으며, turbidity maximum형태에 따라 크게 두가지 형(ammonia-nitrite산화과정 및 ammonia-nitrate 산화 과정)이 관측되었다.Nitrate생성은 turbidity maximum이 매우 좁은 지역안에 형성되었던 시기에 이 구간내에서 관측되었고, Nitrate 생성은 turbidity maximum 이 강하구 전역에 걸쳐 넓게 형성되었던 시기에 강 하구 전역 에서 진행되고 있었다. 이것은 수괴가 높은 SPM지역에 머무를 수 있는 시간에 따 라 반응 형태가 좌우되어, 이 시간이 짧은 경우에 nitrete까지, 충분히 긴 경우에는 nitrate까지 ammonia가 산화되기 때문에 나타난 결과로 생각된다.