• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.492-496
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• 2010

This experiment was carried out to obtain the maximum quantity of essential oil on the basis of harvesting time, cultivation regions & types, and drying methods. We have selected 6 native and introduced herbs viz. $Thymus$ $quinquecostatus$, $Agastache$ $rugosa$, $Chrysanthemum$ $indicum$, $Rosmarinus$ $officinalis$, $Chamaemelum$ $nobile$, and $Lavandula$ $stoechas$. The quantity of essential oil ranged from 0.06% to 3.46% in all six herbs. Native herbs produce 30.5% higher quantity of oil in comparison to introduced herbs. The quantity of essential oil obtained from $Lavandula$ $stoechas$ was 3.46%, followed by $Rosmarinus$ $officinalis$ 2.89%, while minimum in $Agastache$ $rugosa$ 0.60%. Higher quantity of essential oil obtained if they are cultivated under rain shelter culture (PE film) in comparison to open field conditions. Recovery of essential oil is always high if herbs flower in July. Semi-alpine region was found better than the plain region for herbs production. Quantity of oil is high if oil is extracted from fresh herbs followed by freezed herbs, shade dry and hot wind dry herbs. As far as plant part is concern flower produced maximum oil than any other part.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 2002

In order to artificially increase the contents of essential oils from 4 different trees by inducing with elicitors, 5 kinds of chemical elicitors and 4 kinds of biotic elicitors were selected. Before treatment, the contents of essential oils from Japanese Cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), Sawara cypress (Chamaecyparis pisifera), Japanese Red Pine (Pinus densiflora), and Korean Pine (Pinus koraiensis) were 2.0, 1.6, 0.4, and 0.7 percent, respectively, and the maximum content of essential oils from all species were reached in July. By most of elicitors, the essential oil content was generally increased after 6 months later, but some of elicitors did not affect the content of essential oil. Finally, the appropriate inducers for artificially increasing the essential oil were respectively selected depending on each species; Schizophyllum commune Fries for Japanese Red Pine and Japanese Cypress, hydrogen peroxide for Korean Pine, and ${\beta}-pyridone$ for Sawara cypress. Especially, hydrogen peroxide and ${\beta}-pyridone$ could be wide spread inducer for all 4 species.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 1999

This study was carried out to compare the essential oil and its composition, and estragol content at different growth stages in the local collections of A. rugosa. Estragol was the major constituent in essential oil of all collections tested. Estragol content in essential oil was $82.3{\sim}89.1%$ in leaves, $81.1{\sim}89.2%$ in inflorescence, $72.0{\sim}45.2%$ in stem and there was no significant difference among nine local colletions. At full bloom stage, essential oil content was significantly higher than other growth stages and the highest content of estragol in essential oil was appeared at this stage. Especially, the content of essential oil in the inflorescence of Mokpo collection was 3.3%, which was the highest among the collections. Mokpo and Jindo collections produced much more essential oil and estragol than the other collections both at full bloom and ripening stages.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.513-518
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• 2000

Volatile flavor components of Angelica gigas Nakai affected by different storage time and temperature were investigated. The aroma compounds was extracted by a simultaneous distillation and extraction method using a Likens and Nickerson's apparatus. The concentrated extract was analyzed and identified by GC and GC-MS equipped polar and nonpolar column. The yields of volatile concentrates of Angelica gigas Nakai by low temperature storage were larger than those by room temperature storage. The GC patterns of the flavor components of both resembled but the peak area of each flavor compounds was little different. Main volatile flavor components of Angelica gigas Nakai by using polar column were ${\alpha}-pinene$, ${\beta}-pinene$, terpineol, farnesol, cadinene, guaiol, isolongifolene and eudesmol etc. Main volatile flavor components of Angelica gigas Nakai by using nonpolar column were camphene, ${\beta}-pinene$, elemol, eudesmol etc.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.314-318
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• 1997

This experiment was carried out to analyze the essential oils from different parts of Perilla frutescens spp. And to know change of the oil content by a diffenent leaf picking time. The analysis of the essential oils was done with gas chromatography(GC),and the results are as follows. Perilla frutescens spp. contained essential oils mostly in their leaves and stems, although their roots also contained the oils. It was suggested that the optimum leaf-picking time of perilla frutescens var. viridis Mak. on the basis of total essential oils was their flowering period around Aug. 24, and that of Perilla frutescens var. for acuta Kudo was Sep. 14. On the basis of perillaldegyde the optium leaf-picking time of Perilla frutescens var. viridis Mak. and Perilla frutescens var. acuta Kudo was Aug. 24. and Aug. 4. respectively.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.696-700
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• 2010

Thirty-one units of pure rosemary essential oil (EO) in domestic and foreign distribution markets were collected. Aromatic components of these samples were analyzed and antioxidant activity was measured. As the result, major aromatic components were identified such as ${\alpha}$-pinene, camphene, ${\beta}$-pinene, 1.8-cineole, verbenone and borneol. Major components of rosemary EO were different according to countries. Essential oil from France had good quality. Essential oil cultivated and extracted in South Korea had more content than the collected essential oil in components of ${\alpha}$-pinene and camphene. Only 16% of the total 31 unit samples satisfied the content of 9 ingredients presented by ISO. The quality of EDA was shown as 4.8-96.0%, remarkable differences per specimen. A total of 31 units, only 13% of EO showed more than 60% antioxidant activity. Difference of antioxidant activity did not correspond with specific component. Essential oil from Swiss had high antioxidant activity.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 1996

These studies were conducted to know the any differences in growth characteristics and root quality due to flower color and culture periods in Chinese bellflower. White flowered lines had tendency of increasing in growth characters such as stem numbers, capsule numbers and seed yield per plant, plant height, and root characters such as root weight, root length and root diameter even though statistically not significant. No differences were observed in saponin and essential oil contents between them. Three years old plants had more stems and capsules per plants, root weight and root length than two years old plants while no difference in saponin and essential oil contents between them. Saponin content was gradually decreased while essential oil content was clearly lowed in the roots from plants cultured more than 3 years even though no differences in stem and capsule numbers per plant and plant height.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.264-269
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• 1997

This study was conducted to evaluate appropriate selenate ion concentration for the production of high functional vegetables. Sodium selenate was treated 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8mg/$\ell$ using herb nutrient solution developed by European R & D Vegetable Center in Belgium. Low level of Na2se04 concentration increased the growth of wormwood, but high selenate concentration decreased the growth. Total chlorophyll content was increased by sodium selenate. The higher selenate ion concentration in the nutrient solution, the more total chlorophyll content was. The vitamin C content in wormwood was high at 2 and 4mg/$\ell$ treatment, showing good growth, at higher concentration, however, the vitamin C content decreased. At 4mg/$\ell$ selenate ion concentration, essential oil content of wormwood was best. But higher selenate ion concentration decreased essential oil content. The uptake of Se by the plant increased with the increase of selenate ion concentration.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 2001

This experiment was carried out to investigate watering with relation to growth, quality and yield of essential oil in sweet basil. The degree of water stress was taken as amount of watering. D1 was watered with 25mL for 2 weeks and 30mL from 4 to 5 weeks after planting in Wagner pot (1/20000a, ${\phi}24cm$). As this, 75mL and 90mL, 225mL and 270mL, and 675mL and 810mL were watered in D2, D3, and D4 treatment respectively. DFT was set up as water stress was not inflicted. The growth of basil in D3 and D4 was better than that of others, in which root activity was as much twice as that of D1. Essential oil of D1 was recorded the lowest content as 0.33%. The result of proline content, peroxidase activity, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and stomatal resistance were proved D1 to be stressed. This treatment consequently increased the content of essential oil. In consideration of growth and essential oil content, D3 treatment was highest as 47.37mg in oil production per plant. Finally, D3 watered with 225mL for 2 weeks and 275mL from 4 to 5 weeks after planting could be selected on the purpose of both plant growth and essential oil production. Essential oil content of sweet basil was increased in response to water stress. For increase of essential oil yield, oil synthesis could be raised by giving water stress just before harvesting.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.235-239
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate a adequate strength of nuttient solution in production of marjoram and oregano by hydroponicsl Two herbs were grown for 40days with the strength of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 dS${\cdot}m^{-1}$ in herb's nutrient solution developed by European Vegetable R & D Center, Belgium. the growth, vitamin C, and essential oil content of marjormam were higher in the treatment of 0.5 dS${\cdot}m^{-1}$ than the other treatments tested. But marjoram growtn with the sstrength of 20. and 3.0 dS${\cdot}m^{-1}$ had the highest mineral contents and essential oil content, respectively. Elevated strength of nutirent solution decreased chlorophyll content. In oregano, the growth was vest in the stength of 0.5, but withered in the strength of 3.0 The chlorophyll content was the lowest in the strength of 0.2dS${\cdot}m^{-1}$, while vitamin C contents had no statistical differences among treatments, Oregano grown with 1.0 dS${\cdot}m^{-1}$had the highest mineral and essential oil content, but the oil yield washighest in the treatment of 0.5 dS ${\cdot}m^{-1}$. In conclusion, the strength of 0.5 dS${\cdot}m^{-1}$ herb's nutrient solution was adequated in production of marjorma and oregano in hydroponicc system.