• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.36-46
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• 2015

Objectives: To understand the risk factors of demographic data in geriatric depression scale, and suicidality among in elderly who live alone at one urban region. Methods:In 2009, 589 elderly who live alone(age${\geq}$65) were carried out a survey about several socio-demographic data, Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale(SGDS-K) and Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ). Statistical analysis was performed for the collected data. Results: Mean age of elderly who live alone is 75.69(SD 6.17). 40.1% of participants uneducated, 31.4% graduate from elementary school, 12.9% graduate from high school, 11.7% graduate from middle school, 3.2% graduate from university. Religionless, having past history of depression or physical diseases, low subjective satisfaction of family situation, and not having any social group activity have significance to depressive symptoms of elderly who live alone. Having past history of depression, religionless, low subjective satisfaction of family situation have significance to suicidality. Especially, low subjective satisfaction of family situation and having past history of depression are powerful demographic factor both depressive symptoms and suicidality of elderly who live alone. Conclusions: When we take care elderly who live alone, we should consider many things, but especially the social support network such as family satisfaction and past history of depression for reducing or preventing their depression and suicide both elderly depression and suicide who live alone.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.137-147
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• 2011

본 연구는 일부지역 장애아동 양육자의 정신과적 문제를 알아보기 위해 우울증 지수를 검사하고 분석함으로서 그 심각성을 확인하고 장애아동 양육자의 정신보건의 필요성을 알리기 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 데 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 2011년 8월부터 9월까지 경주 및 인근지역에서 지적장애아동과 지체장애아동을 둔 전업주부의 정신과적 문제를 알아보기 위해 양육 스트레스로 인한 우울증 정도를 알아보았다. 연구대상자는 3개의 치료기관 및 치료 관련기관에서 지적장애 또는 지체장애 아동을 양육하고 있는 부모 각 20명씩을 대상으로 하였다. 우울증 평가도구는 한국형 우울증 검사(Korean Depression Scale; KDS)를 이용하였다. 결과는 첫째, 지적장애아동과 지체장애아동 양육자 모두 우울증이 있는 것으로 나타났고 각각의 차이 비교에는 유의성이 없었다. 둘째, 지적장애아동과 지체장애아동 양육자의 우울증 세부항목에서는 의욕상실 부분에서만 유의성이 있었다. 셋째, 지적장애아동 양육자의 우울증 세부항목간의 비교에서는 유의성이 있었다. 넷째, 지체장애아동 양육자의 우울증 세부항목간의 비교에서는 유의성이 있었다. 다섯째, 지적장애아동 양육자의 우울증과 세부항목의 상관관계에서는 의욕상실에서 유의한 상관성이 있었다. 여섯째, 지체장애아동 양육자의 우울증과 세부항목의 상관관계에서는 의욕상실에서 유의한 상관성이 있었다. 본 연구에서는 두 장애아동의 양육자간 차이는 없었으며 우울증은 장애유형에 상관없이 모두 나타났다. 그리고 세부항목과 우울증의 상관성에서는 의욕상실에서 유의한 상관성을 보였다. 이것은 장애아동의 양육에서 치료의 지연으로 인한 의욕상실에서 우울증이 많이 유발됨을 알 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.208-219
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• 2001

The pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia exhibits wide inter-individual variabilities in clinical efficacy and adverse effects. Recently, human genetic diversity has been known as one of the essential factors to the variation in human drug response. This suggests that drug therapy should be tailored to the genetic characteristics of the individual. Pharmacogenetics is the field of investigation that attempts to elucidate genetic basis of an individual's responses to pharmacotherapy, considering drug effects divided into two categories as pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The emerging field of pharmacogenomics, which focuses on genetic determinants of drug response at the level of the entire human genome, is important for development and prescription of safer and more effective individually tailored drugs and will aid in understanding how genetics influence drug response. In schizophrenia, pharmacogenetic studies have shown the role of genetic variants of the cytochrome P450 enzymes such as CYP2D6, CYP2C19, and CYP2A1 in the metabolism of antipsychotic drugs. At the level of drug targets, variants of the dopamine $D_2$, $D_3$ and $D_4$, and 5-$HT_{2A}$ and 5-$HT_{2C}$ receptors have been examined. The pharmacogenetic studies in schizophrenia presently shows controversial findings which may be related to the multiple involvement of genes with relatively small effects and to the lack of standardized phenotypes. For further development in the pharmacogenomics of schizophrenia, there would be required the extensive outcome measures and definitions, and the powerful new tools of genomics, proteomics and so on.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.201-208
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• 2023

This study is an empirical research aimed at examining the impact of practical, field-oriented local entrepreneurship education for college students and prospective entrepreneurs in the Busan area on their entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial competencies, and entrepreneurial spirit. The study is conducted to enhance the activation of youth entrepreneurship education in the Busan area and to tailor entrepreneurship competency development for prospective local young entrepreneurs. In this study, the factors of entrepreneurial motivation were divided into economic motivation and self-realization motivation, while entrepreneurial competencies were categorized into practical competencies for local entrepreneurship, local brand development competencies, and financial analysis competencies. To conduct the empirical analysis, a survey was administered to 139 participants who took part in entrepreneurship education from March to October 2023. The research findings indicate that local entrepreneurship education significantly influences participants' entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial competencies, and entrepreneurial spirit. Furthermore, it was observed that entrepreneurial spirit also has a significant impact on entrepreneurial motivation and competencies. These results suggest the practical importance of tailoring entrepreneurship education to the specific characteristics of local prospective entrepreneurs.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.251-256
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out how much research has been done on dream analysis based on S.Freud's psychoanalytic theory, and to suggest the necessity of dream research and follow-up research on dream research. The research method was based on analysis of domestic academic journals from 2019 to 2023, a study on S.Freud's dream analysis. Among them, the data were collected and organized through a keyword classification process from the Research Information Service (RISS) and the Korean Journal Citation Index (KCI). The classification categories were psychoanalysis, domestic academic journals, dream analysis, dream interpretation, dream analysis research trends, and dream research trends. In particular, psychoanalysis, dream analysis, domestic academic journals, and research trends were searched. The conclusion was drawn as follows. First, studies on research trends on dream analysis in domestic academic journals did not occupy a large proportion. Second, the ratio of research trends centered on dream analysis keywords was also significantly low. Third, the use and frequency of dream analysis was low. Fourth, research on Korean testing tools based on dream analysis is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.224-232
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• 1996

The present study was conducted to investigate cognitive characteristics of children with dyslexia and/or attention deficit/hyperacidity disorder. Cognitive characteristics were evaluated by using KEDI-WISC, the Basic Achievement Test, TOVA, MFFT, and neuropsychological tests. ADHD group showed significantly lower level of performance in response time for correct responses and presented variability for correct responses in TOVA. Dyslexia and mixed group showed lower performance in Reading I and Reading II, Writing subtest in the Basic Achievement Test than those of ADHD group and in Information subtest of KEDI-WfSC. In order rd determine the diagnostic effectiveness of each psychological tests, discriminant analysis was conducted. In this analysis, 11 subtests of KEDI-WISC and 4 variables of TOVA, 4 subtests of the Basic Achievement Test, and MFFT, WCST were included as independent variables and each diagnostic roups were dependent variables. Discriminant analysis indicated that overall percentage of correct classification was 93.88%. The clinical implifications and limitations of the present study were listed and discussed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.22 no.4 s.28
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• pp.506-517
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• 1989

Two hundred and fifty teachers of special school (for the disabled) and 414 elementary school teachers were selected for the targets in order to compare their degrees of fatigue symptoms and to find what kind of ralationship is between subjective symptoms of fatigue and pH is the saliva. It was 30 minutes before their closing hours on April 21th, 1989 that their physical, mental and neuro-sensory symptoms and salivary pH were examined. The test results are summarized as fallows : It is observed that an interrelation between subjective fatigue and pH in their saliva shows a significant relationship between physical and neuro-sensory symptoms in a sense of statistics. The rate of subjective fatigue complained by the special teachers is higher than that by the elementary teachers. In the case of salivary pH, the special teachers' is as a whole lower than the elementary teachers'. The complain rates in each item, checked, of special teachers are generally higher than those of the elementary teachers. It is in the mental symptom related item that there are many sub-items which show significant difference. According to the average of salivary pH based on the degrees of complained symptoms shown in the pH related items, the salivary pH of the group with complained symptoms is lower than that of the group without complained symptoms. In the rate of complaints, by sex, both sexes of the special teachers show high ones, but salivary pH is low. The complain rate of mental symptoms shown by female group from the special teacher Is significantly higher(p<0.05). By age, the group in their thirties from the special teachers show the higher complain rate of mental symptoms (29.3%) and the lower salivary pH (p<0.05) than that (15.1%) of the elementary teachers belonging to the same age catagory. However, the special teachers in their forties show the lower complain rate of physical symptoms that of the elementary teachers (p<0.05). From the viewpoint of their working years, the special teachers below 14 years and elementary teachers above 15 years in their career show high complain rates. Among those who belong to the catagory of 10-14 working years, the special teachers show the higher complain rate of mental symptoms than that of their counterparts. In the case of the salivary pH, the special teachers of all working-year catagories show the higher pH than that of the elementary teachers. But there is not significantly difference. From the viewpoint of sleeping hours in the previous night of the questionaire surveyed, among those who slept for over 7 hours, the special teachers show the higher complain rate of mental symptoms with a significant difference, but the lower salivary pH than that of their counterparts. From the viewpoint of their marital status, existence of disease history, the special teachers show the higher complain rate of subjective fatigue, but the lower salivary pH than that of the elementary teachers respectively. According to the above results, the special teachers generally show the higher complain rate of subjective fatigue, the lower salivary pH, and the higher complain rate of mental symptoms. To prevent the possible accumulation of mental fatigue of the special teachers, ways and means to make use of leisure time, recreational facilities are necessarily provided. Since the degree of fatigue and salivary pH have a correlation to some extent, it is necessary that further continuous studies on the correlation between the degrees of fatigue and salivary pH should be pursued.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2016

Younger starters to be ready on the entrepreneurial performance and raising and producing potential creative person who demonstrates entrepreneurial spirit are not only important factor for added value creation along with national growth but also economic development to join the ranks of advanced countries. Thereby, a lots of interests and supports are focused in entrepreneurship and the startup activities. However, to create business achievement, we should nurture successful entrepreneurship based on using infrastructure in entrepreneurial ecosystem induced by aggressive investments and supports of the policy. Therefore, this study is empirical test of 203 young CEO of techniques which possibly create added value and national development, inventive type in knowledge service and opportunity type. Research finding is that entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial preparation have meaningful effects on the performance and the ready state. Entrepreneurship has no direct effects on entrepreneurial infra system. Entrepreneurial preparation has meaningful effects on entrepreneurial infra system. We induced that it is hard to earn business achievement by only using entrepreneurial infra system in that entrepreneurial infra system has no effect on business achievement. Lastly, entrepreneurship infra system has no relationship as mediating effects with effects of entrepreneurship on business achievement in mediating effect test. While young CEOs with entrepreneurship create business achievement without using entrepreneurship infra, entrepreneurship infra has relationship as mediating effect with effect of entrepreneurial preparation on business achievement. Namely, we induced the result that using entrepreneurship infra aggressively improve achievement in entrepreneurial preparation. Through this study, we need entrepreneurship education for young CEOs and effort to develop entrepreneur's competence to improve achievement and we concluded that approaching systematically in entrepreneurial preparation and using various entrepreneurship infra aggressively are important factors to improve achievement.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.143-154
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine cognitive and psychological characteristics of patients with military service suitability issues compared to the general psychiatric outpatients. Methods : 108 patients who visited psychiatric clinic center due to military service suitability issues and 80 general psychiatric patients were recruited from the Department of Psychiatry of university hospital. ANCOVA and chi-equare test were used to examine differences between two groups. Furthermore, we utilized paired t-test to compare the scrore within military group depending on when they performed the psychological assessment. Results : There were no significant differences between military group and general outpatient group in WAIS-IV scores. However, military group scored remarkably higher than control group on validity scales, F-r and Fp-r whereas they scored lower on validity scale, K-r. Furthermore, military group showed significantly higher on BDI and MMPI-2-RF, EID, RCd, RC2, RC3, COG, HLP, SFD, NFC, STW, SAVE, SHY, DSF, NEGE-r, INTR-r. As a result of comparison within the military group following the periods of assessment, military group did not show the significant differences on the overall scales of MMPI-2-RF. Conclusions : The present study showed that military group tends to report their psychological distress more exaggeratedly. In addition, they had significantly elevated not only emotional distress such as depression and anxiety but interpersonal problem. The implications and limitations were discussed along with some suggestions for the future studies.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.175-185
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• 2015

This article focuses on an analysis of entrepreneurship education programs at U.S. college and universities in order to determine distinctive features of those programs. To this end, we delved into the entrepreneurship programs including Martin Trust Center for MIT, Harvard University VIP program, Polsky Center of Chicago University and Stanford University program. By analyzing major roles, curriculums, and characteristics of the programs, three types of distinctive features emerged. The first feature is dynamic education-focused programs, which provide students with opportunities for applying what they have learned through startup competitions. The second is local-based programs, which take the lead in local startups by focusing on the local industry. The third is the programs with support and encouragement for startups. Based on the three types of features, we suggested critical factors for successful entrepreneurship education.