• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.25 no.4 s.40
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• pp.374-385
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• 1992

Some circadian rhythms can become disorgnized due to rotating shift work. This lack of organization, termed desynchronization, can produce a group of symptoms such as insomnia, GI disturbance and fatigue among many rotating shift workers. The magnitude of these symptoms are influenced by personal and environmental factors and the patterns of shift work. This study was carried out to investigate the subjective symptoms related to rotational schedules of shift work after personal and environmental factors adjusted. 182 male workers in rapidly rotating shift system and 86 male workers in weekly rotating shift system were conducted the questionnaire on personal factors and subjective sleep, GI and fatigue symptoms. Major findings obtained from this study are as follows: 1. The symptoms of 'feeling tired at work' and 'being irritable' were more frequent in weekly rotating shift workers (P<0.05), and the mean of symptom score was significantly higher in weekly rotating shift workers(P<0.01). 2. According to 6 hours of sleeping which is a definite elevation point of fatigue, there was not a significant difference between two groups in sleeping hours. Among workers in rapidly rotating shift system, the mean of symptom score was significatly higher in workers of less than 6 hours of sleeping(P<0.05), but it was not different among weekly rotating shift workers. 3. The symptoms of GI disturbance were more frequent in weekly rotating shift workers but statistically not significant. 4. The positive rate of mental and physical fatigue symptoms were significantly higher in weekly rotating shift workers(P<0.01) and mental and physical fatigue symptoms were more frequent in them (P<0.01). 5. After the effect of the factors that were significantly different between two groups by $X^2-test$ were controlled, the mean score of sleep disturbance was significantly higher in weekly rotating shift workers (P<0.01) and mental physical fatigue symptoms were more frequent in them (P<0.01). Based on these study results, subjective symptoms were more common in the weekly rotating shift workers. In future, medical examination and laboratory test will be also administered to evaluate a more accurate health outcomes and the review of current shift schedules will be required.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.200-204
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• 1998

인간공학 분야는 작업부하로 인한 육체적.정신적인 피로와 주어진 작업에서의 성능 저하, 주위 집중의 저하 등 객관화 가능한 부분을 주로 다루어 왔다. 그러나 최근의 연구들에서는 작업의 환경 등으로 인한 정서상태의 변화에 대한 특정이나, 작업부하로서의 정신부하와 작업환경의 변화 등으로 인한 정서적 반응을 구별하여 이에 대한 활발한 연구가 진행 중이다. 최근 쾌적환경의 연 구들이 여러 분야에서 행하여지고 있고 특히 인간공학 분야에서 작업의 효율성과 작업수행도에 미치는 영향 및 기준들이 제시되고 있다. 그러나 인간이 느끼는 쾌적감이 이러한 환경 기준들 내에서 일정하게 유지되는 것인가, 혹은 단지 쾌적감이라는 명목 하에서의 환경기준이 작업의 효율성에 있어서 최적인가 하는 것이다. 따라서 인간요소 중심에서 쾌적감이란 무엇인가를 정 리해 볼 필요가 있다고 여겨진다. 그럼으로써 쾌적환경의 접근방법에 있어 인간을 주체로하는, 즉 인간특성에 맞는 환경을 고려한다는 관점의 변화를 시도해 보고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.340-347
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• 2013

This paper studied the causes of job stress of driving crews working in Metropolitan Transit Authorities in Daejeon, Daegu, Seoul Metro Line 9, and Incheon, analyzing psychological, physical, and environmental factors, along withdriving crews' assignments. Regarding driving crews' assignments, it was found that driving crews had strong senses of obligation for their job, and hence their aptitude for their job was in accordance, and also it was found that most driving crews worked devotedly with a desirable occupational view and pride. However, psychological and physical factors that contributed to stress were identified: lack of sleep, high task burden, physical fatigue, and boring daily life. Furthermore, the driving crews' irregular working conditions and irregular meal time and burden related to on-time transit service with prolonged immobilization raised their stress levels. In terms of external environmental factors, it was found that driving crews' anxiety due to possible accidents caused a roughly four-fold increase in stress levels compared to other factors. Furthermore, personnel system and salary issue were also found to be closely related to the driving crews' job stress.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 1985

The authors studied depression in 5,869 college students (male: 3,893, female: 1,976) using Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). The results are as follows: 1) Female college students showed significantly higher total depression scores than male college students (p<0.001). 2) The items of confusion, indecisiveness, and psychomotor retardation were scored higher in both groups and the Items of suicidal rumination, psychomotor agitation, constipation and tachycardia were scored lower in both groups. 3) 18.2% of male college students showed rather serious depression level of score 50 or higher, while 33.1 % of female college students showed the same scores. 4) The psychosocial factors relating to pessimistic views to past, present & future self images showed significantly high depression scores. 5) The depression items of fatigue, irritability, palpitation, hopelessness & dissatisfaction and the anxiety Items of fatigue, anxiousness, tachycardia, apprehension, fear, and body aches & pain were correlated significantly over 0.40 of correlation coefficient.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.228-234
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• 1998

The importance of psychological factors in dermatologic disorders has been recognized for several decades. However, there have been few reports on the management of psychodermatologic disorders. Psychodermatologic conditions can be divided into three broad subgroup in the dermatologic point of view ; first, psychiatric disorders manifesting as dermatological symptom, second, dermatoses mainly caused by emotional factors, i.e., stress, or determined by complex psychophysiological mechanism, and third, psychological symptoms secondary to dermatological conditions, i.e., anxiety or depression. This article describes first two major categories of psychodermatologic disorders and attempts to provide brief guideline for each psychodermatologic condition in view of the clinical interface between dermatology and psychiatry.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.50
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• pp.147-175
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• 2019

Gentrification is the process by which a working class or other disadvantaged area of a city changes into a middle class residential or commercial district. Gentrification, which has received much attention in arts management in recent years as part of a concern with urban regeneration, carries a generally negative connotation. In this paper, we interrogate this negative view of gentrification to explore ways arts entrepreneurship can convert the perceived threat of gentrification into opportunity. To this end, we examine the Mullae Cultural Salon in the gentrifying district of the Mullae Creative Village. Through a literature review of gentrification and arts entrepreneurship, we propose seven elements of art entrepreneurs responding to gentrification as an analytic framework for research. Our findings indicate that arts entrepreneurs were able to extend the maturity phase of gentrification and thus enhance the cultural and artistic value of the region for other artists and arts entrepreneurs.

• 프린팅코리아
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• s.54
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• pp.128-130
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• 2006

피인쇄물 위에 엷은 금은막을 금형으로 눌러 가공하는 금박인쇄는 인쇄물의 외관은 물론 상품가치를 높이기 위해 자주 하용되는 기술이다. 20여 년간 금박인쇄기를 비롯해 자동화 기계를 전문적으로 생산. 보급해오고 있는 태창기계공업사는 풍부한 제작 노하우와 철저한 장인정신을 바탕으로 소비자의 입맛에 맞는 저비용 고효율 장비의 개발.보급에 오늘도 여념이 없다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.44-52
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• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effect on Brain Quotient from inhalation of blended oils. The subjects of the study were 64 people aged 20 to 59 years, with 32 in the experimental group and 32 in the control group. Blended oil with six aromas (Lavender, Bergamot, Mandarin, Lemon, Cedarwood, Roman Chamomile) was given to the experimental group, and Jojoba oil was given to the control group, for 30 minutes. Before and after the experiment, BQ tests (SRQ, BRQ, ATQ, ACQ, EQ, ASQ, CQ, and BQ) from the experimental group and the control group were compared and analyzed using a brain-training machine (NeuroHarmony S). There was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in three out of the eight tests analyzed ATQ (p<.05), ACQ (p<.05), BQ (p<.05). In other words, aromatherapy improves concentration and memory by increasing attention, and helps to maintain mental activity, thinking ability, and behavioral balance. BQ also represents a comprehensive brain function, and aromatherapy is a good way to maintain human mental and physical health.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.76-84
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• 1999

Objectives: A number of studies have shown that sleep deprivation results in reduced vigilance and increased negative affects such as tension, depression and anger. However there are few studies about effects of sleep deprivation on anxiety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 40 hour sleep deprivation on state anxiety, affects, sleepiness and fatigue. The authors also intended to study the effect of trait-anxiety on these psychological variables after sleep deprivation. Methods: Twenty nine subjects(22 men, 7 women, $24.59{\pm}1.35$ years of age) participated in this study. Subjects had no past history of psychiatric disorders and physical illnesses, and had normal sleep-waking cycle without current sleep disturbances. All of the subjects completed sleep dairy for two weeks to exclude some who suffered from chronic sleep deprivation or sleep disturbances. Subjects were instructed to get a normal sleep as usual at night before the study. After awakening, subjects remained awake for 40 hours under continuous surveillance. They completed State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Index of General Affect, Stanford Sleepiness Scale and Fatigue Questionnaire every three hours, therefore they completed the scales 14 times totally. Subjects were dictated not to take caffeine, alcohol, or any medications on the day of the study. Heavy exercises and naps were restricted too. Results: Sleep deprivation resulted in increased state anxiety, negative general affects, and increased sleepiness and fatigue(p<.001). Dividing into high trait-anxiety group and low trait-anxiety group, there was significant sleep deprivation x traitanxiety interaction effect on general affect(p<.05). But, there was no significant sleep deprivation x trait-anxiety interaction effect on state-anxiety, sleepiness and fatigue. During sleep deprivation, the highest ratings of scales on anxiety, negative affect, sleepiness and fatigue occurred between 4 : 00AM and 7 : 00AM. Conclusions: These results show that sleep deprivation results in increased anxiety, mood state disturbance and increment of sleepiness and fatigue. These findings also suggest that trait-anxiety is a factor that influences the degree of worsening in general affect caused by sleep deprivation. During sleep deprivation, the rating curves of anxiety, affect, sleepiness and fatigue show rhythmicity that may be related to circadian rhythm.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.188-211
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• 2018

This study examined the problem of entrepreneurship education in Korea, which equate entrepreneurship with startups, unlike the global trend of approaching entrepreneurship with a broad concept. On the basis of overseas cases such as European Union and OECD, this study derived the need for entrepreneurship education from the perspective of thinking and behavioral patterns. In addition, Q methodology was used to reason out various recognition patterns and approach solutions for problems of entrepreneurship education in Korea, such as awareness of the need for entrepreneurship education in concepts separate from start-ups, reasons for infertility, and why it is difficult to activate. This approach was conducted for educators and educatees that carries out entrepreneurship education in Korea. In conclusion, there were four types of subjective perceptions about the difference of entrepreneurship education and startup education, and three types were recognized for the need to differentiate entrepreneurship education from startup education, and the two types that made up the upper majority strongly supported the need for entrepreneurship education to be implemented individually. According to the conclusion, this study proposed the development and spread of common teaching materials made by the Ministry of Education and Ministry of SMEs and Startups, which is the competent Ministry, to train professional teachers, training methods, and continuous refresher education. It also proposed that there should be a social atmosphere for eliminating rejection of entrepreneurship not only among the youth but also the adult population, and for continuous awareness of concepts that can be applied within the organization and the community, and that a policy basis is required to do so.