• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.352-352
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• 2020

통합물관리 (IWRM; Integrated Water Resources Management)란 생태계의 지속가능성(sustainability)을 해치지 않으면서, 공평한 방법(equity)으로 경제·사회·복지를 극대화(efficiency) 할 수 있도록 물과 토지 및 관련 기타 자원들을 조화롭게 개발하고 처리하는 과정을 말한다. IWRM 패러다임은 전 세계적 및 국가별 물관리 상황에 따른 시대적 이슈에 따라 변천하고 있고 1992년 리우 정상회담 이후 물위기 극복을 위한 새로운 패러다임으로 정착, 물재해 심화에 따라 2000년대 물안보라는 국가 차원의 과제로 발전하였다. 이에 이미 전세계 국가의 68%이상이 도입중이며 모든 국가로 확산 중에 있다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 향후 통합수자원관리 측면에서의 우즈베키스탄 내 업무와 환경을 분석하여 표준화된 수자원정보화 방향을 제시하고 통합물관리를 위한 통합물관리시스템을 개발하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 우즈베키스탄은 기본적으로 물관리 여건이 매우 불리한 물스트레스 국가로 분류되고 있다. 국가 내에서 필요로하는 대부분의 수자원이 양적으로 매우 부족하고, 강수량의 지역, 시기별 변동폭 역시 매우 크게 나타나고 있다. 또한 이용가능한 수자원을 작물재배가 가능한 시기에 농업용수로 80%이상을 취수하고 있어 심각한 물부족에 시달리고 있는 실정이다. 지정학적으로는 연강수량이 평균 400mm정도로 나타나고 있어 국내에서 생산되는 물 이외에는 국내를 통과하는 시르다리야, 아무다리야 강의 상류에 위치한 키르기즈스탄, 타지키스탄에서 생성된 물을 하천에서 취수하여 사용하고 있는 실정으로 제한된 수자원을 효율적, 합리적으로 이용하는 데 있어 관리기술의 개선이 필요하다. 수자원의 대부분은 수자원부에서 산하 관리조직을 통해 중앙에서 통제하에 관리하고 있으나 국가간, 지역별 용수배분, 갈등이 심하되고 있는 상태에 있으며 이러한 점을 해결하기 위한 상류-하류간 연계, 수량-수질간 연계, 지표수-지하수 연계 등을 위한 법적, 제도적 기반이 미흡한 상태이다. 이러한 우즈베키스탄 내 IWRM 도입의 필요성을 기반으로 통합물관리를 위한 시스템 구성요소를 도출하고 구축을 위해 고려해야 할 사항 및 발전방향을 본 연구를 통하여 제시하고자 한다.

• Korea and Global Affairs
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.87-130
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• 2019

This paper aims to analyze the recent progress(current situation) and tasks of arms control in North and South Korea. To this end the paper is composed of 5 chapters titled instruction; recent progress(current situation) of arms control in South and North Korea; constraints and tasks of arms control on the Korean peninsula; and conclusion. One of the most important tasks for the establishment of a peace structure for the coexistence of the Korean people in the 21st century is the realization of military control in order to resolve the acute military confrontation situation and mutual threats. With the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics, the North-South summit and the subsequent talks for peace and denuclearization on the Korean Peninsula, the North Korea-US summit, and subsequent talks are creating conditions for trust building and arms control between the two Koreas. The military trust between the two Koreas and operational arms control are being achieved through the declaration of the April 27 Panmunjom and the 'Military Agreement for the Implementation of the Panmunjom Declaration.' However, since there are constraints on the control of arms control, such as the persistence of hostility and distrust of the two Koreas, the defense treaty between the two Koreas and neighboring countries, the competition of neighboring countries and the complex interests of the Korean peninsula, Trust Building is important. We should resolve the issue of arms control between the two Koreas, taking into account the trend of international arms control over the internal and external dynamics of the Korean peninsula gradually and carefully, with a vision of long-term unification security.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.65-77
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• 2011

In Western Europo and the US, there has been a general trend over 30 years of reducing the amount of force by the police, through a paradigm shift from 'Escalated Force Model' towards 'Negotiated Management Model'. In tune with this trend, for example, the Swedish Police have implemented the uniformed 'Dialogue Police' system, in order to establish communication contact with demonstrators, before, during, and after their events, The Negotiated Management Model involves a greater respect for the rights of protesters, a more tolerant approach to community, and improved intelligence, communication, and flexibility, in order to facilitate lawful protests and to reduce the possibility of an escalation of major public disorder. The Korean National Police (KNP) appears to be operated within this negotiated management framework, since in preparation for the G20 Seoul Summit, they have also emphasized good communication between the police and protest groups, by newly creating the concept of 'Protest Policing Through Facilitation of Lawful Protests'. In this context, this study first attempts to analyze not only the negotiated management model, but also the Swedish dialogue police. Secondly, the study conducts a comparative study between the KNP's Protest Policing Through Facilitation of Lawful Protest and the Swedish dialogue police system, particularly, in conjunction with the negotiated management. Although Korean and western police have different system and history, protest policing model is now approaching with each other through a link between conflict resolution techniques, such as dialogue, negotiation, mediation and facilitation. Finally, the study is to prove if the KNP's protest policing model corresponds with the negotiated management model, and further to suggest new 'Facilitation of Conflict Resolution Model' as a desirable future of the KNP's protest policing.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.97-121
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• 2006

Inter-Korean exchanges using civil aviation has been continuing since the temporary direct air route from Pyongyang to Seoul was opened on June 15th, 2000 for the summit meeting with North Korea. In this paper, I analyze the North Korea Aviation law by focusing on the differences with South Korean Aviation law. While South Korean Aviation law is modeled on the Pandect system, North Korean Aviation law can only be understood by looking at North Korea's socialist ideology. Therefore, North Korean Aviation law has some expressions which can hardly be understood. With respect to the source of aviation law, both South and North Korea are in compliance with the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Signed at Chicago, on 7 December, 1944). Thus, they established the aviation law based on the standards and recommendations provided by ICAO. For this reason, they have similar legal systems and composition. From this analysis, a few differences are also derived regarding aircraft ownership, airports, airline liability, aircraft accident investigation organization and aviation insurance. It is important to note that this paper has a particular limitation. Not only is the information about North Korean law very limited, but North Korea also does not provide easy access to its national legal codes. This paper describes the legal comparison of South and North Korea by focusing on the formation and framework of North Korean aviation law.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.6 s.84
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• pp.55-67
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• 2005

There are 24 airways in Incehon IFR, including 11 domestic routes and 13 international routes. The airways designated by ministry of Transportation and Construction are the routes for aircraft to fly being serviced by air traffic control system for flight safety. This study reviewed safety situation of existing permanent airways within Incheon IFR and temporary airways connecting North and South Korea. The study tried to identify the problems related to airway operation and to suggest solutions to the questionable area. The main findings are as follows: It is necessary to improve the existing normal airway systems and enlargement of the route. The airway A593 has to be upgraded to normal route. The temporary airways established to connect Seoul and Pyongyang also needs to be upgraded by air traffic control transfer agreement between two Koreas.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.25-44
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• 2017

In 2017, the EU-Japan FTA talks were resumed ahead of the G20 summit in Brussels, Belgium, and agreed to abolish tariffs on 95% of all trade items. These figures are highly liberalized agreements that are equivalent to the Pacific Rim Economic Partnership Agreement (TPP). Particularly, Japanese automobiles were aggressively negotiating the abolition of tariffs with 7-year grace period and the gradual elimination of European cheese in 15 years. If the agreement is concluded, the tariffs of 1 billion euros (about 1.3 trillion won) will disappear, and Korea, which has similar industrial structure with Japan, will be hit by the processed food, chemical products, medical equipment, dairy products and automobile industries. do. The purpose of this study is to examine the mutual recognition agreement (MRA) that can directly affect the Korean companies in the content of the Japan-EU FTA and to suggest the implications for the Korean export companies.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.939-950
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• 2011

Eco-friendly development is inevitable for eradicating poverty in developing countries. In order to make Eco-friendly development a worldwide movement, we have to provide education for Eco-friendly development. There are, however, many problems in achieving education for Eco-friendly development. In conducting human education, there should be a certain philosophy as a foundation. The Earth charter, which people from various countries have developed since the World Summit on Eco-friendly Development and on which they have gained an international consensus, including consensus from NGOs, should serve as a foundation to conduct education for peace, human rights and environment. In this paper, I have discussed first the loss of Sustainability, second the loss of the view that human development is the basis for education, third the decline of literacy, fourth the decline of education for women, fifth excessive emphasis on knowledge and rote learning, and sixth the deviation from quality-of-life education.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 1991

인류가 산업발전 등으로 인해 석유등 화석연료를 사용함에 따라 대기오염은 날로 악화되어 1952년 런던스모그 같은 참사를 맞이하였고 이에 각국은 이러한 대기 오염물질을 저감하기 위하여 노력한 결과 대기 오염물질은 낮아지고 있으나 이에 반해 이산화탄소 배출량 증가에 따른 지구 온난화 현상과 오존층 파괴는 지역적인 환경문제에서 번세계적인 환경문제로 확산 전개되고 있다. 특히 산업혁명후 화석연료의 급격한 사용증가로 인한 이산화탄소 배출량 증가는 지구를 온나화시키고 수십년 후에는 환경에 심각한 영향을 주게 되는 것은 의심할 여지가 없는 것으로 이는 지구환경문제 중에서 금회 최대의 과제로 대두되게 되었다. 이에 따라 1985년 UNEP 관리 이사회를 필두로 "지구환경보전에 관한 동경회의", "대기오염 및 기후변동에 관한 노드윅 회의", "백악관회의", "휴스톤 Summit" 등에서 이 문제가 거론되기 시작하여 '90. 8월에는 스웨덴에서 온난화에 대한 과학적 인식과 대책의 메카니즘을 정하기 위한 IPCC 4차 회의가 각국 대표들이 참석한 가운데 정치, 경제, 과학의 문제로 등장하여 우리생활의 근본을 좌우할 다각적인 논의가 진행된 바 있다. 또한 미국, 영국, 일본 등 선진국들의 정상이 모이는 G7 회담 등에서 논의되고 있는 것들 중 정치적인 문제를 제외하고는 환경문제를 가장 많이 다룬다는 외신보도를 우리는 여러번 접한바 있다. 현재 국제적 환경문제로 가장 관심이 집중되고 있는 문제 중 몇가지를 소개하면 우선 <몬트리올의 정서에 의한 오존층 보호>를 들 수 있겠고, 최근 국제 협약 제정을 추진하고 있는 "지구온난화 방지에 관한 기후협약" 그리고 유해폐기물의 국제교역에 관한 "바젤협약"과 함께 새로이 제기된 "생물학적 다양성 협약"등이 거론되고 있으며, 이에 덧붙여 미국의 "자동차배출가스 규제"도 우리나라 산업에 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단된다. 본 논문은 이중 대기와 관련된 오존층 보호와 지구온난화 대책에 대한 국제회의 등에서 현재까지 논의되었거나 토의될 내용에 대하여 기술하고 특히 금년부터 집중적으로 국제협상이 진행될 지구온난화 문제에 대한 최근의 국제동향 우리나라의 입장을 기술하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.39-46
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• 2018

After the North-South Korean summit and PyeongChang Winter Olympics, it is recently expected that the North-South economic cooperation plan will be discussed in earnest. And it will be growing interest of the major infrastructure facilities such as roads and railways, and so on North-South Korean. Moreover, most of North Korean facilities have problems related to the safety and functionality of them such as aging, deterioration, and poor maintenance. This study asserts the necessity and importance of infrastructure maintenance in the Korean Peninsula. Therefore, Results of this study, it is appeared that very vulnerable to road, railroad, power/communication, water sewage and needed urgently for improvement. Accordingly, The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status for the whole facilities including the main infrastructure of the North Korean and to evaluate on the maintenance level of infrastructure based on face to face interview refugees of North Korean.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.192-209
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• 2014

The important national cultural heritages were retrieved. April 25 2014, US President Barack Obama formally returned 9 Seals of Joseon Dynasty and Korean Empire in Korea-US Summit taken place in Cheong Wa Dae. These Seals were taken out of Deoksugung illegally by a US Marine Corps officer during Korean War, handed down to his posterity, and last November 2013 confiscated by HSI in San Diego. Through investigations above facts turned out and it was decided to return these relics to Koera. In the process of surveying these seals, I confimed the authenticity of them and transferred my opinion to Cultural Heritage Administration. In this paper, I try to summarize the historical value of each Seals and suggest the remaining task.