• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.655-666
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• 2013

A number of highway projects are in progress in Korea to accommodate increasing transportation demands. As the highway route becomes more complex, some projects include tunneling through unconsolidated sedimentary rock. Since an unconsolidated sedimentary rock mainly consists of rock and ground mass, the behavior and characteristics in unconsolidated sedimentary rock tunnel are quite different from typical rock tunnel. However, construction case histories and rock classifications method on unconsolidated sedimentary rock tunnel had not been developed or studied domestically. Consequently the case studies and rock classification system for unconsolidated sedimentary rock are required to better understand its behavior for tunneling. In this study, rock mass classification method is proposed to identify unconsolidated sedimentary rock based on point load and slake durability tests. Based on this, the proposed method of unconsolidated sedimentary rock can be applied well through comparisons with the results of convergence measurement.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.260-266
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• 2009

The theory of risk is applied frequently in analysis of railway accidents. The aim of risk analysis is to search potential causes and contribution factors of accidents by checking the total system of construction field. This paper analyze a pattern and a cause of accident occupied in construction field, calculate risk index considering accident frequency and severity, and then provide the relative risk assessment. Based on this, this paper will provide the methodology of qualitative risk assessment guiding to reach a consistency of risk index with risk assessment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.8-10
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• 2017

최근 빈번한 항해 사고에 대응하여 항해 안전에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있으며 특히 항해중인 선박의 안전 항해에 대한 육상 감시기술 개발에 많은 노력이 기울려 지고 있다. 이러한 육상용 항해안전 감시시스템은 항만 교통 번잡도에 따른 조종 위험성 평가 기능 및 해양기상에 따른 선박 안전성능 평가 기능 등으로 구성되며, 선박 안전성능 평가를 위하여 선박에서 전송되는 AIS정보를 운항정보로 변환하여 구축된 선박별 동특성 정보와 연결한 후 안전성능지수를 도출하는 기술 구현이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 항해안전 감시시스템 개발을 위하여 환경 요인에 의한 항해중 선박의 위험 요소를 분석, 항해안전 평가 모델을 개발한 후 개발된 평가 모델에 대한 평가 기준을 제시하였고 각 평가 모델의 결과를 정량적 지수형태로 도출하여 안전항해 감시시스템의 정량적 평가 기능을 지원하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.721-732
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• 2012

Patent information, which is generated under a specific, objective rule for a prolonged period of time, has the properties of technology, right, and management. Because of these characteristics of patents, patent analysis is used to identify R&D capacities and performances, and management strategies of a given nation or enterprise. In this paper, we analyze LTE essential patents which are key IPRs for implementing standardized LTE technology and major weapons in a global patent war. Total of 2,307 LTE essential patents, published and registered applications from European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI)'s online IPR database as of January 2011, are analyzed in quantitative methods. The analysis results present status and statistics of LTE essential patents by major countries, applicant companies and technical fields. And a comparative study is done using 4 patent indices limited to the LTE essential patents issued in the United States. It is expected that results herein are useful for not only figuring out the technological competitiveness of countries and companies in LTE market, but also suggesting a guide to strategic IPR management for related industries.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2011

To evaluate the performance of the hydrodynamic model, we introduced 10 skill assessments that are assorted by two groups: quantitative skill assessments (Absolute Average Error or AAE, Root Mean Squared Error or RMSE, Relative Absolute Average Error or RAAE, Percentage Model Error or PME) and qualitative skill assessments (Correlation Coefficient or CC, Reliability Index or RI, Index of Agreement or IA, Modeling Efficiency or MEF, Cost Function or CF, Coefficient of Residual Mass or CRM). These skill assessments were applied and calculated to evaluate the hydrodynamic modeling at one of Florida estuaries for water level, current, and salinity as comparing measured and simulated values. We found that AAE, RMSE, RAAE, CC, IA, MEF, CF, and CRM are suitable for the error assessment of water level and current, and AAE, RMSE, RAAE, PME, CC, RI, IA, CF, and CRM are good at the salinity error assessment. Quantitative and qualitative skill assessments showed the similar trend in terms of the classification for good and bad performance of model. Furthermore, this paper suggested the criteria of the "good" model performance for water level, current, and salinity. The criteria are RAAE < 10%, CC > 0.95, IA > 0.98, MEF > 0.93, CF < 0.21 for water level, RAAE < 20%, CC > 0.7, IA > 0.8, MEF > 0.5, CF < 0.5 for current, and RAAE < 10%, PME < 10%, CC > 0.9, RI < 1.15, CF < 0.1 for salinity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.397-409
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• 2006

연구결과는 학술적인 논문, 기술의 기반이 되는 특허, 기술이 체화된 상품 등 다양한 방법으로 도출되고 있다. 현재까지 연구 성과를 측정하는데 있어서 수치로 표시되는 정량적인 평가는 용이하게 활용하고 있다. 하지만 질적인 우수성을 평가하기 위한 정성적인 방법은 많은 연구를 필요로 한다. 각기 다른 목적이나 용도로 만들어진 평가지표나 방법론이 적절하게 적용하여 평가지표로 적용되어 지기는 힘든 상황이다. 특히 연구자나 기관 등의 평가 시 연구논문을 활용한 계량정보기법을 근간으로 하는 다양한 방법이 많은 연구자들을 통해 제시되고 있다. 또한 학술적인 논문뿐아니라 산업으로 대표되는 특허의 평가시도 유사한 방법을 활용하고 있다. 문헌의 경우는 SCI DB를 활용하여 정성적인 부분을 대체하고 있다. 하지만 산업으로 대표되는 특허의 정성 평가는 많이 활용하지 못하고 있다. 이에 특히 문헌 및 특허의 인용정보를 대상으로 최근 제안되고 있는 연구 성과 지표인 h-지수 등을 활용하여 사례를 분석하여 보고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.373-385
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• 2009

A new indexing methodology so called KTH-index was developed to quantitatively evaluate a potential level for tunnel collapse hazard, which has been successfully applied to tunnel construction sites to date. In this study, an attempt is made to apply this methodology for validating an outcome of tunnel design by checking the variation of KTH-index along longitudinal tunnel section. In this KTH-index simulation, it is the most important to determine the input factors reasonably. The design factor and construction condition are set up based on the designed outcome. Uncertain ground conditions are arranged based on borehole test and electro-resistivity survey data. Two scenarios for ground conditions, best and worst scenarios, are set up. From this simulation, it is shown that this methodology could be successfully applied for providing quantitative validity of a tunnel design and also potential hazard factors which should be carefully monitored in construction stage. The hazard factors would affect sensitively the hazard level of the tunnel site under consideration.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.29-58
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• 2022

Recently, Korea has been experiencing a problem of population decline, therefore the transition to a compact spatial structure is being urged. However, what is required is not just physical compression, but a compact city that also considers connectivity, in view of the changes in today's demographic and industrial structure. From this point of view, this study measures the compressibility of domestic cities suffering from extinction risk due to low birth rates, aging population, and population decline, and examined the spatial structure characteristics. In addition to the compressibility evaluation index used in previous studies, the compressibility of six indicators (population, land use, service accessibility, transport accessibility, connectivity, and concentration) was compared and analyzed, and a comprehensive compression index was calculated. The analysis results, based on the comprehensive compression index, classified 2.3% cities in the first grade, 4.6% in the second grade, 16.09% in the third grade, 43.68% in the fourth grade, and 33.33% in the fifth grade areas. Currently, the urban characteristics affecting the compactness index differ from region to region. Therefore, it is necessary to establish measures and policies for extinction risk considering the influence of each region's compactness index. This study is meaningful in that connectivity was considered using spatial syntax, and the compactness of cities at risk of extinction was compared and analyzed quantitatively. It is expected that this study will be used as basic data to establish the direction and action strategy for extinction risk cities.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1031-1043
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to develop the brain compatibility index equation for the brain-based analysis method of science teaching-learning program. To develop the index equation, one sample unit in middle school science programs was selected and analyzed by the brain-based analysis frame (CORE Brain Map). Then, the index equation was derived by the CORE Brain Map. In addition, four sample units in elementary science programs were selected to validate the brain compatibleness index equation. From the random network theory of Erdos and Renyi, this study derived the brain compatibility index equation; (BCI=$\frac{L_o}{11(N_o-1)}{\cdot}{\sum}\limits_{i=1}^4l_iw_i$) for quantitative analysis of science teaching-learning program. With this equation, this study could find the quantitative difference among the teaching-learning programs through the unit and curriculum. Brain-based analysis methods for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of science teaching-learning program, which was developed in this study is expected, to be a useful application to analyze and diagnose various science teaching-learning programs.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.477-480
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• 2009

최근 북한지역에 발생한 홍수와 가뭄 등 심각한 자연재해의 원인이 악화된 식량난으로 인한 과도한 산림의 훼손으로 추정되고 있어 북한 지역의 산림 생태계에 대한 연구의 필요성을 더욱 확인하는 계기가 되고 있다. 위성자료로부터 얻을 수 있는 식생지수(NDVI)는 농작물, 초목, 산림등과 같은 중요한 식생자원을 모니터링 하기 위해 설계된 도구로 식생의 활력도를 정량적으로 표현할 수 있다. 또한, 식생지수는 개략적인 식생을 파악하는데 주로 사용되기 때문에 초기조사에 많이 이용되고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 개마고원지대를 포함하는 표고 1000m 이상의 한대림지대의 산림식생에 대해 9년(2000~2008)간의 시계열 MODIS영상에서 나타나는 식생지수의 생물계절 특징을 분석하였다. 식생이 성장하기 시작하는 시기(the beginning of the growing season)는 5월 9일 이후부터 5월 25일 사이의 기간으로 나타났고, 식생의 휴면 시기(the end of growing season)는 9월 14일부터 9월 30일 사이 기간으로 관측되었다. 이는 4월 초에 시작하고 10월에 사라지는 한반도의 일반적이 식생패턴보다 성장은 한달 늦게, 휴면은 한달 이르게 한다는 것이 확인되었다. 또한, 8월 초순의 NDVI 값이 9년 동안 계속적으로 가장 높은 값을 보여주고 있다. 이것은 개마고원지역 및 주변 한대림 지대는 7월 말에서 8월 초순에 식생이 가장 활발한 것을 의미한다. 9년 동안 전반적인 식생지수는 0.2~0.9 값을 보였고, 특이할 점은 9년 동안의 평균적인 NDVI 값에 비해 2002년의 식생의 활동이 봄에 빨리 개화하고 가을에 일찍 지는 패턴을 보였다.