• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.47-55
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• 2008

In this paper, comparisons are presented on the predicted tensile strains which can affect the fatigue life of a thin asphalt concrete (AC) pavement near the surface of pavement from three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) using 3D measured tire contact stresses of a radial tire and a bias ply tire and a layered linear elastic program (BISAR). The objective was to analyze the stress distributions for a 11R22.5 radial tire and a $10{\times}20$ bias ply tire, and to compare the predicted tensile strains at the top and bottom of AC surface using different analysis methods. The results show that the stress distributions of two tires are similar but the 11R22.5 radial tire has much higher vertical contact stress than that of the $10{\times}20$ bias ply tire. The predicted tensile strains at the bottom of AC layer under the center of tire showed higher value by BM (BISAR with the measured contact area) method, which the measured tire contact area is used in a layered elastic program, while the tensile strain at the top of AC surface of 3.5cm offset distance from tire edge by 3D FE analysis showed the highest values among three analysis methods.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2001

The research described in this paper was aimed toward improving the understanding of the interaction of tire inflation pressure and the soil-tire interface stresses. A three-directional stress transducer was developed to measure stress distribution on undertread for a tractor tire. The transducer can directly measure three-directional stresses (normal stress, tangental stress and lateral stress and lateral stress) simultaneously and has both strong structure and high sensitivity, which is not changed by the abrasion of the detecting plate. Measurements of soil-undertread interface stresses were made at tire center on undertread on a 12.4-R24 radial tractor tire opeated at three combinations of a dynamic load (11.8kN) and three inflation pressures (59kPa, 108kPa and 157kPa). These measurements showed that as inflation pressure increased, the soil-undertread interface stresses increased. The results of three stresses comparisons were shown that the peak normal stresses were considerably higher than the tangential peak stresses and the peak lateral stresses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.231-231
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• 2011

바늘침 전극을 사용한 대기압 플라즈마 제트의 전기적 특성을 조사하였다. 접지 전극 위치, 안정 커패시터 크기 등 변수에 따라서 플라즈마 제트 방전 특성의 변화를 조사한다. 각 실험조건의 등가회로를 통해서, 플라즈마 방전 특성(IV-curve)을 분석한다. 등가회로에서 안정 커패시터 Cp, 유리관 내부 플라즈마 저항 RP, 접지측 유리층 커패시턴스 CG, 대기 접지 RA, 등의 각 변수들을 검토한다. Rp 및 Rj는 방전이 강해질수록 작아진다. 특히 타운젠트 방전 후 Rp 및 Rj는 약 수십 $k{\Omega}$으로 작아진다, 회로 전체 임피던스와 비교하면 아주 작은 값이다. 안정 커패시터 와 접지 측 유리 층의 임피던스는 수백 $k{\Omega}$으로 아주 크다. 방전이 진행되면서 플라즈마 저항 Rp 및 Rj가 급감하여도 Cp 및 CG의 역할로 회로전체 임피던스가 일정한 값을 유지할 수 있어서 전류가 급증 하는 것을 방지할 수 있다. 대기 접지 RA는 $M{\Omega}$으로, 접지 전극이 없을 때 방전 개시전압도 높아진다.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 1985

For the analysis of contineous building foundation, the conventional methods assume that subgrade reaction is uniform. But for more accurate analysis, the method considering variable distribution of subgrade reaction and the conventional methods were compared. Addithionally pontoon foundation to reduce the stress of foundation is introduced.

• 전기의세계
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 1981

본고의 내용은 다음과 같다. 1. 설계의 기본방향 2. 시험설비의 정격과 연구동의 크기에 대한 I.E.C.회의 3. 연구동의 전자차폐 4. 접지설비

• Electric Engineers Magazine
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• v.230 no.10
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• pp.11-15
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• 2001

경우에 따라서는 고전압을 회로에 공급하는 스위치를 사용해야 하는 경우가 있을 것이다 이 경우는 단순히 D1과 R1을 V+대신 접지로 연결하면 된다. 이러한 연결은 그림 7-2의 부분 회로도에 나와 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.78-84
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• 2009

This paper presents measurement results of transient impedance for small-sized ground electrodes in a discharge region of soil. For a realistic analysis of ionization characteristics near the ground electrode, three types of ground rod installed outdoors and high voltage impulse generator were used for injecting test current. From the analysis of response voltage and current flowing ground electrode to earth, it is verified that the ionization near the ground electrode contributes to reduction of ground impedance and limits the ground potential rise effectively in high resistivity soil. As a threshold electric field density for ionization is small in low resistivity soil, the shape of ground electrode rarely contributes to the transient impedance. And, from the experiment result with shape of ground electrode, the rod with needles is more effective to reduce the transient impedance than the plate electrode in the voltage range including with ionization regions of soil.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.172-180
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• 2007

A new diagnostics of plasma electron temperature and plasma density is introduced with the observation of the light emission along the tube of external electrode fluorescent lamps. With two different methods operating an external electrode fluorescent lamp of outer diameter 4.0 mm and length 860 mm for the back-light source of 37-inch LCD-TVs, the lighting modes and the plasma properties are investigated. In the center balance operation, the light-emission propagates simultaneously from both sides of the high voltage electrodes to the center of the lamp, while in conventional operation the light-emission propagates from the one end of a high voltage to the other ground electrode. In the operation value of luminance $10,000{\sim}15,000cd/m^2$, the electron plasma thermal energy $(kT_e)$ is about $1.3{\sim}2.7eV$ with the electron density $(n_e)$ is about $(1.6{\sim}3.6){\times}10^{16}m^{-3}$.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.4D
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• pp.601-608
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• 2006

The important elements in pavement design criteria are the stress and strain distributions. To obtain reasonable stress and strain distribution, tire contact area and tire pressures are very important. In this study, finite element analysis was used to identify the three-dimension states using nonlinear tire contact pressure and measured tire contact area. Measured tire contact area was quite different from the assumed tire contact area, and it resulted in different strain states under the tire. At the surface course, considering tire rib and nonlinear tire pressure, the pavement response presented accurate data compared to the predicted one. However, at the binder course, tire effects were generally negligible and it showed that the predicted pavement response was different compared to the measured one.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.192-199
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the performance of a radio-frequency/vacuum dryer combined with a mechanical compressive load (RF/VC) with a scale of about $3m^3$ during drying board of Azobe (Lophira alata) and Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora). The degree of vacuum of the RF/VC system was maintained at 80~105 torr, and wood temperature was increased from $40^{\circ}C$ at the beginning of drying to $60^{\circ}C$ at the end of drying and the radiofrequency generator was operated with schedule of 7 minute-ON and 3 minute-OFF. The wood temperatures near charge plate always remained higher than those of the control during all of the drying stage, whereas the wood temperature near ground plate always remained lower than those of the controlled. As drying time proceeding, the temperature of the wood near ground plate presented lower than those of the control. Whereas the temperature of the wood near charge plate presented higher than those of the controlled. The final average moisture contents of the Azobe boards stacked near the input side of the RF generator showed slightly lower than those near the opposite side. Those of the wood stacked in the layers near the charge plate were lower than those of near the ground plate. The average length of surface checks of the Azobe boards stacked near the charge plate was very slight, whereas that toward the ground plate represented high values. The efficiency of input energy was simliar with the commercial systems.