• Title/Summary/Keyword: 점착성

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Quality Characteristics of Yackwa made with Yam (Dioscorea batatas Decne) Powder (마 분말을 첨가한 약과의 제조와 품질특성)

  • Lee, Jeong-Ho;Kim, Jong-Sung
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.56-68
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    • 2014
  • Yam Yackwa (YP) was made by addition of yam power (15%) into flour. Depending on extension of storage time, lightness and redness of YP were increased. Yellowness of YP was decreasing until 3 days and increased from 9 days of storage. However, the yellowness of Yackwa without Yam powder (Non-YP) was increasing until 3 days and decreased from 6 days of storage. Hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of YP were improved compared to Non-YP. It means that the addition of yam power makes Yackwa soft. Oil absorption of Non-YP was low. Acid value and peroxide value of YP were 1.57 and 19.04, respectively. Moisture contents, crude ash, crude fat, crude protein, and carbohydrate of YP were $2.55{\pm}0.08%$, $0.71{\pm}0.01%$, $6.11{\pm}0.06%$, $15.97{\pm}1.40%$, and $64.66{\pm}0.09%$, respectively.

The Effect of addition of kinds of sugar and drying method on Quality and Storage Characteristics of Beef jerky (첨가당과 건조방법이 육포의 품질과 저장성에 미치는 영향)

  • 조은자;이정은
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.511-520
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    • 2000
  • To investigate the effect of sugar and drying method on quality and storage characteristics of beef jerky, storage, textural and sensory characteristics were examined. Water activity was decreased as storage time was prolonged and the honey and rice syrup-added natural dried samples(N-H, N-R) were recorded the lowest value, 0.71 at five weeks of storage. During the storage period, pH values of all the samples were decreased and honey-added and heated air dried beef jerky(H-H) had the lowest pH value, 5.22. L, a, b values had a tendency to decrease, during the storage period. During the storage period, TBA values of all samples showed increasing tendency. Sugarsyrup-added samples(N-S, H-S, S-S$\^$*/) had the lowest TBA value, and those of honey-added samples(N-H, H-H, S-H$\^$**/) were highest, regardless of drying method. Total plate counts of bacteria and the number of lactic acid bacteria were increased as storage time was prolonged. Sugar syrup-added and heated air dried beef jerky(H-S) had the lowest in total plate counts of bacteria and the number of lactic acid bacteria, at five weeks of storage. Textural properties value of all samples were increased as storage time was longer. Honey-added samples showed the higest springness and cohesiveness value and sugarsyrup-added and natural dried sample showed the highest value in chewiness, gummness and hardness. In the almost sensory score of natural dried beef jerky was decreased asstorage time was prolonged, regardless of packaging method. The sensory score of heated air dried samples were higher than those of natural dried samples, regardless of packaging method. $\^$*/S-S sucrose syrup added smoking dried sample, $\^$**/S-H honey added smoking dried sample

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$In_2O_3$ Thin Film Ozone Sensor Prepared by Sol-Gel Method (졸-겔법을 이용한 $In_2O_3$ 박막의 오존 센서)

  • Lee, Yun-Su;Song, Kap-Duk;Choi, Nak-Jin;Joo, Byung-Su;Kang, Bong-Hwi;Lee, Duk-Dong
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.101-107
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    • 2001
  • A highly selective, sensitive and reliable ozone sensing $In_2O_3$ thin film was fabricated by a sol-gel method. The fabricated film is operated at a relatively lower temperature than ever developed thin films and saved operating power. $In_2O_3$ films deposited by sol-gel technique has been recently attracted because it is an economical and energy saving method and precisely controlled microstructure. Indium alkoxide precursor was synthesized from the reaction between indium hydroxide and butanol. PVA binder was used to improve adhesion of the films. The $In_2O_3$ thin films were obtained by spin coating from 1 to 5 times followed by drying at $100^{\circ}C$ and calcining at $600^{\circ}C$ for 1h. The film thickness was controlled by the number of coating time. The morphology and the thickness of the $In_2O_3$ films were examined by a SEM and XRD. The $In_2O_3$ thin films show a high sensitive to ozone gas at operating temperature of $250^{\circ}C$. The $In_2O_3$ sensor has very good selectivity to $CH_4$, CO, $C_4H_{10}$ and ethanol.

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Sensory and Textural characteristics of Solsulgi using varied levels of pine leave powders and different types of sweetners (솔잎가루를 첨가한 솔설기의 재료배합비에 따른 관능적.텍스쳐 특성)

  • 이효지;한지연
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.164-172
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    • 2002
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the sensory and quality characteristics of Solsulgi containing different ratios of ingredients such as pine leaves power(1, 2, and 3%), sugar, and water. The results of sensory evaluation showed that Solsulgi containing 1% pine leaves powder had the higher scores in overall acceptability, color and flavor preference. In the textural analysis of Solsulgi, the springiness, chewiness, gumminess, and hardness were decreased by adding pine leaves powder. The hunter's color L value of Solsulgi was decreased by the increase of pine leaves powder. The more pine leaves powder was added, the redness and yellowness of Solsulgi were increased. The moisture content of Solsulgi was higher in the samples with 3% pine leaves powder than those with 1 %.

Effects of Feeding Dietary Different Oil and Tocopherol on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Pork (오일과 토코페롤 급여가 돈육의 이화학적 성질에 미치는 영향)

  • 진상근;김일석;송영민;정기화;이성대;하경희;김회윤;박기훈
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.115-121
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    • 2003
  • The pork quality was determined with following treatments. The meat samples were obtained from pigs which had been fed finishing pig diets containing 5% beef tallow(Control), 3% beef tallow and 2% perillar seed oil(T1), 250 ppm vitamin E(a-tocopheryl acetate) in T1(T2), 3% beef tallow and 2% squid viscera oil(T3), 250 ppm vitamin E in T3(T4), 3% beef tallow and 2% CLA(Conjugated linoleic acid, T5). T1 had the lowest sarcomere length, salt solubility and total protein contents among the treatments. Salt solubility and total protein content of T2 and T4 which had been fed diets containing Vit. E were higher than those of T1 and T3 which had not been fed diets without Vit. E. pH and water holding capacity(WHC) values of control were higher than those of T1, T3 and T5, while WHC of T2 and T4 was higher than those of T1, T3 and T5. The hunter L value of meat and a value of fat showed higher in T5 than those in control, T, T3. The adhesiveness of T3 and the springiness of T5 in cooked meat showed higher level than other treatments.

Quality Properties of Bread Made of Wheat Flour and Black Rice Flour (흑미가루를 첨가한 식빵의 품질 특성)

  • Jung, Dong-Sik;Lee, Fan-Zhu;Eun, Jong-Bang
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.232-237
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    • 2002
  • The quality of bread (black rice bread) made of black rice flour and wheat flour was investigated. The bread was manufactured with 10, 20 or 30% black rice flour (BRF) (w/w) with increasing and wheat flour. The bread volume was decreased from 2250 cc to 1700 cc as BRF contents increased from 0% to 30%. The lightness (L values) decreased with increasing BRF contents and the redness (a values) increased. The yellowness (b values) slightly decreased with increasing BRF contents. Textural characteristics of bread crumb were influened by adding additives BRF. Breads containing additives showed an increase in hardness, gumminess and chewiness and a decrease in springness and cohesiveness. In sensory evaluation, sensory scores decreased with increasing BRF contents for the appearance, such as grain and texture, of black rice bread. On the other hand, the highest sensory scores for color, taste and overall eating quality were obtained, when BRF content was 20%. In conclusion, Bread with 20% BRF was the best quality in sensory evaluation.

인산 쌀 전분의 이화학적 특성

  • 정재홍;이미현;오만진
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.223.1-223
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    • 2003
  • 인산 쌀 전분을 제조, 이용하기 위한 기초 자료를 얻기 위하여 추청벼와 삼강벼를 원료로 하여 쌀 전분을 제조하고 이에 15% sodium tripolyphosphate를 가하여 15$0^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 반응시켜 얻어진 인산 쌀 전분(D. S.=0.015)의 이화학적 성질을 검토하였다. 인산 쌀 전분의 투명도는 원료 전분에 비하여 높았으며 원료 전분은 6$0^{\circ}C$, 인산 쌀 전분은 5$0^{\circ}C$부터 증가하기 시작하였다. 인산 쌀 전분의 색도는 원료 전분에 비하여 명도가 감소하였으며, 적색도 및 황색도는 증가하였다. 이것은 초산 처리 쌀 전분보다는 색상에서 좋지 않게 평가되었다. 인산 처리한 추청벼 및 삼강벼 전분의 호화개시 온도는 각각 5$0^{\circ}C$, 53$^{\circ}C$로서 인산 처리에 의해 원료 쌀 전분보다 14~15$^{\circ}C$ 낮아졌으며, 인산 쌀전분의 점도는 원료 쌀 전분에 비하여 7.4~8.4배 증가하였고 추청벼 전분이 삼강벼 전분보다 높게 나타났다. 인산 쌀 전분 겔의 견고성, 응집성, 접착성, 탄력성, 점착성 및 씹힘성은 원료 전분 겔보다 높았으며 두 품종간에는 추청벼 전분이 다소 높았다. 인산 쌀 전분 입자의 표면 구조는 원료 쌀 전분에 비하여 다소 팽윤되어 헝클어진 형태를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때 인산 처리 쌀전분이 원료 쌀 전분보다 호하 개시 온도가 낮고, 점도가 높아 즉석면의 제조 시 호화 온도를 낮추고 쫄깃쫄깃한 촉감의 면을 만들 수 있음을 시사하고 있으며, 정이 보고한 초산 처리 쌀 전분과 이용성을 비교할 때 인산 처리 전분이 라면 제조에 있어 더 효과적일 것임이 예상된다.desirability(전체적으로 바람직한 정도)의 경우 효소처리시킨 시료중 pH6.5$\longrightarrow$3.5, 35$^{\circ}C$(T1)과 45$^{\circ}C$(T3)처리군이 28일간 수침시켜 제조한 유과와 비교될 만한 높은 점수를 보여 이를 처리군에서 바람직한 특성을 지닌 유과 제조가 가능한 것으로 나타났다.의 Softness 는 Compression force 및 Work ratio 와 유의적인 상관관계를 나타내었으며, Dryness 와 Crumblyness 는 Work ratio와 유의적인 상관관계를 나타내고 있어 백편의 조직감은 Compression force 와 Work ratio로 대치할 수 있을 것이라고 사료된다. 수분함량은 기계적 검사보다 관능검사와 더욱 높은 상관관계를 나타냈다.내었다. 항균활성이 우수한 생약재를 농도별로 활성을 조사한 결과, 물 추출물과 10% Ethanol 추출물 모두 낮은 농도에서도 우수한 항균활성을 나타내었다.취와 함께 점질성 갈변물질이 생성되었다. 이와 같은 결과로 볼 때, BAAG의 처리는 BAAC의 경우보다 가격은 저렴하면서도 항균력은 우수한 천연 항균복합제재로써 농산물 식품원료에 적용하여 선도유지 기간을 연장할 수 있는 효과를 기대할 수 있었다. 과일 등의 포장제로서 이용할 가능성을 확인하였다.로 [-wh] 겹의문사는 복수 의미를 지닐 수 없 다. 그러면 단수 의미는 어떻게 생성되는가\ulcorner 본 논문에서는 표면적 형태에도 불구하고 [-wh]의미의 겹의문사는 병렬적 관계의 합성어가 아니라 내부구조를 지니지 않은 단순한 단어(minimal $X^{0}$ elements)로 가정한다. 즉, [+wh] 의미의 겹의문사는 동일한 구성요

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감귤과피 유색미의 취반 특성

  • 서성수;노홍균;윤광섭;김순동
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.157-157
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    • 2003
  • 우리나라에서 생산되는 감귤은 지리적 기후 조건으로 내한성이 강한 만다린계 온주밀감이 주종을 이루나 최근 과잉생산으로 인한 가격하락과 수입자유화에 따른 대처의 일환으로 경쟁력이 높은 품종을 장려 보급하고 있다. 감귤의 국내 연간 생산량은 56만 톤으로 과일 전체 생산량의 약 30%를 차지하며 과실의 약 20%가 과피로서 그 일부가 한약재로 쓰이나 대부분이 버려지고 있다. 감귤의 과피에는 carotenoids, bioflavonoids, pectin 및 terpenes가 풍부하게 함유되어 있으며, 천연에서 발견되고 있는 약 300여종의 carotenoids계 색소 중 115종이 감귤에 존재한다. 감귤 과피의 주요 carotenoids로는 비타민 A의 역할을 하는 $\beta$-carotene과 cryptoxanthin을 비롯한 $\beta$-citraurin이며 천연 착색제로 활용되고 있다. 또, 주요 bioflavonoids로는 모세혈관의 수축을 촉진시켜 고혈압 예방과 이로 인한 각종 질환을 방지하는 작용을 가진 hesperidin과 혈액내 LDL 콜레스테롤의 양을 줄이는 작용이 알려진 naringin이 있다. 그 외의 감귤 flavonoids도 항산화작용, antimutagen 활성, 항암, 항알레르기 및 항바이러스 효과가 알려져 있다. 밀감 과피의 bioflavonoids는 약 60여종이 분리되어 그 구조가 밝혀져 있으나 90% 이상이 hesperidin이다. 또 과피유에는 $\delta$-limonene을 주성분으로 하는 휘발성 향미성분이 함유되어 있어 향미 개선제로서의 활용이 기대되고 있다. 본 연구는 최근 식생활의 서구화로 쌀 위주의 식생활에 많은 변화를 가져와 쌀 소비량은 해마다 줄어들고 있는 반면 기능성을 가미한 쌀의 소비가 늘고 있음을 감안하여, 우리나라 제주도에서 생산되고 있는 감귤 과피의 물 균질액을 쌀에 코팅하여 아름다운 색상과 기능성을 지닌 유색미를 제조함과 동시에 그 취반 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 유색미의 색상은 진노랑(L*; 63.6, a*; -7.87, b*; 46.35)으로 취반 후에도 유사한 색상을 나타내었다. Total carotenoids는 감귤과피에서는 10.74mg%, 과피의 물 균질액에는 0.46mg%이었으며 유색미에는 0.l2mg%, 유색미 취반에는 0.05mg%를 나타내었다. Hesperidin은 과피, 물 균질액, 유색미 및 유색미 취반에서 각각 2173.l2mg%, 108.65mg%, 21.73mg% 및 8.67mg%이었으며, naringin은 각각 1468.40mg%, 73.38mg%, 14.62mg% 및 5.87mg%를 나타내었다. 감귤과피의 유리아미노산은 asparagine이 94.22mg%로 가장 높았으며, methionine이 24.88mg%, alanine이 19.64mg%, ${\gamma}$ -aminoisobutylic acid가 15.37mg%로 이들 4종의 아미노산이 전체 유리아미노산함량의 70%를 나타내었다. 유색미 취반에는 백미 취반에 비하여 총 유리아미노산의 함량이 15%정도 증가되었으며, 그 중에서 glutamic acid는 2.5 배가 증가되었다. 감귤과피의 주요 무기질은 K(652.60mg%)와 Ca(222.50mg%)로 전체 무기질 함량의 86%를 차지하였으며 유색미 취반은 백미 취반에 비하여 K는 2.3배, Mn는 76%, Ca, P, Mg은 16~26%, Fe는 13%가 각각 증가되었다. 취반의 경도, 점착성 및 깨짐성은 유색미 취반과 백미 취반간에 차이가 없으나 응집성과 탄력성은 유색미 취반에서 높았다. 색상에 대한 기호도, 구수한 맛 및 종합적인 기호도는 유색미 취반에서 높았으며 단맛, 쓴맛은 백미 취반과 차이를 보이지 않았다.

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Physico-Chemical Changes in Pork Bellies with Different Cooking Methods (조리방법에 따른 삼겹살의 물리화학적 특성 변화)

  • Yang, Jong-Beom;Ko, Myung-Soo;Kim, Kwang-Soo
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.87-93
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    • 2009
  • This study was carried out to suggest an effective cooking method for pork bellies to decrease intake of animal fat. The physico-chemical characteristics of pork bellies cooked by different methods (boiling, steaming, baking and frying) were investigated. The moisture contents of cooked meats decreased but crude lipid contents increased. The cooking losses, moisture drain rates, and lipid drain rates were high after frying and boiling. The pH values increased markedly with boiling and both the acid value and the refraction index of the fat significantly increased with frying. The hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of the meat increased considerably with boiling, but decreased notably after frying. The springiness decreased very much with boiling and cohesiveness greatly increased with steaming. The CIE $L^*$ (lightness) value increased notably with steaming but decreased markedly with frying. The CIE $a^*$ (redness) value decreased markedly with all cooking methods, especially boiling, and the CIE $b^*$ (yellowness) value decreased with both boiling and steaming but increased with both baking and frying. The fatty acids of fat from the raw pork bellies were primarily oleic acid (42.4%), palmitic acid (23.9%), and linoleic acid (16.1%). The ratio of total monounsaturated fatty acids to total saturated fatty acids was 1.190 and the ratio of total polyunsaturated fatty acids to total saturated fatty acids was 0.446. In addition, the composition of fatty acids was not significantly changed with any cooking method except frying. Therefore, boiling is the effective cooking method for pork bellies to decrease intake of animal fats.

Quality Characteristics of Mungbean Starch Gel Added with Salicornia herbacea L. Powder (함초 분말을 첨가한 청포묵의 품질 특성)

  • Son, Gi-Ok;Lee, Seung-Joo
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.472-480
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    • 2014
  • This study evaluated the quality characteristics of mungbean starch gel prepared with different amounts of Salicornia herbacea L. powder. In order to determine the optimal addition level of Salicornia herbacea L. powder, samples of mungbean starch with 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8% of Salicornia herbacea L. powder substitute were prepared, after which physicochemical, textural and sensory quality characteristics were measured. Upon increasing Salicornia herbacea L. powder levels in the formulation, moisture contents of samples decreased, except the 6% addition sample, and salinity levels increased. Total phenolic contents and DPPH radical scavenging activities also increased significantly upon addtion of Salicornia herbacea L. powder. According to the texture analysis, hardness and gumminess decreased with increasing amounts of added Salicornia herbacea L. powder. From the sensory tests, 4% Salicornia herbacea L. powder sample received the highest overall acceptability score with proper levels of flavor, saltiness and texture. As a result, to increase usage of Salicornia herbacea L., the optimal formulation consisted of 4% Salicornia herbacea L. powder substitute for mungbean starch.