• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2006

Skeletal muscle injury occurs frequently in sports medicine and is the most general form of injury followed by physical impact. There are growth factors which conduct proliferation, differentiation, and synthesis of myogenic prodromal cells and regulate vascular generation for the continued survival of myocytes. The purpose of the present study was to confirm the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) and electrical stimulation (ES) on muscle recovery processes according to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into 2 experimental groups and a controlled group. All animals had suffered from crush damage in the extensor digitorum longus for 30 seconds and were killed 1, 3, and 7 days after injury. 30 Hz and 1 mA impulsion for 15 minutes was applied to the EA experimental groups Zusanli (ST36) and Taichong (LR3) using electroacupuncture and the same stimulation was applied to the ES group using an electrical node. Hematoxyline-Eosin staining and VEGF immunohistochemistry were used to ascertain the resulting muscle recovery. There were few morphological differences between the EA and ES groups, and both groups were observed to have tendencies to decrease atrophy as time passed. In the controlled group, gradually diminishing atrophy could be observed, but their forms were mostly disheveled. There were few differences in VEGF expression between the EA and ES groups, and tendencies to have an increased quantity of VEGF with the lapse of time were observed in both groups. In the controlled group, a little VEGF expression could be observed merely 7 days after injury. In conclusion, EA and ES contributed to muscle recovery processes and could be used for the treatment of muscle injury.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.17-28
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• 1998

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of different stimulation-duration of high frequency electroacupuncturet(EA) treatment on the neuronal activities in the spinal cord and brainstem using Fos immunohistochemical technique. Three different stimulus-duration was used in this experiment : 30minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours. The summerized results were summerized as follow : 1. The number of Fos expression was significantly increased in the spinal cord dorsal horn depending upon the increase of stimulus-duration (P<0.05). Otherwise, there was no significant difference between 30 minutes EA treated group and anesthetic control. 2. High frequency EA biphasic stimulation significantly enhanced the Fos expression in the DR, middle and rostral portion of PAG LD, and caudal PAG LV after 1 hour and 2 hours treatment. The number of Fos immunoreactive neuron in the brainstem was increased accorcting to the length of stimulus-duration. Those results indicate that at least 1 hour EA treatment was necessary to increase the neuronal activities in the spinal cord and brainstem. Those basic data from this study can be applied to establish the effective treatment of EA for pain control in the clinical field.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.247-250
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• 2003

Objectives : Strabismus refers to the muscle imbalanced that results from improper alignment of the visual axes of the two eyes. It may be divided into paralytic and nonparalytic strabismus. Paralytic strabismus is primarily result from neurologic problem and nonparalytic strabismus is more strictly opthalmologic problem. We try to improve the remedial value of acute paralytic strabismus. Methods : We treated the cases by use of electra-acupuncture at paralytic extraocular muscles. The cases were treated almost daily and every treatment were enforced 10 minutes. We use the PG-306 electra-acupuncture products(Suzuki Iryoki Co. Japan) and apply the low consequence wave of 1-8Hz Results : We found that two cases were recovered almost three months and one case is treated till now and improved. So we try to apply this treatment in many cases and make the treating protocol of acute paralytic strabismus.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2003

Objective : This experimental in vitro study investigates the effects of electro acupuncture stimuli to the DCX and PSA-NCAM positive cells in the dentate gyrus of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Methods : We used immunohistochemical methods to observe the change of neuron cells, and then counts the immunoactive cells under the $100{\times}$ visual field optical microscope. Results : 1. The counts of DCX-positive cells in the dentate gyrus significantly increased in the 2Hz group versus control group. Otherwise 100Hz group did not have a significant differance. 2. The counts of PSA-NCAM-positive cells in the dentate gyrus rather decreased in the both 2Hz group and 100Hz group versus control group. Conclusions : We find out the electro acupuncture stimuli have some effects upon cerebral neuron cell in the dentate gyrus spontaneously hypertensive rats.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2004

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the effects of electroacupuncture(EA) at the $H_7$ (Shinmun) on normal humans using power spectral analysis. Methods : EEG power spectrum exhibit site-specific and state-related differences in specific frequency bands. In this study, power spectrum was used as a measure of complexity. 32 channel EEG study was carried out in 9 subjects (9 males; age=25,8 years). Results : In alpha band, the power values at Fp2 channels(p<0.05) during the $H_7-acupoint$ treatment significantly were decreased. In beta band, the power values at Fp1, Fp2 channels(p<0.05) during the $H_7-acupoint$ treatment significantly were decreased. In delta and theta band, the power values at the $H_7-acupoint$ treatment significantly was increased than the before-acupuncture treatment. Conclusions : This results suggest that electroacupuncture at the $H_7$ is significantly in beta band of EEG.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.986-994
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• 1999

This study was carried out (a) to investigate the variations of blood chemistry and (b) to examine the secretion trend of endocrine substances in a dog model after electroacupuncture and laser stimulation at different time period(9 to 11a.m. and 6 to 8p.m.). Two acupuncture points ; Da Zhui(GV-14) and Shen Shu(BL-23) were electroacupunctured for 20 minutes with 2Vol, 20Hz and irradiated for 5 minutes with 8,000Hz. Before stimulation and after a lapse of time(10-minutes, 30-minutes and 60-minutes) all dogs were checked the following parameters ; cortisol, ACTH, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, WBC, Ca, P, SGPT, SGOT and creatinine. The results were as follow : The levels of cortisol and ACTH have been increased 10 minutes after the stimulation of the electroacupuncture and laser. The higher levels of cortisol and ACTH have been decreased to keep the normal levels from 30 minutes after the stimulation of the electroacupuncture and laser. The RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit and WBC showed the physiological phenomena in the electroacupuncture and laser stimulation. In sero chemical analysis, calcium, phosphate, SGOT, SGPT and creatinine levels were within normal physiological ranges.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.9-27
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• 2003

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the effects of electro-acupuncture(EA) at the SP6(Sameumgyo)-GB39(Hyeonjong) on normal human EEG using power spectral analysis. Methods : EEG power spectrum exhibit site-specific and state-related differences in specific frequency bands. In this study, power spectrum was used as a measure of complexity(LAXTHA Co., KOREA). 30 channel EEG study was carried out in 20 subjects $(20\;males;\;age=21.4{\pm}0.5\;years)$. Results : In $\alpha$(alpha) band, the power values at F4 channels(p<0.05) during the SP6-GB39 acupoints treatment was significantly increased. But, the power values at Fz channel during the non-acupoint treatment was significantly decreased . In $\beta$(beta) band, the power values at Fz, FTC1, T3 channels(p<0.05) was significantly increased during the SP6-GB39 acupoints treatment. In $\delta$(delta) band, the power values at F4, C3, Cz, CP1, Pz channels(p<0.05) during SP6-GB39 acupoints treatment were significantly decreased.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of electroacupuncture(EA) at the PC6 (Naegwan) on normal humans using KarhunenLoeve decomposition method. Electroencephalogram(EEG) is a multi-scaled signal consisting of several components of time series with different dominant frequency ranges and different origins. EEG KarhunenLoeve decomposition method exibit site-specific and state-related differences in specific frequency bands. In this study, KarhunenLoeve decomposition method was used as a measure(D2) of complexity. 30 channel EEG study was carried out in 10 subjects (10 males; $age=21.4{\pm}0.5$ years). Results : We found that the average values and standard deviations of D2 at FP1, FP2, FTC1, FTC2, TT1, TT2, T4, TCP1, P3, P4, T6, OZ channel (p<0.05) were higher than during the acupuncture treatment, and the average values and standard deviations of D2 at F3, F8 channels(p<0.05) were lowered than during the acupuncture treatment. However, the comparison with that before and after the treatment shows no significant differences in all channels.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.374-397
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• 2004

This experiment was designed to investigate the analgesic effect of non-invasive electroacupuncture treatment on femoral head osteotomy in dogs. Twelve dogs were divided into 3 groups in this experiment. Electroacupuncture group was non-invasively electrostimulated in Huan Tiao (GB-30) acupoint for 10 minutes by 4.5V, 5Hz for 10 days. Medication group was treated with carprofen (4mg/kg, P.O.) for 10 days. Control group was not treated. Each group was pre-operatively and post-operatively scored by using VAS (Visual Analogue Scale), SDS (Simple Descriptive Scale), NRS (Numerical Rating Scale), and measured serum cortisol levels. The results of VAS, SDS and NRS in electroacupuncture and medication groups were better than those of control group. And, the results of electroacupuncture group were better than those of medication group since 6th day after osteotomy in pain management(p<0.05). But, there were no significances in serum cortisol level among 3 groups. In conclusion, non-invasive electroacupuncture treatment showed sufficient analgesic effect on postoperative pain management after femoral head osteotomy, and VAS, SDS, and NRS scoring system would be adapted in evaluation of pain management.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of electro-acupuncture stimulation regarding restoration of range of motion on patients with frozen shoulder. Methods : Experimental group measured with shoulder flexion and abduction angle at pre and post electro-acupuncture stimulation. Results : There were statistically significant difference regarding change of flexion angle of electro-acupuncture stimulation(p<0.01) and the testing value of all levels had a significant difference with the value of final post-test(p<0.01). There were statistically significant difference regarding change of abduction angle of electro-acupuncture stimulation(p<0.01). Conclusions : Electro-acupuncture stimulation of distal part increased range of motion of frozen shoulder. Therefore, application of electro-acupuncture should be developed as a therapeutic method in treatment of frozen shoulder. Also, it can contribute as one of good therapeutic methods offered to patients through approach of oriental rehabilitation medicine.